大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試閱讀理解難句解析

　　1.As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease-especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise.

　　主干：the focus has been shifting

　　句首As引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，As指代主句所說(shuō)的內(nèi)容，在從句中作seen的賓語(yǔ)。

　　主句中破折號(hào)后的內(nèi)容是短語(yǔ)介詞in terms of引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，表示從......方面來(lái)說(shuō)，changing與前面的shifting構(gòu)成語(yǔ)義再現(xiàn)。

　　譯文：正如我們所看到的一樣，我們社會(huì)醫(yī)療的重心正在從治療疾病轉(zhuǎn)到預(yù)防疾病上來(lái)---特別是要改變我們?cè)S多不健康的行為，比如說(shuō)不良的飲食習(xí)慣、抽煙、忽視鍛煉。

　　2.The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely not ill and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body s special needs.

　　主干：The field has not distinguished

　　主句的謂語(yǔ)用了distinguished between...and...的結(jié)構(gòu)，and連接的兩個(gè)someone都用了who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句予以修飾。

　　譯文：傳統(tǒng)上，醫(yī)學(xué)并沒(méi)有區(qū)分一個(gè)僅僅是沒(méi)有生病的人和一個(gè)健康狀況很好并且注意自己身體特殊需要的人。這兩種類型都被稱作健康。

　　3.Imagine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious foods, who feels OK but exercises only occasionally, who goes to work every day, but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts, but sleeps a lot and often feels tired.

　　主干：Imagine a person...

　　主干部分很簡(jiǎn)短，關(guān)鍵是a person后面有5個(gè)who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，使句式變得復(fù)雜了。這5個(gè)who引導(dǎo)的從句都有相似的結(jié)構(gòu)：含兩個(gè)由but 連接的謂語(yǔ)，前后的描述形成鮮明的對(duì)比。這樣的排比句式，加強(qiáng)了語(yǔ)氣，給讀者留下深刻印象。

　　譯文：想象這么一個(gè)人：他體重適中，但是并沒(méi)有吃到非常有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的食物;他自我感覺(jué)還行，但只是偶爾鍛煉一下;他每天都去上班，但卻不是一個(gè)優(yōu)秀員工;他大多數(shù)晚上在家里喝一點(diǎn)啤酒，但卻并不醉酒駕車;他沒(méi)有胸痛的感覺(jué)，血液指數(shù)也正常，但卻嗜睡，并且經(jīng)常感到疲倦。

　　4. In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms well and wellness only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health.

　　主干：some health specialists have begun to apply...

　　主句部分，不定式to apply...用作begun的賓語(yǔ)。apply...to...表示把......應(yīng)用于......，句中表示把well和wellness這樣的詞只用來(lái)指那些人。who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾those。

　　譯文：然而，近些年來(lái)，一些健康專家開(kāi)始把健康和健康狀況良好這樣的字眼只使用到那些積極努力去保持并改善自身健康狀況的人身上。

　　5. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living, the concept of wellness can have a beneficial impact on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life.

　　主干：the concept...can have a

　　句首by引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)表示方法、手段。have a on...對(duì)......有有益的影響。in which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾the ways。

　　譯文：通過(guò)關(guān)注健康的生活方式，健康的歷年就能對(duì)人們面對(duì)日常生活的挑戰(zhàn)的方法產(chǎn)生有利的影響。

　　1.As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease-especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise.

　　主干：the focus has been shifting

　　句首As引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，As指代主句所說(shuō)的內(nèi)容，在從句中作seen的賓語(yǔ)。

　　主句中破折號(hào)后的內(nèi)容是短語(yǔ)介詞in terms of引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，表示從......方面來(lái)說(shuō)，changing與前面的shifting構(gòu)成語(yǔ)義再現(xiàn)。

　　譯文：正如我們所看到的一樣，我們社會(huì)醫(yī)療的重心正在從治療疾病轉(zhuǎn)到預(yù)防疾病上來(lái)---特別是要改變我們?cè)S多不健康的行為，比如說(shuō)不良的飲食習(xí)慣、抽煙、忽視鍛煉。

　　2.The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely not ill and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body s special needs.

　　主干：The field has not distinguished

　　主句的謂語(yǔ)用了distinguished between...and...的結(jié)構(gòu)，and連接的兩個(gè)someone都用了who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句予以修飾。

　　譯文：傳統(tǒng)上，醫(yī)學(xué)并沒(méi)有區(qū)分一個(gè)僅僅是沒(méi)有生病的人和一個(gè)健康狀況很好并且注意自己身體特殊需要的人。這兩種類型都被稱作健康。

　　3.Imagine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious foods, who feels OK but exercises only occasionally, who goes to work every day, but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts, but sleeps a lot and often feels tired.

　　主干：Imagine a person...

　　主干部分很簡(jiǎn)短，關(guān)鍵是a person后面有5個(gè)who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，使句式變得復(fù)雜了。這5個(gè)who引導(dǎo)的從句都有相似的結(jié)構(gòu)：含兩個(gè)由but 連接的謂語(yǔ)，前后的描述形成鮮明的對(duì)比。這樣的排比句式，加強(qiáng)了語(yǔ)氣，給讀者留下深刻印象。

　　譯文：想象這么一個(gè)人：他體重適中，但是并沒(méi)有吃到非常有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的食物;他自我感覺(jué)還行，但只是偶爾鍛煉一下;他每天都去上班，但卻不是一個(gè)優(yōu)秀員工;他大多數(shù)晚上在家里喝一點(diǎn)啤酒，但卻并不醉酒駕車;他沒(méi)有胸痛的感覺(jué)，血液指數(shù)也正常，但卻嗜睡，并且經(jīng)常感到疲倦。

　　4. In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms well and wellness only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health.

　　主干：some health specialists have begun to apply...

　　主句部分，不定式to apply...用作begun的賓語(yǔ)。apply...to...表示把......應(yīng)用于......，句中表示把well和wellness這樣的詞只用來(lái)指那些人。who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾those。

　　譯文：然而，近些年來(lái)，一些健康專家開(kāi)始把健康和健康狀況良好這樣的字眼只使用到那些積極努力去保持并改善自身健康狀況的人身上。

　　5. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living, the concept of wellness can have a beneficial impact on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life.

　　主干：the concept...can have a

　　句首by引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)表示方法、手段。have a on...對(duì)......有有益的影響。in which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾the ways。

　　譯文：通過(guò)關(guān)注健康的生活方式，健康的歷年就能對(duì)人們面對(duì)日常生活的挑戰(zhàn)的方法產(chǎn)生有利的影響。