2024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)篇微寫(xiě)作強(qiáng)化系列Test28精選導(dǎo)學(xué)案 北師大版
2024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)篇微寫(xiě)作強(qiáng)化系列Test28精選導(dǎo)學(xué)案 北師大版
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
American society is not nap(午睡)-friendly.In fact，says David Dinges，a sleep specialist at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine，“There’s even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep.”Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at work.To quote a proverb：“Some sleep five hours，nature requires seven，laziness nine and wickedness eleven.”
Wrong.The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them.“We have to totally change our attitude toward napping，” says Dr.William Dement of Stanford University，the godfather of sleep research.
Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an “American_sleep_debt” which one member said was as important as the national debt.The commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepiness：people causing industrial accidents or falling asleep while driving.This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the White House.According to recent reports，President Clinton is trying to take a half-hour snooze(瞌睡) every afternoon.
About 60 percent of American adults nap when given the opportunity.We seem to have “a mid afternoon quiet phase”，also called “a secondary sleep gate”．Sleeping 15 minutes to two hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us refreshed.Clearly，we were born to nap.
We Superstars of Snooze don’t nap to replace lost shut-eye or to prepare for a night shift.Rather，we “snack” on sleep，whenever，wherever and at whatever time we feel like it.I myself have napped in buses，cars，planes and on boats; on floors and beds; and in libraries，offices and museums.
1．It is commonly accepted in American society that too much sleep is________.
A．unreasonable
B．criminal
C．harmful
D．costly
答案 A
解析 “There’s even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep.”和“American society is not nap-friendly.”說(shuō)明選A項(xiàng)。
2．The research done by the Dement Commission shows that Americans ________.
A．don’t like to take naps
B．a(chǎn)re terribly worried about their national debt
C．sleep less than is good for them
D．have caused many industrial and traffic accidents
答案 C
解析 從第二段到最后一段都在論證午睡的重要性；第三段是其中一個(gè)例子。C項(xiàng)正確。
3．The purpose of this article is to ________.
A．warn us of the wickedness of napping
B．explain the danger of sleepiness
C．discuss the side effects of napping
D．convince the reader of the necessity of napping
答案 D
解析 最后一段第二句再一次告訴了讀者，午睡是必要的。
4．The underlined phrase “American sleep debt” in Para.3 is the result of________.
A．the traditional misconception the Americans have about sleep
B．the new sleep policy of the Clinton Administration
C．the rapid development of American industry
D．the Americans’ worry about the danger of sleepiness
答案 A
解析 文章第一段就告訴我們美國(guó)人對(duì)nap不友好，對(duì)sleep也有不正確的看法。故選A項(xiàng)。
5．The second sentence of the last paragraph tells us that it is ________.
A．preferable to have a sound sleep before a night shift
B．good practice to eat something light before we go to bed
C．essential to make up for cost sleep
D．natural to take a nap whenever we feel the need for it
答案 D
解析 參考第3題解析。
B
CLASSIFIED ADS
JOB WANTED
I’m Black，a 25 young man living in Shanghai and looking for a job in a variety of fields，web designer，teaching Spanish or English or working as a waiter or bar tender.I have a friendly personality and I’m hard-working.If you have any job that you think I could do，please do not hesitate about contacting me.Backerl896@126.com
JOB OFFERED
EL house is well-known English learning center for primary and high school students.We are looking for native English teacher who can teach the following subject (s) to our students who are planning to study abroad.The incumbent_should fulfill the following requirements：
—Experienced in exam preparations (TOEFL，IELTS，SAT)—Degree holder
—Experienced in teaching either mathematics，physics or business
—Excellent command of English in both oral and written
—Experienced in teaching higher academic level English
—Native English teachers or Bilingual teachers with native command of English
JGHTR@gmail.com
SHARE
I’m Margaret，looking for a person with a positive outlook on life to share the bedroom in a wonderfully-located luxury apartment.That’s near everything and has everything：hard-wood floors，international TV，washer/dryer.Other two rooms already occupied by a French and a Kiwi women，both professional.
