高考英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)鞏固練習(xí)12（人教版必修2）
漢英翻譯
1.散發(fā)熱量
答案:give off heat
2.依靠
答案:depend on
3.使……保持穩(wěn)定
答案:keep...steady
4.形成獨(dú)特的環(huán)境
答案:create a unique environment
5.范圍從……一直到……
答案:range from...all the way to...
6.也就是說
答案:that is
7.毀壞;出毛病;受挫
答案:break down
8.對(duì)……有效;對(duì)……有用
答案:become available to...
9.利用
答案:take advantage of
10.起作用，生效
答案:do the work
11.以……來計(jì)算
答案:be measured in
12.各種各樣的
答案:a variety of
13.對(duì)……有貢獻(xiàn);有助于
答案:contribute to...
單項(xiàng)填空
1.It is generally believed that honesty and hard work
to success and happiness.
A.contribute
B.benefit
C.protect
D.good
解析:contribute to為固定詞組,表示“有助于,對(duì)……有貢獻(xiàn)”。benefit作動(dòng)詞時(shí)常與from,by連用，意為“獲益，得益于”。
答案:A
2.According to the scientist,this program has only been intended for children
from 8 to 15.
A.ranged
B.ranging
C.having ranged
D.to range
解析:range在句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾children,與其構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,因此用現(xiàn)在分詞ranging。
答案:B
3.There
about five million species in the oceans and we have yet to learn much about them.
A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
解析:there be句型應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)后面的名詞確定單復(fù)數(shù)形式。
答案:B
4.As we know,plastic is more harmful to the environment in that it won’t
in more than one hundred years.
A.get rid of
B.break down
C.get away
D.break out
解析:break down 在句中表示“分解”。get rid of意為“除去，擺脫”，get away意為“逃脫，離開，把……送走”，break out意為“突發(fā)，爆發(fā)”。
答案:B
5.The teacher asked a difficult question,but Ted,finally,managed to
a good answer.
A.put up with
B.keep up with C.come up with D.go through with
解析：come up with意為“提出，提供，想出”。keep up with意為“跟上”,put up with意為“忍受，容忍”，go through with 意為“完成，把……進(jìn)行到底”，均與句意不符。答案:C
6.We regret to inform you that there are no tickets
for Friday’s performance.
A.available
B.spare
C.convenient
D.affordable
解析：句意為“星期五演出的票沒有了”，available意為“可提供的，可得到的”，常作后置定語(yǔ)。
答案:A
7.Some plants are very
to light;they prefer the shade.
A.sensible
B.sensitive
C.suitable
D.acceptable
解析：be sensitive to意為“對(duì)……反應(yīng)敏感”。sensible意為“明智的”，suitable意為“適當(dāng)?shù)模嗯涞摹盿cceptable意為“可接受的”。
答案:B
8.I have to keep you waiting,because there are three days
to go until my vacation.
A.already
B.just
C.yet
D.ever
解析：yet用于肯定句時(shí)，可作“仍然，還有”解。
答案:C
9.—Where was it
the road accident happened yesterday?
—In front of the market.
A.when
B.that
C.which
D.how
解析：本句為it was...that...強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問詞形式，基本句型為“特殊疑問詞＋is/was+it+that+句子其它成分？”。
答案:B
10.Water is actually quite simple,but the way
the water molecule is formed gives water its unique properties.
A.how
B.where
C.that
D.when
解析：way后面是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)詞通常用in which或that。
答案:C
11.Monaco is mainly
two cities,Monaco,where the palace for the Prince stands,and Monte Carlo,which is a wonderful place for visitors.
A.made up of
B.made out of
C.made from
D.made into
解析：be made up of“由……組成”。
答案:A
12.These animals are all used to their environment;
,they have learned how to live successfully in their habitat.
A.for example
B.what’s more
C.that is
D.or rather
解析：for example意為“例如”,what’s more意為“此外，而且”，that is意為“也就是說”，or rather意為“更確切地說”。
答案:C
13.—How did James escape from the prison?
—Oh,you know,he always managed
out of a tight situation.
A.to get
B.getting
C.to have got
D.in getting
解析：manage to do sth.意為“設(shè)法做了某事，成功地做了某事”。
答案:A
14.This is your last chance.You may as well
full advantage of it.
A.make
B.get
C.take
D.have
解析：take advantage of為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“利用，使用”。
答案:C
15.The nutrients in
falls into the ocean will quickly become available to other living creatures.
