高考英語第二輪語法專題復(fù)習(xí)教案一:冠詞

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        高考英語第二輪語法專題復(fù)習(xí)教案一:冠詞

          高考英語第二輪語法專題復(fù)習(xí)一

          冠詞The Article

          知識要點:

          冠詞是一種虛詞,放在名詞的前面,幫助說明名詞的含義。冠詞分不定冠詞(The Indefinite Article)和定冠詞(The definite Article)兩種。a (an) 是不定冠詞,a用在輔音之前:如a book, a man; an用在元音之前,如:an old man, an hour, an interesting

          book等。the是定冠詞。

          一、不定冠詞的用法

          1、指人或事物的某一種類(泛指)。這是不定冠詞a (an)的基本用法。如:She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple.

          2、指某人或某物,但不具體說明何人或何物。如:He borrowed a story-book from the library.

          A Li is looking for you. 一位姓李的同志正在找你。

          3、表示數(shù)量,有“一”的意思,但數(shù)的概念沒有one強烈。如:

          I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes.

          4、用于某些固定詞組中。如:

          a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time等。

          5、用在抽象名詞前,表具體的介紹——a + 抽象名詞,起具體化的作用。如:

          This little girl is a joy to her parents. 這女孩對她父母來說是一個樂趣。

          It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交談?wù)媸且患淇斓氖虑椤?/p>

          It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 參加這個會,對我來說是一種榮譽。

          二、定冠詞的用法:

          1、特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。這是定冠詞the的基本用法。如:

          Beijing is the capital of China.

          The pen on the desk is mine.

          2、指談話雙方都知道的人或事物。如:

          Where is the teacher?

          Open the window, please.

          3、指上文提過的人或事物(第二次出現(xiàn))。如:

          There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms.

          The baby was thin.

          4、用在世界上獨一無二的事物前。如:

          the earth, the moon, the sun.

          5、用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級前。(副詞最高級前的定冠詞可省略)如:

          He is always the first to come to school.

          Bob is the tallest in his class.

          6、用在某些專有名詞前(由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專用名詞)。如:

          the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Science Museum, the Children’s Palace, the Party等。

          7、用在一些習(xí)慣用語中。如:

          on the day, in the morning (afternoon, evening), the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday, the next year, by the way等。

          8、用在江河湖海、山脈前。如:

          the Yellow River, the Pacific Ocean, the Alps, the Himalayas

          9、用在報刊、雜志前。如:

          the People’s Daily, the Evening Paper, the Times 泰晤士報。

          10、表示某一家人要加定冠詞。如:

          The Browns are at home to receive visitors today. 布朗一家今天要接待客人。

          11、用在形容詞前,表某一類人。如:

          the poor, the wounded, the living, the dead, the rich, the sick等。

          12、定冠詞可以表示一事物內(nèi)部的某處。如:

          The driver always sits in the front of the bus(car).

          三、零冠詞(即不用冠詞):

          1、專用名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前。如:

          China, America, Grade One, Class Two, milk, oil, water, paper, science等。

          2、名詞前已有作定語用的this, that, my, your, some, any等代詞。如:

          Go down this street.

          3、復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人或事物時。如:

          We are students.

          I like reading stories.

          4、節(jié)日、日期、月份、季節(jié)前。如:

          Teachers’ Day, Children’s Day, National Day, in summer, in July等。

          Today is New Year’s Day.

          It is Sunday.

          March 8 is Women’s Day.

          5、在稱呼語或表示頭銜的名詞前,尤其作表語、賓補時。如:

          What’s the matter, Granny?

          We elected him monitor.

          6、在某些習(xí)慣用語中的名詞前。如:

          at noon, at night, at first, at last, at most, at least, by bus(train, air, sea), in bed, in time, in front of, go to school, go to bed, go to college, on foot, at table, in ink, in pencil等。

          7、在三餐飯和球類運動前。如:

          She goes to school after breakfast every morning.

          We are going to play football.

          We usually have lunch at school.

          8、科目前不加。如:

          We learn Chinese, maths, English and some other subjects.

          【專項訓(xùn)練】:

          1、 We can’t live withoutair.

          A.a(chǎn)n

          B.×

          C.the

          D.some

          2、——Have you seenpen? I left it here this morning.

          ——Is itblack one? I think I saw it somewhere.