Please contact me.MLCT@sina.com
FOR RENT
CNY 12,000/lovely apartment near West Nanjing Road Layout：3 bedrooms,2 bathrooms Size：120sqm
Monthly rental：RMB 12,000
Compound：First Block
Facilities: gym，tennis court，indoor swimming pool，children’s playground
LYG2560@sohu.com
6．Margaret is now looking for________.
A．her lost cat
B．a(chǎn)n apartment
C．a(chǎn) job
D．a(chǎn) roommate
答案 D
解析 有關(guān)Margaret的信息出現(xiàn)在SHARE部分，文中出現(xiàn)了“l(fā)ooking for a person with a positive outlook on life to share the bedroom”，故選D項(xiàng)。
7．Which of the following is NOT the requirement of EL house?
A．Experienced in exam preparations.
B．Experienced in teaching Chinese.
C．Excellent command of English.
D．Degree holder.
答案 B
解析 題干中的EL house出現(xiàn)在JOB OFFERED部分，B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在Chinese，要求的是English。
8．To look for a person to work in your restaurant，you can contact________.
A．LYG2560@sohu.com
B．MLCT@sina.com
C．Backerl896@126.com
D．JGHTR@gmail.com
答案 C
解析 題干意思是招一個(gè)人來(lái)餐館工作，JOB WANTED中的Backer正在求職，故選C。
9．If you rent the apartment near West Nanjing Road，________.
A．you should pay RMB 13,000 each month
B．you can work out in the gym
C．you can go shopping in the neighborhood
D．you can swim in an outdoor swimming pool
答案 B
解析 題干中的West Nanjing Road出現(xiàn)在FOR RENT部分，選B項(xiàng)；A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在是12,000而不是13,000，C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在文中沒(méi)有提到和shopping有關(guān)的詞語(yǔ)，D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在是indoor而不是outdoor。
10．What does the underlined word “incumbent” mean?
A．Businessman.
B．Student.
C．Employee.
D．Employer.
答案 C
解析 前文中有“We are looking for native English teacher”，故A、B、D項(xiàng)顯然不符合。
Ⅱ.微寫(xiě)作
寫(xiě)作素材
1．我是班上前五名的優(yōu)秀學(xué)生，擅長(zhǎng)英語(yǔ)，尤其是口語(yǔ)。
2．我很容易相處，喜歡交友。
(素材來(lái)源于2011·遼寧·書(shū)面表達(dá))
提示：盡量使用高級(jí)表達(dá)：連接詞especially；besides以及be easy＋不定式結(jié)構(gòu)的用法。
連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文)
I’m an excellent student among the top 5 in my class.I’m good at English，especially spoken English.Besides，I’m easy to get along with and I like to make friends.
1．a(chǎn)dmit v．承認(rèn) admission n．入學(xué)許可；入場(chǎng)費(fèi) admit doing...承認(rèn)做…… gain admission獲得許可
2．concern v．& n．擔(dān)憂；掛念 concerning prep.關(guān)于 be concerned about對(duì)……擔(dān)心 be concerned with和……有關(guān) as far as...be concerned就……而言
3．hesitate v．猶豫；躊躇 hesitation n．猶豫 hesitate to do...不愿做…… have no hesitation
in doing...很樂(lè)意做……
4．fall asleep入睡 fall ill病了 fall behind落后 fall through失敗 fall apart破碎
5．Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an “American sleep debt” which one member said was as important as the national debt.