A.whichever
B.that
C.whatever
D.wherever
解析：whatever引導(dǎo)名詞性從句作介詞in的賓語(yǔ)。
答案:C
介詞、副詞填空
1.Life
our planet is thought to have begun
the deep blue oceans.
答案:on;in
2.The chemical structure
water also makes it different
almost everything else
earth.
答案:of;from;on
3.
all the resources on earth,nothing is
precious
a drop of rain.
答案:Of;as;as
4.The nutrients in whatever falls
the ocean quickly become
available
otherliving creatures.
答案:into；to
5.It is certain that estuaries contribute much
the economy
tourism and fishing.
答案:to;through
6.The circulation of water adds energy
the marine ecosystems and moves nutrients
.
答案:to；around
7.Many cities are built
estuaries and a lot of fish is caught
estuaries.
答案:near;in
8.The second zone starts
200 meters and goes down
about 1000 meters.
答案:at；to
9.Water is a liquid at room temperature,but it turns into a solid when the temperature drops
0℃ and into a gas when heated
100℃.
答案:below；above
10.Who benefits
using water
this way?
答案:from；in
句型轉(zhuǎn)換
完成B句，使其與A句意思相同或相近。（每空一詞）
1.A.Unfortunately,this function also makes estuaries very sensitive to environmental pollution.
B.
this function also makes estuaries very sensitive
to environmental pollution.
答案:It is unfortunate that
2.A.The nutrients in whatever falls into the ocean quickly become available to other living creatures.
B.The nutrients in
falls into the ocean quickly become available to other living creatures.
答案:anything that
3.A.Water is different from almost all other substances on earth because of its chemical structure.
B.The chemical structure of water
from almost all other substances on earth.
答案:makes it different
4.A.Even though the pure water is something that gives sea water its main properties,the salinity of sea water affects both its weight and freezing point.
B.Even though the pure water is
gives sea water its main properties,the salinity of sea water has
both its weight and freezing point.
答案:what;effect on
5.A.If a substance has a higher density,say 5000 kg/m3,it will not float on water.
B.If a substance has a higher density,
,5000 kg/m 3,it will not float on water.
答案:for instance/example
短語(yǔ)填空
give off call in a variety of benefit from all the way take advantage of contribute to
made up of sensitive to range in
1.Society is made up of
people;some are good,others (are) bad,and still others (are) in between.
答案:a variety of
2.The situation at that time was such that the local government had to
the army to protect their safety.
答案:call in
3.Don’t lend them the car—they’re
you!
答案:taking advantage of
4.Try not to breathe in the gas
by the paint;it’s very poisonous.
答案:given off
5.The belief that nations will
acting independently rather than collectively,emphasizing national rather than international goals.
答案:benefit from
6.This little girl has traveled
from Liverpool to sing to us tonight.So let’s all give her a big hand.
答案:all the way
7.Take it easy!Pressure
many-illnesses.
答案:contributes to
8.The committee is
represent-atives from every state.
答案:made up of
9.—My teeth are really
hot and cold.
—You have to see a dentist.
答案:sensitive to
10.The shoes are expensive;they
price from $100 to $500.
答案:range in
單句改錯(cuò)
下列句子均有一處錯(cuò)誤（或多一詞；或缺一詞；或錯(cuò)一詞），請(qǐng)找出并加以改正。
1.Try to think of ways why the factory may benefit the village.
答案:去掉why
2.Take advantage of the reform and opening up to the outside world,the economy in China has developed strongly.
答案:Take→Taking
3.The nutrients in whatever falling into the ocean will quickly become available to other living creatures.
答案:falling→falls
4.At night,plants take oxygen and give off carbon dioxide.
答案:take后面加in
5.Heat capacity is the amount of energy that takes to raise the temperature of a substance one degree centigrade.
答案:that→it或that后加it
6.Both man and nature will benefit from good relationship with each other.
答案:good前面加a
7.The creatures on the ocean floor manage to survive without sunlight and getting energy from other sources.
答案:getting→get
8.This mixing of fresh and salt water creates a unique environment is filled with life of all kinds.
答案:去掉is
9.Here,animals can enjoy all the benefits of the oceans without having to face much of its dangers.
答案:much→many
10.Since estuaries protect animals and plants and prevent erosion,protect them is very important.
