2024年高考英語(yǔ)沖刺搶分訓(xùn)練集2
2024高考英語(yǔ)沖刺搶分訓(xùn)練集2
Ⅰ.詞匯短語(yǔ)過(guò)關(guān)
1．native adj. 本地的，出生地的；天賦的 n. 本地人；出生于某國(guó)的人
be native to... 原產(chǎn)于某地
one’s native country/land 本國(guó)，祖國(guó)
native place 出生地
one’s native language 本國(guó)語(yǔ)，本族語(yǔ)，母語(yǔ)
a native of 當(dāng)?shù)厝?產(chǎn)于……的動(dòng)/植物
[即學(xué)即練1]
(1)China is our ____________， and Chinese is our ____________.中國(guó)是我們的祖國(guó)，漢語(yǔ)是我們的母語(yǔ)。
(2)The tiger __________________ India.這種虎產(chǎn)于印度。
(3)He is __________________ Beijing.他是北京人。
答案：native country；native language；is native to；a native of
2．base vt.以……為根據(jù) n．基部；基地；基礎(chǔ)
base sth. on/upon sth.以……為基礎(chǔ)(或根據(jù))
base sb./sth./oneself in以……為據(jù)點(diǎn)(或總部等)，把(總部等)設(shè)在
the base of a column/glass/pyramid柱基/玻璃杯底/金字塔底座
a military/naval base軍事/海軍基地
[即學(xué)即練2]
(1)What are you ______ this theory ______？你這種理論的根據(jù)是什么？
(2)They decided to ______ the new company ______ New York.他們決定將新成立的公司總部設(shè)在紐約。
(3)The town is an ideal ______ for touring the area.這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)子是在這一地區(qū)旅游觀光的理想地點(diǎn)。
答案：basing on； base in； base
3．command n．[C]命令；指令[U]掌握 vt. & vi.命令；指揮；支配
at one’s command隨心所欲地
at/by one’s command奉某人之命
in command of指揮；統(tǒng)帥
under one’s command由……指揮
take command of擔(dān)任……的指揮
have a good command of很好地掌握
command sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事
command that...(should) do...命令……
[即學(xué)即練3]
(1)The army is __________________ ____________.軍隊(duì)由國(guó)王直接統(tǒng)率。
(2)She ______________________________ the German language.她精通德語(yǔ)。
(3)He commanded us ____________ immediately.＝He commanded that we ____________ immediately.
他命令我們馬上離開(kāi)。
答案：under the king’s；command；has a good command of；to leave；should leave
4．request n. & vt. 請(qǐng)求，要求
request sth. of/from sb.向某人請(qǐng)求某物
request sb. to do sth.請(qǐng)求某人做某事
request that sb. (should) do sth.請(qǐng)求……
It’s requested that...據(jù)要求……
at one’s request
at the request of sb.應(yīng)某人之請(qǐng)求
be in request有需要，受歡迎
make a request for sth.請(qǐng)求，要求……
[即學(xué)即練4]
(1) These materials are ____________ ________.急需這些材料。
(2)She ________________________ some water.她請(qǐng)求給點(diǎn)水。
(3)May I ______ your attention？請(qǐng)你們注意一下好嗎？
(4)I request (of him) that he ____________.我要求他離開(kāi)。
(5)Visitors are requested __________________ the paintings.游客不許動(dòng)油畫(huà)。
答案：in great；request；Made a request for；request；should leave；not to touch
5．recognize vt. 辨認(rèn)出；承認(rèn)
recognition n．認(rèn)出，識(shí)別
recognizable adj.可認(rèn)出的
recognized adj.公認(rèn)的
recognize sb. /sth. by /from...根據(jù)……認(rèn)出某人/事(物)
recognize sb./sth. as/to be...承認(rèn)某人(物)是……
It’s recognized that...人們公認(rèn)……
out of/beyond recognition認(rèn)不出來(lái)
[即學(xué)即練5]
(1)I ____________ Mary ______ her voice on the phone.我在電話中根據(jù)聲音辨認(rèn)出是瑪麗。
(2)Lawrence’s novel ______ eventually _____________ ______/______ ______ a work of genius.勞倫斯的小說(shuō)最后被認(rèn)為是天才的作品。
(3)________________________ environment pollution has become one of the most serious problems.人們一致認(rèn)為環(huán)境污染已經(jīng)成了最嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題之一。
答案：recognized by; was recognized as/to be ;It is recognized that
6．because of因?yàn)椋捎?/p>
because of是介詞短語(yǔ)，后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。
because是連詞，后跟從句。
[即學(xué)即練6]
(1)He was absent not ____________ his illness, but _____________ his father died.他缺席不是因?yàn)樗。且驗(yàn)樗赣H去世了。