句中l(wèi)ed by Dement為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)修飾commission，which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾American_sleep_debt，其中one member said可看作是插入語(yǔ)。
如何推測(cè)作者的寫(xiě)作意圖？
推測(cè)寫(xiě)作意圖和了解文章大意有所不同，后者要知道文章的中心思想是什么；而前者是要知道作者為什么要寫(xiě)這篇文章。例如，一篇報(bào)道有關(guān)美國(guó)離婚內(nèi)容的文章，其中心思想可能是高離婚率對(duì)美國(guó)社會(huì)、家庭、當(dāng)事者以及他們子女的影響，而作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的目的卻是引起社會(huì)的關(guān)注，或要人們對(duì)離婚持謹(jǐn)慎的態(tài)度。
作者通常采用的論述方法有：
1．?dāng)[事實(shí)，講道理，論證自己的觀點(diǎn)。
2．只介紹和傳遞信息，并不發(fā)表自己的看法。
3．從多方面闡述意義或重要性。
4．分析某事物的危險(xiǎn)性，并提出警告。
5．從多方面或多角度分析原因或因素。
6．用事實(shí)或數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行生動(dòng)形象的描寫(xiě)。
7．告知方法或做法等，且祈使句使用頻率比較高。
8．闡明某項(xiàng)建議或解決方法的可行性等。
9．作者對(duì)某一事物的看法，要么支持要么反對(duì)，帶有中立色彩的詞最不可能是正確答案。
10．漠不關(guān)心的詞語(yǔ)一定不對(duì)，既然寫(xiě)文章就不會(huì)不關(guān)心。
11．不要把讀者自己的態(tài)度揉入其中，也要區(qū)分開(kāi)作者的和文章中人物的態(tài)度。
12．當(dāng)作者的態(tài)度沒(méi)有明確提出時(shí)，要學(xué)會(huì)根據(jù)作者使用詞語(yǔ)的褒貶性去判斷作者的態(tài)度。
13．作者的觀點(diǎn)一般與文章主旨相關(guān)聯(lián)。
本節(jié)A篇第3題就屬于推測(cè)作者寫(xiě)作意圖的題目，常見(jiàn)的題目類型是The purpose of the text is ________.A、B、C三項(xiàng)都與文章的主題相違背，只有D項(xiàng)符合。
2024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)篇微寫(xiě)作強(qiáng)化系列Test28精選導(dǎo)學(xué)案 北師大版
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
American society is not nap(午睡)-friendly.In fact，says David Dinges，a sleep specialist at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine，“There’s even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep.”Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at work.To quote a proverb：“Some sleep five hours，nature requires seven，laziness nine and wickedness eleven.”
Wrong.The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them.“We have to totally change our attitude toward napping，” says Dr.William Dement of Stanford University，the godfather of sleep research.
Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an “American_sleep_debt” which one member said was as important as the national debt.The commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepiness：people causing industrial accidents or falling asleep while driving.This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the White House.According to recent reports，President Clinton is trying to take a half-hour snooze(瞌睡) every afternoon.
About 60 percent of American adults nap when given the opportunity.We seem to have “a mid afternoon quiet phase”，also called “a secondary sleep gate”．Sleeping 15 minutes to two hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us refreshed.Clearly，we were born to nap.
We Superstars of Snooze don’t nap to replace lost shut-eye or to prepare for a night shift.Rather，we “snack” on sleep，whenever，wherever and at whatever time we feel like it.I myself have napped in buses，cars，planes and on boats; on floors and beds; and in libraries，offices and museums.
1．It is commonly accepted in American society that too much sleep is________.
A．unreasonable
B．criminal
C．harmful
D．costly
答案 A
解析 “There’s even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep.”和“American society is not nap-friendly.”說(shuō)明選A項(xiàng)。
2．The research done by the Dement Commission shows that Americans ________.
A．don’t like to take naps
B．a(chǎn)re terribly worried about their national debt
C．sleep less than is good for them
D．have caused many industrial and traffic accidents
答案 C
解析 從第二段到最后一段都在論證午睡的重要性；第三段是其中一個(gè)例子。C項(xiàng)正確。
3．The purpose of this article is to ________.