答案:第二個(gè)protect→protecting
漢英翻譯
1.散發(fā)熱量
答案:give off heat
2.依靠
答案:depend on
3.使……保持穩(wěn)定
答案:keep...steady
4.形成獨(dú)特的環(huán)境
答案:create a unique environment
5.范圍從……一直到……
答案:range from...all the way to...
6.也就是說
答案:that is
7.毀壞;出毛病;受挫
答案:break down
8.對(duì)……有效;對(duì)……有用
答案:become available to...
9.利用
答案:take advantage of
10.起作用，生效
答案:do the work
11.以……來計(jì)算
答案:be measured in
12.各種各樣的
答案:a variety of
13.對(duì)……有貢獻(xiàn);有助于
答案:contribute to...
單項(xiàng)填空
1.It is generally believed that honesty and hard work
to success and happiness.
A.contribute
B.benefit
C.protect
D.good
解析:contribute to為固定詞組,表示“有助于,對(duì)……有貢獻(xiàn)”。benefit作動(dòng)詞時(shí)常與from,by連用，意為“獲益，得益于”。
答案:A
2.According to the scientist,this program has only been intended for children
from 8 to 15.
A.ranged
B.ranging
C.having ranged
D.to range
解析:range在句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾children,與其構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,因此用現(xiàn)在分詞ranging。
答案:B
3.There
about five million species in the oceans and we have yet to learn much about them.
A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
解析:there be句型應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)后面的名詞確定單復(fù)數(shù)形式。
答案:B
4.As we know,plastic is more harmful to the environment in that it won’t
in more than one hundred years.
A.get rid of
B.break down
C.get away
D.break out
解析:break down 在句中表示“分解”。get rid of意為“除去，擺脫”，get away意為“逃脫，離開，把……送走”，break out意為“突發(fā)，爆發(fā)”。
答案:B
5.The teacher asked a difficult question,but Ted,finally,managed to
a good answer.
A.put up with
B.keep up with C.come up with D.go through with
解析：come up with意為“提出，提供，想出”。keep up with意為“跟上”,put up with意為“忍受，容忍”，go through with 意為“完成，把……進(jìn)行到底”，均與句意不符。答案:C
6.We regret to inform you that there are no tickets
for Friday’s performance.
A.available
B.spare
C.convenient
D.affordable
解析：句意為“星期五演出的票沒有了”，available意為“可提供的，可得到的”，常作后置定語(yǔ)。
答案:A
7.Some plants are very
to light;they prefer the shade.
A.sensible
B.sensitive
C.suitable
D.acceptable
解析：be sensitive to意為“對(duì)……反應(yīng)敏感”。sensible意為“明智的”，suitable意為“適當(dāng)?shù)模嗯涞摹盿cceptable意為“可接受的”。
答案:B
8.I have to keep you waiting,because there are three days
to go until my vacation.
A.already
B.just
C.yet
D.ever
解析：yet用于肯定句時(shí)，可作“仍然，還有”解。
答案:C
9.—Where was it
the road accident happened yesterday?
—In front of the market.
A.when
B.that
C.which
D.how
解析：本句為it was...that...強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問詞形式，基本句型為“特殊疑問詞＋is/was+it+that+句子其它成分？”。
答案:B
10.Water is actually quite simple,but the way
the water molecule is formed gives water its unique properties.
A.how
B.where
C.that
D.when
解析：way后面是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)詞通常用in which或that。
答案:C
11.Monaco is mainly
two cities,Monaco,where the palace for the Prince stands,and Monte Carlo,which is a wonderful place for visitors.
A.made up of
B.made out of
C.made from
D.made into
解析：be made up of“由……組成”。
答案:A
12.These animals are all used to their environment;
,they have learned how to live successfully in their habitat.
A.for example
B.what’s more
C.that is
D.or rather
解析：for example意為“例如”,what’s more意為“此外，而且”，that is意為“也就是說”，or rather意為“更確切地說”。
答案:C
13.—How did James escape from the prison?
—Oh,you know,he always managed
out of a tight situation.
A.to get
B.getting
C.to have got
D.in getting
解析：manage to do sth.意為“設(shè)法做了某事，成功地做了某事”。
答案:A
14.This is your last chance.You may as well
full advantage of it.
A.make
B.get
C.take
D.have
解析：take advantage of為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“利用，使用”。
答案:C
15.The nutrients in
falls into the ocean will quickly become available to other living creatures.
