廣東省2024屆高考英語新課標三輪總復習課件：語法講練（北師大版）第1講主謂一致

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　　②主謂一致遵守的“承前原則”句型中，謂語動詞的單復數形式由遠離謂語動詞的名詞確定。此類句式有：A with B…/A along with B…/A together with B…/ A as well as B…/A including B…/A except/(but) B…謂語動詞的單復數形式由遠離謂語動詞的名詞A確定。

　?、踑ll, some, the rest of…分數/百分數等作主語，謂語動詞的單復數根據實際意義確定。all指物，表示“一切”時，謂語用單數，指人時謂語用復數。

　　④集合名詞作主語強調整體，謂語用單數。強調成員，謂語用復數。如： My family were watching TV when the electricity was cut off。

　　2．確定謂語動詞的單復數形式還有以下幾種情況：

　?、俨豢蓴得~作主語，謂語用單數形式。

　　②and連接的兩個名詞表達同一概念，謂語用單數形式。這類名詞如 knife and fork(刀叉)；bread and butter(黃油面包), horse and cart(馬車)等。

　?、蹌用~短語作主語，謂語通常用單數形式。

　　4 從句作主語，謂語通常用單數形式。

　　④當every A and every B/each A and each B/ no A and no B/ many a A and many a B作主語時，謂語用單數。

　?、軲any a ＋單數名詞作主語，謂語用單數。

　?、轒ore than one ＋單數名詞作主語，謂語用單數。

　　⑦One and a half ＋復數名詞作主語，謂語用單數。

　　⑧表語前置，主語在后，謂語單復數與主語一致。

　?、徇M行時中的現在分詞提前，主語在后，謂語單復數與主語一致。

　　第1講　主謂一致

　　什么叫主謂一致

　　寫出括號中動詞的適當形式

　　1. I __________(be) the ninth letter of the alphabet.

　　是字母表中第9個字母。

　　2. Both the touch-me-not and the forget-me-not __________(be) plants.

　　含羞草和勿忘我都是植物。 is　

　　are

　　3. Attitude __________(decide) everything.

　　態度決定一切。

　　4. Opinions about whether to go into details about the issue__________(vary) from person to person.

　　關于是否深入問題的細節這個問題，觀點因人而異。 decides　

　　vary

　　句子中謂語動詞和主語在人稱和數上的統一性叫主謂一致。

　　能否將主謂一致理解為“主語是復數形式則謂語用復數，主語是單數形式則謂語用單數”？

　　翻譯下列句子，標出句中的主語和謂語動詞

　　1. 書籍是人類的好朋友。 2

　　【答案】Books主

　　are謂 good friends to man

　　2. 一個流浪漢躺在公園的長凳上，雙手抖個不停。 2 【答案】 A_homeless_man主 was_lying_on謂 the bench in the park, with both his hands trembling.

　　3. 許多抽煙者把醫生的忠告當耳邊風。【答案】 Many_a_smoker主 turns_a_deaf_ear_to謂 the doctor's advice.

　　4. 當時一千英鎊是一大筆錢。 2 【答案】 One_thousand_pounds主 was謂 quite a big sum of money at that time.

　　5. 羊主要吃草。【答案】 Sheep主 feed謂 on grass.

　　主語是復數形式，謂語不一定用復數(如例句4)；主語是單數形式謂語也不一定用單數(如例句5)。

　　觀察每組句子中謂語動詞單復數形式與主語的關系，嘗試找出其中的規律

　　1. (1) Birds of a feather flock together. 物以類聚。

　　(2) Every dog has his day. 人人皆有得意時。

　　　2. (1) The wounded need medicine and food.

　　傷員們需要藥品和食物。

　　(2) The wounded is his cousin.

　　那個傷員是他的表弟。主謂一致有什么原則？ 3

　　3. (1) Not only Beijing but also other cities in China have taken on a new look.

　　不僅北京而且中國其他城市的面貌也煥然一新。

　　(2) Not human resources but the system counts. 不是人力資源而是制度起決定作用。　

　　4. (1) English as well as other languages has its own rules.

　　同其他語言一樣，英語也有其自身特點。 3

　　(2) There is only one teacher and twenty-six students in this remote school.

　　這所偏遠的學校有一個老師和26個學生。

　　主謂一致原則有：

　　1. 語法一致原則。即主語為單數形式，謂語動詞用單數形式。主語為復數形式，謂語動詞用復數形式(如例句1)。

　　2. 意義一致原則。即謂語動詞的單復數形式由主語表達的實際意義決定。同樣形式的主語含義不同時，謂語單復數形式有變化(如例句2)。

　　3. 就近原則。即謂語動詞的單復數形式由靠近謂語動詞的名詞確定(如例句3)。

　　4. 承前原則。即謂語動詞的單復數形式由遠離謂語動詞的名詞確定(如例句4) 4

　　完成下列句子，注意謂語動詞的形式　

　　1. The problem __________(need) further discussion and we'll discuss it next Wednesday.

　　2. All the employees in this joint venture______________(pay) by the job.　

　　3. Oil __________(be) to industry what blood is to the body. 謂語動詞單復數形式怎樣確定？ needs　

　　are /were paid　

　　is　 4

　　4. The doctor and teacher __________(speak) good English thanks to having lived abroad for years. 　5. Growing vegetables __________(need) constant watering. 　 6.

　　To be a pilot __________(be) his dream. 　7. When he will be set free from the prison __________(remain) a big problem. 　 8.Neither the hostess nor her children__________(like) hot food, so please don't add pepper. speaks

　　is/was

　　needs

　　remains 　

　　9. Look! The mother cat with all her babies__________(run) after a mouse.

　　10. Since all __________(be) ready and all of us __________(be) here, let's begin our meeting.

　　11. Each book and each dictionary here_____________(publish) by BNUP last year.

　　12. Many a visitor __________(have) such an experience so far. are running　

　　are

　　is was published　

　　has had 4

　　13. More than one person__________(charge) with theft the other day.

　　14. One and a half buildings__________(burn) in the big fire last night.

　　15. His family __________(be) very large.

　　16. Gone __________(be) the days when teachers were looked down upon.

　　was charged　

　　was burnt　

　　are 4

　　17. Growing in the field __________(be) green crops. What a beautiful scenery!

　　18. There __________(be) no reply from the company in charge up to now. are　

　　has been

　　1．謂語動詞的單復數形式一般是根據主謂一致的原則來確定：

　?、僦髦^一致遵守的“就近原則”句型中，謂語動詞的單復數形式由靠近謂語動詞的名詞確定。此類句式有：Neither A nor B…/Either A or B… / Whether A or B… /Not only A but also B … /A or B… /Not A but B …/There be A and B。謂語動詞的單復數形式由靠近謂語動詞的名詞B確定。 4

　?、谥髦^一致遵守的“承前原則”句型中，謂語動詞的單復數形式由遠離謂語動詞的名詞確定。此類句式有：A with B…/A along with B…/A together with B…/ A as well as B…/A including B…/A except/(but) B…謂語動詞的單復數形式由遠離謂語動詞的名詞A確定。