A．warn us of the wickedness of napping
B．explain the danger of sleepiness
C．discuss the side effects of napping
D．convince the reader of the necessity of napping
答案 D
解析 最后一段第二句再一次告訴了讀者，午睡是必要的。
4．The underlined phrase “American sleep debt” in Para.3 is the result of________.
A．the traditional misconception the Americans have about sleep
B．the new sleep policy of the Clinton Administration
C．the rapid development of American industry
D．the Americans’ worry about the danger of sleepiness
答案 A
解析 文章第一段就告訴我們美國(guó)人對(duì)nap不友好，對(duì)sleep也有不正確的看法。故選A項(xiàng)。
5．The second sentence of the last paragraph tells us that it is ________.
A．preferable to have a sound sleep before a night shift
B．good practice to eat something light before we go to bed
C．essential to make up for cost sleep
D．natural to take a nap whenever we feel the need for it
答案 D
解析 參考第3題解析。
B
CLASSIFIED ADS
JOB WANTED
I’m Black，a 25 young man living in Shanghai and looking for a job in a variety of fields，web designer，teaching Spanish or English or working as a waiter or bar tender.I have a friendly personality and I’m hard-working.If you have any job that you think I could do，please do not hesitate about contacting me.Backerl896@126.com
JOB OFFERED
EL house is well-known English learning center for primary and high school students.We are looking for native English teacher who can teach the following subject (s) to our students who are planning to study abroad.The incumbent_should fulfill the following requirements：
—Experienced in exam preparations (TOEFL，IELTS，SAT)—Degree holder
—Experienced in teaching either mathematics，physics or business
—Excellent command of English in both oral and written
—Experienced in teaching higher academic level English
—Native English teachers or Bilingual teachers with native command of English
JGHTR@gmail.com
SHARE
I’m Margaret，looking for a person with a positive outlook on life to share the bedroom in a wonderfully-located luxury apartment.That’s near everything and has everything：hard-wood floors，international TV，washer/dryer.Other two rooms already occupied by a French and a Kiwi women，both professional.
Please contact me.MLCT@sina.com
FOR RENT
CNY 12,000/lovely apartment near West Nanjing Road Layout：3 bedrooms,2 bathrooms Size：120sqm
Monthly rental：RMB 12,000
Compound：First Block
Facilities: gym，tennis court，indoor swimming pool，children’s playground
LYG2560@sohu.com
6．Margaret is now looking for________.
A．her lost cat
B．a(chǎn)n apartment
C．a(chǎn) job
D．a(chǎn) roommate
答案 D
解析 有關(guān)Margaret的信息出現(xiàn)在SHARE部分，文中出現(xiàn)了“l(fā)ooking for a person with a positive outlook on life to share the bedroom”，故選D項(xiàng)。
7．Which of the following is NOT the requirement of EL house?
A．Experienced in exam preparations.
B．Experienced in teaching Chinese.
C．Excellent command of English.
D．Degree holder.
答案 B
解析 題干中的EL house出現(xiàn)在JOB OFFERED部分，B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在Chinese，要求的是English。
8．To look for a person to work in your restaurant，you can contact________.
A．LYG2560@sohu.com
B．MLCT@sina.com
C．Backerl896@126.com
D．JGHTR@gmail.com
答案 C
解析 題干意思是招一個(gè)人來(lái)餐館工作，JOB WANTED中的Backer正在求職，故選C。
9．If you rent the apartment near West Nanjing Road，________.
A．you should pay RMB 13,000 each month
B．you can work out in the gym
C．you can go shopping in the neighborhood
D．you can swim in an outdoor swimming pool
答案 B
解析 題干中的West Nanjing Road出現(xiàn)在FOR RENT部分，選B項(xiàng)；A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在是12,000而不是13,000，C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在文中沒(méi)有提到和shopping有關(guān)的詞語(yǔ)，D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在是indoor而不是outdoor。
10．What does the underlined word “incumbent” mean?