(2)It was __________________ that he had gone abroad.就是為了她，他才出國(guó)的。
答案：because of
because;because of her
(3)He realized that she was crying because of________________________.他意識(shí)到她哭是因?yàn)樗f(shuō)的那些話的緣故。
(4)Because of ________________________， I said nothing about her mistake.因?yàn)樗煞蛟趫?chǎng)，對(duì)她的錯(cuò)誤我就沒(méi)說(shuō)什么。
答案：what he had said;her husband’s being there
7．come up走近；(植物)長(zhǎng)出地面；(太陽(yáng))升起；出現(xiàn)；被提及
(1)＝come forward走近；趕上；上來(lái)
(2)＝rise; come to a higher place (esp. the sun, the moon)(太陽(yáng)、月亮)升起
(3)＝be brought up for discussion; be mentioned被提出討論，被談到；引起注意
(4)＝occur/happen(尤指意想不到地)發(fā)生
(5)＝present oneself出席，參加，到場(chǎng)
(6)＝appear above the soil; begin to grow露出地面，發(fā)芽
[即學(xué)即練7]
寫(xiě)出下列各句中come up的意思。
(1)I’ll let you know if anything comes up.____________
(2)A child came up to me and showed me the way to the station.________________
(3)Your question came up at the meeting.________________
(4)The sky was dark blue and clear when the moon came up.___________
(5)The young trees have come up._________
(6)I came up for an interview but didn’t get the job.________
答案：發(fā)生;走近/走上來(lái);被提出討論;升起;發(fā)芽;到場(chǎng)
拓展：come up with想出；提出
come about發(fā)生
come across偶遇；偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)(＝come upon)
come along一道來(lái)；一起去；進(jìn)步；趕快
come back回來(lái)；記起
come on(風(fēng)、雨等)到來(lái)；演出；趕快；得了吧
come out出版；出來(lái)，出現(xiàn)；結(jié)果是
come to蘇醒；總計(jì)；達(dá)到；談到
8．make use of利用；使用
make full use of充分利用
make the best use of盡量利用
make good use of好好利用，合理利用
make little use of沒(méi)有很好地利用
[即學(xué)即練8]
(1) We should ____________________ every minute to learn well.我們應(yīng)該充分利用每一分鐘好好學(xué)習(xí)。
(2)Our factory ______________________________ robots.我們工廠正越來(lái)越多地使用機(jī)器人。
答案：make good use of;is making increasing use of
拓展：be of great use很有用
go out of use不被使用，廢棄
come into use開(kāi)始被使用
be in use在使用中
bring/put...to use加以使用
【注意】在學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言的過(guò)程中應(yīng)注意語(yǔ)言的活用以及詞的搭配。
How much do you know about the use that we have made_of the money？(句子中use做先行詞，關(guān)系代詞that代替use，在定語(yǔ)從句中做make的賓語(yǔ)。)
我們對(duì)錢(qián)的使用情況你了解多少？
9．play a role/part in在……中擔(dān)任角色；在……中起作用
play an important role/part in在……方面起重要作用
play the role of sb.＝play/act the part of sb.(在劇中)扮演某人的角色
play the leading role起主要(帶頭)作用
[即學(xué)即練9]
(1)Science and technology ____________ __________________ developing agriculture.科技在發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)中起重要作用。
(2)He will ________________________ the doctor in my latest drama.他將在我最新的戲里出演醫(yī)生的角色。
答案：plays an;important role/part in;play/act the role/part of
【提示】play a role/part in是“動(dòng)詞＋名詞＋介詞”構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，這類(lèi)短語(yǔ)有兩個(gè)重要考點(diǎn)：
(1)用名詞做主語(yǔ)，用于被動(dòng)句；
(2)用名詞做先行詞，用于定語(yǔ)從句。類(lèi)似短語(yǔ)有：make use of, pay attention to等
易 錯(cuò) 點(diǎn) 撥
自我完善?誤區(qū)備考
1. recognize/realize/know
(1)recognize 指原來(lái)很熟悉，經(jīng)過(guò)一段時(shí)間的間隔或別的原因后又重新認(rèn)出來(lái)。
(2)realize 強(qiáng)調(diào)在經(jīng)過(guò)一個(gè)過(guò)程后的了解。
(3)know 是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，指互相間十分熟悉、十分了解。
[應(yīng)用1]
(1)Only after you lose your health will you ____________ the importance of health.
(2)I've ________________ Tom for years.
(3)I __________ him as soon as he came into the room.
