高考英語(yǔ)配套教學(xué)課件《Unit 3 Science versus nature》譯林版必修5
I like everything to be in place. 我喜歡把每一件東西都放在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢谩?I used honey in place of sugar.我以蜂蜜代替糖。 Who will
Mr.White？ 誰(shuí)將代替懷特先生？ take the place of 2.All their attempts to rescue the child from the burning house
were .He died soon afterwards.
A.in place
B.in return
C.in vain
D.in order 解析：由后句的不久他死了暗示出營(yíng)救工作是徒勞的。in vain“徒勞，白費(fèi)”；in place“在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢谩保籭n return “作為回報(bào)”；in order“有序”。 答案：C
turn out結(jié)果是，結(jié)果證明；生產(chǎn)
Do not worry；all will turn out right. 別擔(dān)心，一切都會(huì)好的。 It turned out that she was a friend of my sister. 她原來(lái)是我姐姐的一個(gè)朋友。 The factory
900 cars a week. 該廠每周生產(chǎn)900輛汽車(chē)。 turns out 3.The boss believed in the method at first，but it that
it didn't work well in practice.
A.made out B.turned out
C.carried out
D.found out 解析：句意：起初老板相信這個(gè)方法，但結(jié)果在實(shí)際中并沒(méi)有奏效。It turned out that...“結(jié)果……”。make out“辨認(rèn)出，理解”；carry out“執(zhí)行，實(shí)施”；find out“查明，找出”。 答案：B
While cloning human embryos is illegal in many coun- tries，some scientists are already pushing ahead with
research so as to deliver a cloned human baby.克隆人類(lèi) 胚胎目前在很多國(guó)家屬于非法，但有些科學(xué)家已經(jīng)在 開(kāi)始加緊研究，以制造一個(gè)克隆人類(lèi)嬰兒。
(1)句中while是連詞，意為“盡管，雖然”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)
從句，此時(shí)while多位于句首。 (2)while conj.“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候，和……同時(shí)”，引導(dǎo)的從句
中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。 (3)while conj.“而，然而”，并列連詞，表示對(duì)比。 While effective treatment is available，scientists would like to find better medications.盡管我們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有了有效的治療方法，但是科學(xué)家們還在尋求更好的藥物治療。 You can go swimming while I'm playing football. 我踢足球時(shí)，你可以去游泳。 Animals survive
men live. 動(dòng)物只是生存，而人是生活。 while while，although，though，as
(1)while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，多位于句首。 (2)although與though二者可互換，且都可以與yet，still
或nevertheless連用，但不與but連用。though引導(dǎo)讓
步狀語(yǔ)從句可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，而although不可以。 (3)as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)通常用倒裝語(yǔ)序，即把表語(yǔ)、
狀語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞原形置于句首。若表語(yǔ)為單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，
則名詞前不加冠詞。 as Though it rained，he still went.盡管天下著雨，他還是去了。 Young
he is，he knows a lot.盡管年輕，他懂得很多。 In some places women are expected to earn money m- en work at home and raise their children. A.but
B.while C.because
D.though 解析：句意：在一些地方人們期望女士去掙錢(qián)，而讓男士在家勞動(dòng)并撫養(yǎng)孩子。此處的while意思是“而”，表示對(duì)比，用作并列連詞。
答案：B
Ⅰ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1.When (ask) about his family，he made no answer. 答案：asked 2.If you want to made yourself (respect)，you are
above all to respect others. 答案：respected 過(guò)去分詞
3.We only sell (use) books in our bookstore. 答案：used 4.Well (bring) up by his parents，the child learns
very fast. 答案：brought 5. (follow) by five girls，the teacher went into the
room. 答案：Followed Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空 1.The 8.8 quake in central Chile caused widespread damage，
destroying lots of buildings and hundreds of thousands of
people.
A.to affectB.affecting
C.affect
D.affected 解析：and后的句子為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，邏輯主語(yǔ)hundreds of thousands of people與動(dòng)詞affect之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞形式。 答案：D
2.Written in a hurry，.
A.they find many mistakes in the report
B.Sam made many mistakes in the report
C.there are lots of mistakes in the report
D.the report is full of spelling mistakes 解析：句中“written in a hurry”是過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，它的邏輯主語(yǔ)一般和句子的主語(yǔ)相一致。 答案：D
3. after a long walk，Kate called and said she couldn't
come to the party.
A.Worn out
B.Having worn out
C.To be worn out
D.To wear out 解析：句意：長(zhǎng)途跋涉后累垮了，Kate打電話說(shuō)她不能參加聚會(huì)了。過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于狀語(yǔ)從句As she was worn out after a long walk。 答案：A
4.This problem may lead to more serious ones if un-
solved.
A.making
B.left
C.remained
D.keeping 解析：過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，此處為省略形式，相當(dāng)于if it is left unsolved。 答案：B
5.Today even ordinary people understand that the universe is
something larger than ever before.
A.think
B.to think
C.thought
D.thinking 解析：從句子的意思和邏輯關(guān)系分析，此處用過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)，“宇宙比以前所認(rèn)為的要大”。 答案：C
6.(2010·安徽“江南十校”聯(lián)考) what would happen，
none of them could find a way out.