A．Businessman.
B．Student.
C．Employee.
D．Employer.
答案 C
解析 前文中有“We are looking for native English teacher”，故A、B、D項(xiàng)顯然不符合。
Ⅱ.微寫(xiě)作
寫(xiě)作素材
1．我是班上前五名的優(yōu)秀學(xué)生，擅長(zhǎng)英語(yǔ)，尤其是口語(yǔ)。
2．我很容易相處，喜歡交友。
(素材來(lái)源于2011·遼寧·書(shū)面表達(dá))
提示：盡量使用高級(jí)表達(dá)：連接詞especially；besides以及be easy＋不定式結(jié)構(gòu)的用法。
連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文)
I’m an excellent student among the top 5 in my class.I’m good at English，especially spoken English.Besides，I’m easy to get along with and I like to make friends.
1．a(chǎn)dmit v．承認(rèn) admission n．入學(xué)許可；入場(chǎng)費(fèi) admit doing...承認(rèn)做…… gain admission獲得許可
2．concern v．& n．擔(dān)憂；掛念 concerning prep.關(guān)于 be concerned about對(duì)……擔(dān)心 be concerned with和……有關(guān) as far as...be concerned就……而言
3．hesitate v．猶豫；躊躇 hesitation n．猶豫 hesitate to do...不愿做…… have no hesitation
in doing...很樂(lè)意做……
4．fall asleep入睡 fall ill病了 fall behind落后 fall through失敗 fall apart破碎
5．Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an “American sleep debt” which one member said was as important as the national debt.
句中l(wèi)ed by Dement為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)修飾commission，which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾American_sleep_debt，其中one member said可看作是插入語(yǔ)。
如何推測(cè)作者的寫(xiě)作意圖？
推測(cè)寫(xiě)作意圖和了解文章大意有所不同，后者要知道文章的中心思想是什么；而前者是要知道作者為什么要寫(xiě)這篇文章。例如，一篇報(bào)道有關(guān)美國(guó)離婚內(nèi)容的文章，其中心思想可能是高離婚率對(duì)美國(guó)社會(huì)、家庭、當(dāng)事者以及他們子女的影響，而作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的目的卻是引起社會(huì)的關(guān)注，或要人們對(duì)離婚持謹(jǐn)慎的態(tài)度。
作者通常采用的論述方法有：
1．?dāng)[事實(shí)，講道理，論證自己的觀點(diǎn)。
2．只介紹和傳遞信息，并不發(fā)表自己的看法。
3．從多方面闡述意義或重要性。
4．分析某事物的危險(xiǎn)性，并提出警告。
5．從多方面或多角度分析原因或因素。
6．用事實(shí)或數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行生動(dòng)形象的描寫(xiě)。
7．告知方法或做法等，且祈使句使用頻率比較高。
8．闡明某項(xiàng)建議或解決方法的可行性等。
9．作者對(duì)某一事物的看法，要么支持要么反對(duì)，帶有中立色彩的詞最不可能是正確答案。
10．漠不關(guān)心的詞語(yǔ)一定不對(duì)，既然寫(xiě)文章就不會(huì)不關(guān)心。
11．不要把讀者自己的態(tài)度揉入其中，也要區(qū)分開(kāi)作者的和文章中人物的態(tài)度。
12．當(dāng)作者的態(tài)度沒(méi)有明確提出時(shí)，要學(xué)會(huì)根據(jù)作者使用詞語(yǔ)的褒貶性去判斷作者的態(tài)度。
13．作者的觀點(diǎn)一般與文章主旨相關(guān)聯(lián)。
本節(jié)A篇第3題就屬于推測(cè)作者寫(xiě)作意圖的題目，常見(jiàn)的題目類型是The purpose of the text is ________.A、B、C三項(xiàng)都與文章的主題相違背，只有D項(xiàng)符合。