答案：realize;known;recognized
2. such as/for example/that is/and so on
(1)such as 用于列舉事物時(shí)常放在所列舉事物與前面的名詞之間，且其后不用逗號(hào)，直接跟所列舉的事物，可與 like互換。它所列舉的事物的數(shù)量不能等同于前面所提的事物的總和，否則就用 that is或 namely。
(2)for example 主要用于舉例說(shuō)明，其前后多用符號(hào)隔開(kāi)。其位置比較靈活，可位于句首、句中或句末(such as只能位于所列舉的事物之前)。
(3)that is 相當(dāng)于 namely，它所列舉的事物的總量等于前面所提到的事物的總和。
(4)and so on 對(duì)幾個(gè)事物進(jìn)行列舉時(shí)，在說(shuō)了其中的幾個(gè)以后，用．..and so on進(jìn)行概括，說(shuō)明還有例子，但不一一列出了。
[應(yīng)用2]
(1)My daughter studies four subjects in school, ____________， Chinese, maths, English and P．E.
(2)Overcooking, ____________， destroys many nutrients.
(3)He can speak some other languages, ____________ French and German.
(4)There are some books, pens, erasers ____________ in my bag.
答案：that is;for example;such as;and so on
3. with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)
[應(yīng)用3]
(1)—Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
—Sorry. With so much work ______ my mind, I almost break down.
A．filled B．filling
C．to fill D．being filled
解析：with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，work和fill是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且表示正在進(jìn)行，因此其后要用doing結(jié)構(gòu)。
答案：B
(2)John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ______， he gladly accepted it.
A．finished B．finishing C．having finished D．was finished
解析：根據(jù)work和finish是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，可以判斷出答案。
答案：A
(3)______ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.
A．With B．Besides C．As for D．Because of
解析：根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)采用“with＋賓語(yǔ)＋不定式”。
答案：A
(4)It was cold outside, the boy ran into the room ______ his nose red.
A．to B．on C．in D．with
解析：這個(gè)句子考查with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的用法，用“with＋名詞＋形容詞”做狀語(yǔ)表示伴隨情況。而to、on、in作為介詞則沒(méi)有這種用法，故排除A、B、C，答案為D。句意是：外面天氣很冷，那個(gè)男孩跑進(jìn)了屋子時(shí)，鼻子紅紅的。
答案：D
自我測(cè)評(píng)?技能備考
Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(xiě)
1．A lot of students p_______________ at the meeting took part in the discussion.
2．The tall tree was struck by l___________ and broke.
3．The robber was caught when he was filling his car with p__________ at the filling station.
4．Go up in an e_______________ to the fifth floor.
5．He looked calm, but a__________ he was very nervous.
答案：present;lightning;petrol;elevator;actually
6．In the word “happy” the _________(重音) is on the first syllable.
7．He has a poor _________________(詞匯), so he can't express himself correctly.
8．The gentlemen disclosed their own __________(身份)．
9．Anyone who wants to learn English well must remember the ___________(慣用法) of English.
10．Though he is not a ___________(本國(guó)的) English speaker, he can speak English very fluently.
accent
答案：vocabulary;identities;usage;native
Ⅱ .單項(xiàng)選擇
1．(2009?安徽卷)－Do you think it’s a good idea to make friends with your students?
－______， I do. I think it’s a great idea.
A．Really B．Obviously C．Actually D．Generally
答案：C
解析：考查副詞。really真正地；obviously明顯地；actually實(shí)際上； generally大體上。actually在句中起加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣的作用，相當(dāng)于sure，certainly, of course。
2．His uncle made a film ______ his story in his childhood.
A．based on B．was based on C．basing on D．to base on
答案：A
解析：based on為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)，在句中做后置定語(yǔ)修飾a film。
3．(2010?山東濰坊質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè))It could be judged from her eyes ______ she was very satisfied with her performance.
A．what B．which C．that D．where
答案：C
解析：考查名詞性從句。語(yǔ)意為：她對(duì)她的表現(xiàn)很滿意，這可以從她的眼睛里判斷出來(lái)。It是形式主語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的主句。
4．The money collected should be made good use ______ the people in Sichuan Province who suffered a lot in the earthquake.
A．of helping B．to help C．to helping D．of to help
答案：D
解析：make (good) use of“(好好)利用”，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)時(shí)態(tài)即be made use of；句中to help the people...為不定式做目的狀語(yǔ)。
5．During the flight to the Moon, Chang’e I Satellite ______ adjusts her direction so that she can go into her programmed orbit and then circle around it at the most appropriate angle(角度)．
A．eventually B．gradually C．constantly D．continuously
答案：B
解析：考查副詞詞義辨析。句意為：在飛往月球的途中，嫦娥一號(hào)衛(wèi)星逐漸調(diào)整她的方向以便能進(jìn)入預(yù)定的軌道并以合適的角度繞其運(yùn)行。A.最終；B.逐漸地；C.不斷地；D.繼續(xù)地。
6．I’m Chinese and I do feel ______ Chinese language is ______ most beautiful language. What’s your opinion?
A．the; a B．/; the C．the; / D．/; a
答案：A