A.Left wondering
B.Having left wondering
C.Leaving to wonder
D.Having left to wonder 解析：從leave和主語(yǔ)none of them的邏輯關(guān)系分析，用過(guò) 去分詞表示被動(dòng)；leave sb.doing sth.“使某人處于……”。 答案：A
7.(2010·浙江杭州質(zhì)檢)Kitesurfing， kiteboarding，is
one of the popular new extreme sports.
A.still calling
B.sometimes calls
C.also called
D.always call 解析：過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，表示被動(dòng)。相當(dāng)于which is also called...。 答案：C 8.When I returned to my hometown，I found it co-
mpletely.
A.have changed
B.has changed
C.changed
D.changing 解析：考查find的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)形式。根據(jù)賓語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之間的邏輯關(guān)系分析，此處用過(guò)去分詞表示完成。 答案：C Ⅰ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1.He was (praise)for his neat and careful work. 答案：praised 2.The (succeed) investment enlarged his personal
fortune. 答案：successful 3.This (behave) illustrates your selfishness. 答案：behaviour 4.Never (judgement) from appearances. 答案：judge 5.This is what everyone is (anxiety) about. 答案：anxious Ⅰ.選詞填空
1.His conflicts with mine. put...in place，figure out，point of view，for sale，in favour of，on one's part
答案：point of view 2.He spoke out reforms in education. 答案：in favour of 3.I didn't how to do it. 答案：figure out 4.I will never do such a thing . 答案：on my part 5. everything back after
the washing up. 答案：Put；in place 6.Are these paintings ？ 答案：for sale Ⅲ.易錯(cuò)繡場(chǎng) 1.Unhappy people spend more than twice as much time thinking
about unpleasant events in their liveshappy people
tend to seek information that brightens their personal outlook.
A.when
B.as
C.until
D.while 解析：由句意可知，前后兩個(gè)句子形成語(yǔ)意上的對(duì)比，while在此意為“然而”。 答案：D
2.there are no precise figures，activists estimate
that 50 to 80 percent of the electronic waste in the U. S. is
shipped overseas.
A.When
B.While
C.As
D.Since 解析：句意：雖然沒(méi)有準(zhǔn)確的數(shù)字，一些活躍人士估計(jì)美國(guó)的50%～80%的電子垃圾都被運(yùn)往國(guó)外。while意為“盡管，雖然”；as當(dāng)“盡管”講時(shí)，要用倒裝。 答案：B
3.she was listening to the radio，she fell asleep.
A.While
B.If
C.Since
D.For 解析：句意：她聽(tīng)著收音機(jī)睡著了。while在此處意為“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”。 答案：A
4.The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain，
the quality of life is probably one of the highest.
A.since
B.when
C.as
D.while 解析：句意：在格拉斯哥生活的費(fèi)用是英國(guó)最低的，而生活質(zhì)量也許是最高的其中的一個(gè)。while“而”，表對(duì)比。 答案：D
benefit，interest，profit，advantage
(1)benefit普通用詞，指通過(guò)正當(dāng)手段從物質(zhì)或精神方面得到的任何好處或利益。它的復(fù)數(shù)形式benefits表示“救濟(jì)金”。 (2)interest作“利益”解時(shí)，多用復(fù)數(shù)形式，既可指集團(tuán)、群體的利益，又可指?jìng)€(gè)人的利益。interest作不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，意為“利息”。 (3)profit著重收益，尤指從物質(zhì)、錢(qián)財(cái)?shù)确矫娅@得的利益。 (4)advantage指因某方面占優(yōu)勢(shì)或利用某機(jī)會(huì)以及對(duì)方弱點(diǎn)而獲得利益與好處。 One should not look after his own interests alone. 一個(gè)人不應(yīng)當(dāng)只顧自己的利益。 What's the profit of doing that？做那件事有什么好處呢？ Rich
over you since he can speak German.理奇比你占優(yōu)勢(shì)，因?yàn)樗麜?huì)講德語(yǔ)。 has an advantage
3.The book was boring.It wasn't to me.
A.benefitB.benefited
C.of little benefit
D.of much benefit 解析：句意：這本書(shū)太枯燥了，對(duì)我沒(méi)多大益處。be of benefit to sb.“對(duì)某人有益”，由句意可知選D。C項(xiàng)中l(wèi)ittle表否定意義，意思與句意相反。 答案：D consequence n.結(jié)果，后果；重要(性)，重大
in consequence＝as a consequence因此，結(jié)果 in consequence of＝as a consequence of 由于……，因?yàn)椤木壒?answer for the consequences 對(duì)后果負(fù)責(zé) take/suffer/face the consequences 承擔(dān)后果 As a consequence of smoking，he coughs frequently. 因?yàn)槲鼰煟?jīng)常咳嗽。 If you behave so foolishly，you will have to take the consequ- ences.如果你如此愚蠢地行事，你將不得不承擔(dān)其后果。 He was always diligent in his study and as a consequence recei- ved high marks.他一向用功學(xué)習(xí)，因而得分很高。 If we do that，who will answer for
？ 如果那么做，誰(shuí)對(duì)后果負(fù)責(zé)？ the consequences 4.Many houses were completely destroyed in the hurricane
which struck the area last week.，the victims had
to live in the temporary shelters offered by the Red Cross.
