女權(quán)之路:女人何苦為難女人

Some women dont want to become bishops. They dont even want other women to become bishops. That much is evident from records released by Church House, which show that women made up almost half of the lay people who voted against legislation to allow female bishops in the Church of England. Voting figures show that 33 of the 74 General Synod lay members who voted against the measure were women, most of them conservative evangelicals or members of the churchs Anglo-Catholic wing. They had the support of another 2,200 women who signed a petition opposing reform.一些女性不想成為主教。她們甚至不希望其他女性也成為主教。從英國圣公會(huì)發(fā)布的記錄數(shù)據(jù)來看這是明顯的，表明女性讓幾乎一半的門外漢來投票反對允許女性擔(dān)任英格蘭教會(huì)的主教的立法。投票數(shù)據(jù)顯示74名圣公會(huì)外行成員中反對這項(xiàng)法案的有33名是女性，他們中大多數(shù)是保守的福音派教會(huì)成員或國教教徒。她們獲得了另外2200名簽署了一份請?jiān)笗鴣矸磳Ω母锏呐缘闹С帧ts hard not to react to these figures by asking why some women appear to be their own worst enemies. Why do they actively oppose what seems to be in their own interest? The General Synod vote runs against the current of history, which suggests that women are increasingly voting for politicians who favour equality, such as President Obama.面對這些數(shù)據(jù)很難不為所動(dòng)，不禁要問為什么一些女性似乎是她們自己的最大敵人？為什么她們積極反對似乎符合她們自身利益的事情？總議會(huì)投票反對歷史現(xiàn)狀，這表明女性越來越支持倡導(dǎo)平等的政客，比如奧巴馬總統(tǒng)。Reactionary positions on abortion and contraception were defeated in one contest after another in the US last month, and opinion polls in the UK suggest that women voters are deserting the Conservatives in droves.對墮胎和節(jié)育的反對立場上個(gè)月在美國于一輪輪的抗議中被駁倒，而民意調(diào)查結(jié)果表明英國女性選民成群結(jié)隊(duì)地拋棄了保守派。The idea that placing women in positions of authority over men is somehow against the natural order of things sounds quaint in the 21st century . Yet it still strikes a chord with a surprising number of women – not just in the church but also, shamefully, in politics. On Monday there wasnt a single woman on the government frontbench to hear George Osborne announce the next governor of the Bank of England. Women ministers dont need to bother their little heads about finance, it appears, any more than women in the church need to put on robes and tell male priests what to do in their own parishes. After last week it also seems that women dont need, or dont have the opportunity, to apply for the job of director general of the BBC.在權(quán)位上將女性置于男性之上某種程度上違反自然秩序的想法在21世紀(jì)聽起來很可笑。但它仍然在驚人數(shù)量的女性中引起共鳴——不僅僅在教堂，可悲的是在政治上。周一沒有一個(gè)單身女性在政府議會(huì)前座聽到喬治奧斯本宣布未來的英格蘭銀行行長。女部長不需要為金融問題傷腦筋，看來，女人同樣需要在教會(huì)穿上長袍，告訴男祭司們在他們自己的教區(qū)要做些什么。上周之后，似乎女性也不需要或沒有機(jī)會(huì)去申請英國廣播公司總裁的位置。This goes some way to explaining the power politics behind otherwise inexplicable decisions. Faced with a gap between the rhetoric of equality and what actually happens within organisations, its not so surprising that some women choose the safe option of identifying with traditional centres of power. Look at those first ladies who find it easier to get close to power than seek it on their own behalf. When Carla Bruni-Sarkozy announces in Vogue that women dont need feminism, shes speaking as a woman whos experienced the material advantages of attaching herself to one of the worlds most powerful men.這一定程度上解釋了那些令人費(fèi)解的決策背后的強(qiáng)權(quán)政治。面對關(guān)于平等的美好說辭和組織內(nèi)實(shí)際上發(fā)生的事情之間的差距，一些婦女在認(rèn)同傳統(tǒng)權(quán)力中心中做出的最安全選擇并不令人意外。看看那些發(fā)現(xiàn)接近權(quán)力要比為自己利益追求權(quán)力更容易的“第一夫人”們。當(dāng)卡拉布魯尼在《Vogue》上宣布女性不需要女權(quán)主義時(shí)，她是作為將自己依附于世界上最有權(quán)勢男人之一并享受著優(yōu)越物質(zhì)條件的女人在發(fā)言。These women have got where they have – somewhere quite comfortable – without rocking the boat, and theyre not keen on women who challenge the status quo. Identifying with men is a traditional means of negotiating patriarchal power, and women who go down that route tend to share reactionary male views of other women. If youre a conservative woman in the Church of England, the prospect of pushy women getting power is quite scary, so of course youre going to vote against it. The last thing any traditional woman wants to be accused of is appearing confrontational, even if accepting male power is self-defeating in the long run.這些婦女已經(jīng)找到了她們的歸屬——相當(dāng)舒適的歸屬——沒有搗亂，她們不熱衷于挑戰(zhàn)現(xiàn)狀的女人。認(rèn)同男人是與家長制權(quán)力談判的一種傳統(tǒng)方式，走這條路的女性傾向于分享其他女性保守的男性觀。如果你是英格蘭教會(huì)的一個(gè)保守女人，“愛出風(fēng)頭”的女性獲得權(quán)力的前景是相當(dāng)可怕的，所以你當(dāng)然要投票反對它。任何一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)女性想要指責(zé)的最后一件事是出現(xiàn)對抗，即使接受男權(quán)從長遠(yuǎn)來看弄巧成拙。In many ways, women voting against women is hardly a new phenomenon. Before the first world war, the threat of becoming unsexed was used against the suffragettes, scaring some women into joining the Anti-Suffrage League founded in 1908 by the novelist Mrs Humphry Ward.在許多方面，女性投票反對女性并不是一個(gè)新現(xiàn)象。第一次世界大戰(zhàn)前，變成不男不女的威脅被用來對付婦女參政權(quán)論者，嚇唬那些加入小說家漢弗萊沃德女士于1908年成立的反選舉權(quán)聯(lián)盟的女性。In her 1983 book Right-Wing Women, Andrea Dworkin argued that some women acquiesce to male authority in order to gain protection from male violence. She was right, but it isnt just fear of violence that makes women act against their long-term interest. Theres also the little question of approval and status, as Vogues interview with Bruni-Sarkozy reveals. m not at all an active feminist, trills the wife of the former president of France. Channelling her inner housewife evidently works for her, even if its not a role most modern women aspire to.在她1983年出版的《右翼女性》這本書里，安德里亞德沃金認(rèn)為一些女性默許男性權(quán)威是為了從男性暴力中獲得保護(hù)。她是對的，但不只是對暴力的害怕使得女性違反她們的長遠(yuǎn)利益。還有一個(gè)批準(zhǔn)和地位的小問題，正如布魯尼在《Vogue》采訪中透露的。“我一點(diǎn)都不是活躍的女權(quán)主義者，”前法國總統(tǒng)的妻子說道。與她內(nèi)心的家庭主婦磨合對她而言顯然是卓有成效的，即使這不是大多數(shù)現(xiàn)代女性渴望的角色。