英語四級真題閱讀長難句的分析（十四）
50. Built with safety in mind, the highways have wide lanes and shoulders, dividing medians or barriers, long entry and exit lanes, curves engineered for safe turns, and limited access.
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為the highways have 。have 后的部分都是賓語。Built with safety in mind 是過去分詞短語作伴隨狀語，其邏輯主語是highways。現在分詞 dividing 作前置定語，修飾 medians or barriers。 【譯文】這些公路以安全為建造理念建成，有寬闊的車道和路肩，標有中分線或裝了中分路障，還配備了長長的進出道路和為安全轉彎設計弧線道路，并設置了準入限制。 51. But since water is much cheaper than wine, and many of the fancier brands aren t available in stores, most diners don t notice or care. 【分析】本句為復合句。主句為most diners don t notice or care。since 表示 既然，由于 ，引導原因狀語從句。和 because, as 及 for 有所不同，since 表明的是已知的原因。 【譯文】但是因為水比酒便宜很多，而且許多吸引人的牌子在商店里看不到，導致了就餐者沒有注意到或是根本不關心。 52. He must use the sounds of speech to identify the words spoken, understand the pattern of organization of the words , and finally interpret the meaning. 【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為 He must use the sounds, understand the pattern, and interpret the meaning。to identify the words spoken, understand the pattern of organization of the words 和 finally interpret the meaning是并列的動詞不定式結構，表示目的。 【譯文】他需要用語音來確認所發(fā)出的詞，理解詞或句的組織結構，最后解釋意思。 53. Perhaps it was the extreme contrast with Japanese society that prompted American firms to pay more attention to women buyers. 【分析】本句為強調句型。強調句型It is/was+被強調部分+that/who 用來強調謂語動詞以外的任何句子成分，當被強調部分是人時也可以用 who。 【譯文】可能是與日本社會強烈的對比才促使美國公司向女性消費者投入更多的注意力。 54. As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking and failure to exercise. 【分析】本句為復合句。句子主干為the focus has been shifting。第一個As是關系代詞，引導定語從句，修飾的是整個句子。第二個as用于such as，是固定結構，表示舉例說明。 【譯文】就像我們看到的那樣，我們社會醫(yī)療保健的重心已經由治療疾病轉變到了預防疾病，尤其表現在改變不健康行為，如不好的飲食習慣，吸煙以及缺乏運動。 55. Reaching new peaks of popularity in North America is Iceberg Water, which is harvested from icebergs off the coast of Newfoundland, Canada. 【分析】本句為復合句。主句Reaching is Iceberg Water為倒裝句，正常語序應為Iceberg Water is reaching new peaks of popularity，為強調Reaching new peaks of popularity而將其提前至句首。which引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞為Iceberg Water。 【譯文】萃取自加拿大紐芬蘭沿岸冰山的 冰水 在北美的受歡迎程度一再創(chuàng)出新高。
50. Built with safety in mind, the highways have wide lanes and shoulders, dividing medians or barriers, long entry and exit lanes, curves engineered for safe turns, and limited access.
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為the highways have 。have 后的部分都是賓語。Built with safety in mind 是過去分詞短語作伴隨狀語，其邏輯主語是highways?，F在分詞 dividing 作前置定語，修飾 medians or barriers。 【譯文】這些公路以安全為建造理念建成，有寬闊的車道和路肩，標有中分線或裝了中分路障，還配備了長長的進出道路和為安全轉彎設計弧線道路，并設置了準入限制。 51. But since water is much cheaper than wine, and many of the fancier brands aren t available in stores, most diners don t notice or care. 【分析】本句為復合句。主句為most diners don t notice or care。since 表示 既然，由于 ，引導原因狀語從句。和 because, as 及 for 有所不同，since 表明的是已知的原因。 【譯文】但是因為水比酒便宜很多，而且許多吸引人的牌子在商店里看不到，導致了就餐者沒有注意到或是根本不關心。 52. He must use the sounds of speech to identify the words spoken, understand the pattern of organization of the words , and finally interpret the meaning. 【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為 He must use the sounds, understand the pattern, and interpret the meaning。to identify the words spoken, understand the pattern of organization of the words 和 finally interpret the meaning是并列的動詞不定式結構，表示目的。 【譯文】他需要用語音來確認所發(fā)出的詞，理解詞或句的組織結構，最后解釋意思。 53. Perhaps it was the extreme contrast with Japanese society that prompted American firms to pay more attention to women buyers. 【分析】本句為強調句型。強調句型It is/was+被強調部分+that/who 用來強調謂語動詞以外的任何句子成分，當被強調部分是人時也可以用 who。 【譯文】可能是與日本社會強烈的對比才促使美國公司向女性消費者投入更多的注意力。 54. As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking and failure to exercise. 【分析】本句為復合句。句子主干為the focus has been shifting。第一個As是關系代詞，引導定語從句，修飾的是整個句子。第二個as用于such as，是固定結構，表示舉例說明。 【譯文】就像我們看到的那樣，我們社會醫(yī)療保健的重心已經由治療疾病轉變到了預防疾病，尤其表現在改變不健康行為，如不好的飲食習慣，吸煙以及缺乏運動。 55. Reaching new peaks of popularity in North America is Iceberg Water, which is harvested from icebergs off the coast of Newfoundland, Canada. 【分析】本句為復合句。主句Reaching is Iceberg Water為倒裝句，正常語序應為Iceberg Water is reaching new peaks of popularity，為強調Reaching new peaks of popularity而將其提前至句首。which引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞為Iceberg Water。 【譯文】萃取自加拿大紐芬蘭沿岸冰山的 冰水 在北美的受歡迎程度一再創(chuàng)出新高。