A.As a result of
B.As a consequence
C.As usual
D.As for 解析：由句意可知上下文間為因果關(guān)系，故用as a consequence“結(jié)果”。as a result of “由于……，因?yàn)椤保籥s usual“像往常一樣”；as for“至于”。 答案：B
involve vt.包含，包括；涉及；使參與；影響；與……有關(guān)
involve(sb./sb.'s)doing sth.需要(某人)去做某事 involve sb.in(doing)sth. 使某人參與(做)某事；
把某人牽扯到某事中
involved adj. 卷入的，陷入的；復(fù)雜的；有關(guān)聯(lián)的 be/get involved in sth. 與某事有關(guān)；卷入……中；參與…… be involved with sb./sth.
與某人/某物關(guān)系密切 be involved in (doing) sth. 專(zhuān)心于，全神貫注于
Painting the room involved moving out the piano. 粉刷房間就要把鋼琴搬出去。 We should involve ourselves deeply in community affairs. 我們應(yīng)全身心投入公眾事務(wù)中。 I got
a quarrel about the price. 我被卷入了一場(chǎng)有關(guān)價(jià)格的爭(zhēng)吵。 The reporter is curious to know whether the official
the case.這個(gè)記者很想知道那位官員是否涉及此案。 She was involved in reading all night. 她整晚都在專(zhuān)心致志地讀書(shū)。 involved in is invol- ved in 5.(2010·福州高三聯(lián)考)“Neal，listen，”she said，looking
straight at him.“I ask you not to get in this kind
of matter.It's none of your business.”
A.caught
B.involved
C.attached
D.connected 解析：句意：“Neal，聽(tīng)著，”她緊盯著他說(shuō)道：“我叫你不要卷入這種事。這與你無(wú)關(guān)。”be/get involved in“卷入……中”；be/get caught in“被困”；attach“系，拴，認(rèn)為……重要”；connect“連接”。 答案：B conclude vt.& vi.總結(jié)，下結(jié)論；結(jié)束；最后說(shuō)
conclude that 推斷出；推論出 conclude sth.with...
以……結(jié)束某事 conclude sth.with sb.
跟某人達(dá)成…… to conclude
最后
conclusion n. 結(jié)論；結(jié)束，結(jié)尾 at the conclusion of(＝at the end of)
在……結(jié)束時(shí) draw/come to/reach/arrive at a conclusion
得出結(jié)論 in conclusion
總而言之
From his appearance we may safely conclude that he is a heavy smoker.從他的外表，我們可以有把握地?cái)喽ㄋ麩煶榈煤軆础?The concert concluded with the National Anthem. 音樂(lè)會(huì)最后以演奏國(guó)歌結(jié)束。 To conclude，I want to thank everyone for your help. 最后，我想感謝大家的幫助。
did you come to？你得出了什么結(jié)論？
，I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today.總之，我想說(shuō)我今天過(guò)得很開(kāi)心。 What conclusion
In conclusion 6.(2010·浙江杭州模擬)Six people have that they
will be attending the meeting while ten haven't replied
yet.
A.expected
B.suggested
C.concluded
D.confirmed 解析：句意：六人已確定他們將出席會(huì)議，而十個(gè)人 仍沒(méi)答復(fù)。confirm“確定”，符合句意。expect“期望”；suggest“建議”；conclude“得出結(jié)論”。 答案：D
urge v.敦促，催促，力勸；強(qiáng)烈要求n.迫切要求；強(qiáng)烈欲望
urge sb.to do催促/力勸某人做某事 urge against
極力反對(duì) urge sb.into doing sth.
催促某人做某事 urge that sb.(should)do sth. 力勸、要求某人…… It is/was urged that sb.should do sth. 主張某人應(yīng)做某事
(2)an/the urge to do sth.
想做……的強(qiáng)烈沖動(dòng) She urged him to stay.她力勸他留下。 The report urged that all children
to swim.這份報(bào)告呼吁給所有的兒童教授游泳。 He urged me into doing my homework.他催促我做作業(yè)。 He felt a sudden
a novel. 他突然有一股要寫(xiě)小說(shuō)的沖動(dòng)。 (should)be taught urge to write 7.She that her son accept the post.
A.swore B.urged
C.supposed
D.doubted 解析：句意：她力勸兒子接受這個(gè)職位。swear“咒罵”；urge“力勸，強(qiáng)烈要求”，其賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用sho- uld＋動(dòng)詞原形，其中should可以省略；suppose“假設(shè)，認(rèn)為”；doubt“懷疑”。根據(jù)句意和賓語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)詞形式，可知B正確。 答案：B
seek vt.征求，尋求；探索，探尋
seek one's advice/help/assistance征求建議/幫助 seek after尋求；探索；追求 seek for
尋求；尋找 seek out