          A.a(chǎn); the

          B.the; the

          C.the; a

          D.a(chǎn); a

          3、I’ve been waiting for him forhour andhalf.

          A.×; ×

          B.the; a

          C.a(chǎn); the

          D.a(chǎn)n; a

          4、Whatfine weather we have today!

          A.a(chǎn)

          B.×

          C.some

          D.a(chǎn)n

          5、Have you ever seenas tall as this one?

          A.a(chǎn) tree

          B.such tree

          C.a(chǎn)n tree

          D.tree

          6、Children usually go toschool atage of six.

          A.×; the

          B.a(chǎn); an

          C.the; ×

          D.the; the

          7、Himalayas ishighest mountain inworld.

          A.×; the;×

          B.The; the; the

          C.A; a; a

          D.×;×;×

          8、They each have__book. Li Hua’s is aboutwriter. Wang Lin’s is on science.

          A.a(chǎn); a; ×

          B.the; ×; the

          C.×; the; ×

          D.a(chǎn); the; a

          9、Physics isscience of matter and energy.

          A.The; ×

          B.×; ×

          C.×; the

          D.A; a

          10、sun rises ineast and sets inwest.

          A.A; an; a

          B.The;×;×

          C.The; the; the

          D.A; the; a

          11、Many people agree that__knowledge of English is a must ininternational trade today.

          A.a(chǎn);×

          B.the; an

          C.the; the

          D.×; the

          12、__Mr Jones called while you were out (neither of us knows this man). He was in bad

          temper.A.×;a

          B.A;×

          C.The; the

          D.A; a

          13、They were atdinner then. It wasdelicous one.

          A.a(chǎn); the

          B.×;×

          C.×;a

          D.a(chǎn); a

          14、what kind of car do you want to buy?

          A.×

          B.the

          C.a(chǎn)

          D.a(chǎn)n

          15、Alice is fond of playingpiano while Henry is interested in listening tomusic.

          A.×; the

          B.×;×

          C.the; ×

          D.the; the

          16、Beyondstars, the astronaut saw nothing butspace.

          A.the; ×

          B.×; the

          C.×;×

          D.the; the

          17、Alexander Graham Bell inventedtelephone in 1876.

          A.×

          B.a(chǎn)

          C.the

          D.one

          18、——Where’s Jack?

          ——I think he’s still inbed, but he might just be inbathroom.

          A.×;×

          B.the; the

          C.the; ×

          D.×; the

          19、Many people are still inhabit of writing silly things inpublic places.

          A.the; the

          B.×;×

          C.the; ×

          D.×; the

          20、——I’d likeinformation about the management of your hotel, please.

          ——Well, you could haveword with the manager. He might be helpful.

          A.some; a

          B.a(chǎn)n; some

          C.some; some

          D.a(chǎn)n; a

          【答案】:

          1、B

          air是不可數(shù)名詞。

          2、D

          此題為97年高考題。根據(jù)句意,第一空是泛指,第一次出現(xiàn);第二空仍是泛指,且表數(shù)量“-”。

          3、D

          元音前用an。

          4、B

          weather是不可數(shù)名詞。

          5、A

          此題為85年高考題。泛指。

          6、A

          go to school是固定短語。

          7、B

          山脈、形容詞最高級及世界上的唯一的名詞前加定冠詞。

          8、A

          第一、二空泛指,第三空,science是不可數(shù)名詞。

          9、C

          第一空,科目前不加冠詞;第二空特指,有定語。

          10、C

          11、A

          第一空,a + 不可數(shù)名詞表具體的介紹;第二空,trade不可數(shù)。

          12、D

          第一空是指有一位瓊斯先生在您不在的時候來訪。(括號里說明,我們倆都不認(rèn)識這個人,因此不是特指。)第二空是固定短語,情緒不好。

          13、C

          第一空at dinner正在吃飯,固定短語。

          14、A

          泛指

          15、C

          此題是89年高考題:樂器前加定冠詞;music是不可數(shù)名詞。

          16、A

          此題是90年高考題:stars前應(yīng)加定冠詞;space不可數(shù)。

          17、C

          此題是91年高考題:發(fā)明應(yīng)是特指。

          18、D

          此題是92年高考題。in bed是固定短語,不加冠詞。

          19、C

          此題是93年高考題。第一空后有定語,固是特指。第二空, public places,公共場所,泛指。

          20、A

          此題是95年高考題。information是不可數(shù)名詞;have a word with sb.是固定短語。

          高考英語第二輪語法專題復(fù)習(xí)一

          冠詞The Article

          知識要點:

          冠詞是一種虛詞,放在名詞的前面,幫助說明名詞的含義。冠詞分不定冠詞(The Indefinite Article)和定冠詞(The definite Article)兩種。a (an) 是不定冠詞,a用在輔音之前:如a book, a man; an用在元音之前,如:an old man, an hour, an interesting

          book等。the是定冠詞。

          一、不定冠詞的用法

          1、指人或事物的某一種類(泛指)。這是不定冠詞a (an)的基本用法。如:She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple.

          2、指某人或某物,但不具體說明何人或何物。如:He borrowed a story-book from the library.

          A Li is looking for you. 一位姓李的同志正在找你。

          3、表示數(shù)量,有“一”的意思,但數(shù)的概念沒有one強烈。如:

          I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes.

          4、用于某些固定詞組中。如:

          a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time等。

          5、用在抽象名詞前,表具體的介紹——a + 抽象名詞,起具體化的作用。如:

          This little girl is a joy to her parents. 這女孩對她父母來說是一個樂趣。

          It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交談?wù)媸且患淇斓氖虑椤?/p>

          It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 參加這個會,對我來說是一種榮譽。

          二、定冠詞的用法:

          1、特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。這是定冠詞the的基本用法。如:

          Beijing is the capital of China.

          The pen on the desk is mine.

          2、指談話雙方都知道的人或事物。如:

          Where is the teacher?

          Open the window, please.

          3、指上文提過的人或事物(第二次出現(xiàn))。如:

          There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms.

          The baby was thin.

          4、用在世界上獨一無二的事物前。如:

          the earth, the moon, the sun.

          5、用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級前。(副詞最高級前的定冠詞可省略)如:

          He is always the first to come to school.

          Bob is the tallest in his class.

          6、用在某些專有名詞前(由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專用名詞)。如:

          the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Science Museum, the Children’s Palace, the Party等。

          7、用在一些習(xí)慣用語中。如:

          on the day, in the morning (afternoon, evening), the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday, the next year, by the way等。

          8、用在江河湖海、山脈前。如:

          the Yellow River, the Pacific Ocean, the Alps, the Himalayas

          9、用在報刊、雜志前。如:

          the People’s Daily, the Evening Paper, the Times 泰晤士報。

          10、表示某一家人要加定冠詞。如:

          The Browns are at home to receive visitors today. 布朗一家今天要接待客人。

          11、用在形容詞前,表某一類人。如:

          the poor, the wounded, the living, the dead, the rich, the sick等。

          12、定冠詞可以表示一事物內(nèi)部的某處。如:

          The driver always sits in the front of the bus(car).

          三、零冠詞(即不用冠詞):

          1、專用名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前。如:

          China, America, Grade One, Class Two, milk, oil, water, paper, science等。

          2、名詞前已有作定語用的this, that, my, your, some, any等代詞。如:

          Go down this street.

          3、復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人或事物時。如:

          We are students.

          I like reading stories.

          4、節(jié)日、日期、月份、季節(jié)前。如:

          Teachers’ Day, Children’s Day, National Day, in summer, in July等。

          Today is New Year’s Day.

          It is Sunday.

          March 8 is Women’s Day.

          5、在稱呼語或表示頭銜的名詞前,尤其作表語、賓補時。如:

          What’s the matter, Granny?

          We elected him monitor.

          6、在某些習(xí)慣用語中的名詞前。如:

          at noon, at night, at first, at last, at most, at least, by bus(train, air, sea), in bed, in time, in front of, go to school, go to bed, go to college, on foot, at table, in ink, in pencil等。

          7、在三餐飯和球類運動前。如:

          She goes to school after breakfast every morning.

          We are going to play football.

          We usually have lunch at school.

          8、科目前不加。如:

          We learn Chinese, maths, English and some other subjects.

          【專項訓(xùn)練】:

          1、 We can’t live withoutair.

          A.a(chǎn)n

          B.×

          C.the

          D.some

          2、——Have you seenpen? I left it here this morning.

          ——Is itblack one? I think I saw it somewhere.

          A.a(chǎn); the

          B.the; the

          C.the; a

          D.a(chǎn); a

          3、I’ve been waiting for him forhour andhalf.