A.whichever
B.that
C.whatever
D.wherever
解析：whatever引導(dǎo)名詞性從句作介詞in的賓語(yǔ)。
答案:C
介詞、副詞填空
1.Life
our planet is thought to have begun
the deep blue oceans.
答案:on;in
2.The chemical structure
water also makes it different
almost everything else
earth.
答案:of;from;on
3.
all the resources on earth,nothing is
precious
a drop of rain.
答案:Of;as;as
4.The nutrients in whatever falls
the ocean quickly become
available
otherliving creatures.
答案:into；to
5.It is certain that estuaries contribute much
the economy
tourism and fishing.
答案:to;through
6.The circulation of water adds energy
the marine ecosystems and moves nutrients
.
答案:to；around
7.Many cities are built
estuaries and a lot of fish is caught
estuaries.
答案:near;in
8.The second zone starts
200 meters and goes down
about 1000 meters.
答案:at；to
9.Water is a liquid at room temperature,but it turns into a solid when the temperature drops
0℃ and into a gas when heated
100℃.
答案:below；above
10.Who benefits
using water
this way?
答案:from；in
句型轉(zhuǎn)換
完成B句，使其與A句意思相同或相近。（每空一詞）
1.A.Unfortunately,this function also makes estuaries very sensitive to environmental pollution.
B.
this function also makes estuaries very sensitive
to environmental pollution.
答案:It is unfortunate that
2.A.The nutrients in whatever falls into the ocean quickly become available to other living creatures.
B.The nutrients in
falls into the ocean quickly become available to other living creatures.
答案:anything that
3.A.Water is different from almost all other substances on earth because of its chemical structure.
B.The chemical structure of water
from almost all other substances on earth.
答案:makes it different
4.A.Even though the pure water is something that gives sea water its main properties,the salinity of sea water affects both its weight and freezing point.
B.Even though the pure water is
gives sea water its main properties,the salinity of sea water has
both its weight and freezing point.
答案:what;effect on
5.A.If a substance has a higher density,say 5000 kg/m3,it will not float on water.
B.If a substance has a higher density,
,5000 kg/m 3,it will not float on water.
答案:for instance/example
短語(yǔ)填空
give off call in a variety of benefit from all the way take advantage of contribute to
made up of sensitive to range in
1.Society is made up of
people;some are good,others (are) bad,and still others (are) in between.
答案:a variety of
2.The situation at that time was such that the local government had to
the army to protect their safety.
答案:call in
3.Don’t lend them the car—they’re
you!
答案:taking advantage of
4.Try not to breathe in the gas
by the paint;it’s very poisonous.
答案:given off
5.The belief that nations will
acting independently rather than collectively,emphasizing national rather than international goals.
答案:benefit from
6.This little girl has traveled
from Liverpool to sing to us tonight.So let’s all give her a big hand.
答案:all the way
7.Take it easy!Pressure
many-illnesses.
答案:contributes to
8.The committee is
represent-atives from every state.
答案:made up of
9.—My teeth are really
hot and cold.
—You have to see a dentist.
答案:sensitive to
10.The shoes are expensive;they
price from $100 to $500.
答案:range in
單句改錯(cuò)
下列句子均有一處錯(cuò)誤（或多一詞；或缺一詞；或錯(cuò)一詞），請(qǐng)找出并加以改正。
1.Try to think of ways why the factory may benefit the village.
答案:去掉why
2.Take advantage of the reform and opening up to the outside world,the economy in China has developed strongly.
答案:Take→Taking
3.The nutrients in whatever falling into the ocean will quickly become available to other living creatures.
答案:falling→falls
4.At night,plants take oxygen and give off carbon dioxide.
答案:take后面加in
5.Heat capacity is the amount of energy that takes to raise the temperature of a substance one degree centigrade.
答案:that→it或that后加it
6.Both man and nature will benefit from good relationship with each other.
答案:good前面加a
7.The creatures on the ocean floor manage to survive without sunlight and getting energy from other sources.
答案:getting→get
8.This mixing of fresh and salt water creates a unique environment is filled with life of all kinds.
答案:去掉is
9.Here,animals can enjoy all the benefits of the oceans without having to face much of its dangers.
答案:much→many
10.Since estuaries protect animals and plants and prevent erosion,protect them is very important.
答案:第二個(gè)protect→protecting