          A.×; ×

          B.the; a

          C.a(chǎn); the

          D.a(chǎn)n; a

          4、Whatfine weather we have today!

          A.a(chǎn)

          B.×

          C.some

          D.a(chǎn)n

          5、Have you ever seenas tall as this one?

          A.a(chǎn) tree

          B.such tree

          C.a(chǎn)n tree

          D.tree

          6、Children usually go toschool atage of six.

          A.×; the

          B.a(chǎn); an

          C.the; ×

          D.the; the

          7、Himalayas ishighest mountain inworld.

          A.×; the;×

          B.The; the; the

          C.A; a; a

          D.×;×;×

          8、They each have__book. Li Hua’s is aboutwriter. Wang Lin’s is on science.

          A.a(chǎn); a; ×

          B.the; ×; the

          C.×; the; ×

          D.a(chǎn); the; a

          9、Physics isscience of matter and energy.

          A.The; ×

          B.×; ×

          C.×; the

          D.A; a

          10、sun rises ineast and sets inwest.

          A.A; an; a

          B.The;×;×

          C.The; the; the

          D.A; the; a

          11、Many people agree that__knowledge of English is a must ininternational trade today.

          A.a(chǎn);×

          B.the; an

          C.the; the

          D.×; the

          12、__Mr Jones called while you were out (neither of us knows this man). He was in bad

          temper.A.×;a

          B.A;×

          C.The; the

          D.A; a

          13、They were atdinner then. It wasdelicous one.

          A.a(chǎn); the

          B.×;×

          C.×;a

          D.a(chǎn); a

          14、what kind of car do you want to buy?

          A.×

          B.the

          C.a(chǎn)

          D.a(chǎn)n

          15、Alice is fond of playingpiano while Henry is interested in listening tomusic.

          A.×; the

          B.×;×

          C.the; ×

          D.the; the

          16、Beyondstars, the astronaut saw nothing butspace.

          A.the; ×

          B.×; the

          C.×;×

          D.the; the

          17、Alexander Graham Bell inventedtelephone in 1876.

          A.×

          B.a(chǎn)

          C.the

          D.one

          18、——Where’s Jack?

          ——I think he’s still inbed, but he might just be inbathroom.

          A.×;×

          B.the; the

          C.the; ×

          D.×; the

          19、Many people are still inhabit of writing silly things inpublic places.

          A.the; the

          B.×;×

          C.the; ×

          D.×; the

          20、——I’d likeinformation about the management of your hotel, please.

          ——Well, you could haveword with the manager. He might be helpful.

          A.some; a

          B.a(chǎn)n; some

          C.some; some

          D.a(chǎn)n; a

          【答案】:

          1、B

          air是不可數(shù)名詞。

          2、D

          此題為97年高考題。根據(jù)句意,第一空是泛指,第一次出現(xiàn);第二空仍是泛指,且表數(shù)量“-”。

          3、D

          元音前用an。

          4、B

          weather是不可數(shù)名詞。

          5、A

          此題為85年高考題。泛指。

          6、A

          go to school是固定短語。

          7、B

          山脈、形容詞最高級及世界上的唯一的名詞前加定冠詞。

          8、A

          第一、二空泛指,第三空,science是不可數(shù)名詞。

          9、C

          第一空,科目前不加冠詞;第二空特指,有定語。

          10、C

          11、A

          第一空,a + 不可數(shù)名詞表具體的介紹;第二空,trade不可數(shù)。

          12、D

          第一空是指有一位瓊斯先生在您不在的時候來訪。(括號里說明,我們倆都不認(rèn)識這個人,因此不是特指。)第二空是固定短語,情緒不好。

          13、C

          第一空at dinner正在吃飯,固定短語。

          14、A

          泛指

          15、C

          此題是89年高考題:樂器前加定冠詞;music是不可數(shù)名詞。

          16、A

          此題是90年高考題:stars前應(yīng)加定冠詞;space不可數(shù)。

          17、C

          此題是91年高考題:發(fā)明應(yīng)是特指。

          18、D

          此題是92年高考題。in bed是固定短語,不加冠詞。

          19、C

          此題是93年高考題。第一空后有定語,固是特指。第二空, public places,公共場所,泛指。

          20、A

          此題是95年高考題。information是不可數(shù)名詞;have a word with sb.是固定短語。

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