2024屆高考英語一輪總復習語法專題復習課件：14. 狀語從句
從句擔任狀語，在句子中修飾謂語(或其他動詞)、形容詞、副詞或是整個句子，它常用來表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結果、條件、方式、比較、讓步等。
復習狀語從句要掌握如下幾點：
1．全面掌握狀語從句的九大類別，熟悉引導它們的不同連接詞的意義和用法。
2．準確判斷主從句的邏輯關系，同時還要注意區分詞義相近的易混詞的辨析，如：as, when, while, since, because, for等。
3．應用狀語從句的過程中要注意主從句時態、語氣的統一，掌握狀語從句的省略形式。
4．與其他從句、句型結合起來分析、辨析。
一、時間狀語從句
常見的從屬連詞有：(注意其漢語意義) when, while, as, before, after, since, until (till), once, as soon as, the moment, the minute, immediately, directly, each/every time, the first time, the last time, next time, by the time等。
While we were chatting, she was looking at the time table on the wall.
Sometimes I watch TV as I am having breakfast.
Every/Each time I was in trouble, he would come to my help.
No sooner had I gone to bed than I fell alseep.
二、原因狀語從句
常見的從屬連詞有：as(由于)，because(因為)，since(既然)，now (that)(既然)，considering that(顧及到)，seeing that(由于)等。
As you didn't turn up at yesterday's get-together, we missed you very much.
Seeing (that) quite a few people were absent, we decided to put the meeting off.
Now that you mention it, I do remember.
三、地點狀語從句
常見的從屬連詞有：where(在……的地方)，wherever(無論哪里)。
Put the book where it is.
四、目的狀語從句
常見的從屬連詞有：so that(以便)，in order that(為了)，for fear that(以免)，in case(萬一)等。謂語一般與can, could, may, might, will, would, should 等連用。
Most students go to college (so) that they can be engineers, teachers or chemists.
He left early in case he should miss the train.
五、結果狀語從句
常見的從屬連詞有：so that(結果)(從句中不帶情態動詞)，so…that(如此……以致……)，such…that(如此……以致……)等。
He earned so little money that he couldn't support his family.
It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.
Tom studied very hard so that he passed the exam.
六、條件狀語從句
常見的從屬連詞有：if(如果)，unless(除非)，so/as long as(只要)，as/so far as(就……而言)，on condition that(條件是……)，suppose(假設)，supposing(假設)(僅用在問句中), the more…， the more…等。
You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean.
You can go swimming on condition that you don't go too far away from the river bank.
Suppose/Supposing we can't get enough food, what shall we do?
The more books you read, the happier you will feel.
七、讓步狀語從句
常見的從屬連詞有：as (雖然)，although(盡管)，though(盡管)，however(無論怎樣)，whatever(無論什么)，whoever(無論誰)，whomever(無論誰)，whichever(無論哪個)，whenever(無論何時)，wherever(無論哪里)，whether(是否)，no matter (who, what, where, when) (無論……)，even if(即使)，even though(即使)等。注意：as引導的讓步狀語從句一般是倒裝的。
However late/No matter how late he is, his family will wait for him to have dinner together.
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
Whether it is fine or not, I will go boating.
八、方式狀語從句
常見的從屬連詞有：as(與……一樣)，as if(仿佛)，as though(仿佛) 等。注意：as if/though引導的從句常用虛擬語氣，表示非真實情況。
You must do the exercise as I show you.
He talks about the moon as if he had been there.
九、比較狀語從句
常見的從屬連詞有：as…as, not so (as)…as, than等。
I have made a lot more mistakes than you have.
Americans eat more than twice as many vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.
十、使用狀語從句時要注意的幾個問題
1．在時間和條件狀語從句中，主句是一般將來時，從句通常用一般現在時或現在完成時表示將來。
We'll go outing if it doesn't rain tomorrow.
Don't get off until the bus has stopped.
2．有些時間、地點、條件、方式或讓步從句，如果從句的主語與主句的主語一致(或雖不一致，是it)，從句的謂語又包含動詞be，就可省略從句中的“主語＋be”部分。
1)連接詞＋過去分詞
Don't speak until spoken to.
Pressure can be increased when needed.
Unless repaired, the washing machine is no use.
2)連詞＋現在分詞
Look out while crossing the street.
3) 連詞＋不定式
The wounded person opened his mouth as if to say something.
4)連詞＋形容詞/其他
常見的有if necessary，if possible，when necessary，if any/so, though suspicious等。
Though cold, he still wore a shirt.
I have no money.If any, I will lend you some.
3．狀語從句與非謂語動詞的轉換。
After they finished the lecture, they left the school.
→Having finished the lecture, they left the school.
When it is seen from the hill, the park is very beautiful.
→Seen from the hill, the park is very beautiful.
He got up very early in order that he could catch the first train.
→ He got up very early (in order) to catch the first train.
4．注意區分同一詞引導的不同從句：引導的是什么從句，不僅要根據連詞，還要根據句子結構和句意來判別。以where為例，能引導多種從句。
You are to find it where you left it.(where引導地點狀語從句)
Tell me the address where he lives.(where引導定語從句)
I don't know where he is from.(where引導賓語從句)
Where he has gone is not known yet.(where引導主語從句)
This place is where they once hid.(where引導表語從句)
5．狀語從句與定語從句的轉換。
1) Make marks where you have questions.(where引導地點狀語從句)
→Make marks at the places where you have questions.(where引導定語從句)
2) It is such an advanced theory that few people understand it.(that引導結果狀語從句)
→It is such an advanced theory as few people understand.(as引導定語從句)
十一、狀語從句考點評析
在近四年的廣東高考英語試卷語法填空題中，2007年的31題考查了狀語從句：The sun was setting when my car______(break) down near a remote and poor village.
(2010年廣東高考)
We understand this lesson best______we receive gifts of love from children.
【答案】broke 這是一個由when引導的時間狀語從句，考查謂語動詞的正確形式。
【答案】when 考查時間狀語的引導詞。“當我們收到孩子送的愛的禮物的時候，才能夠理解愛”。
雖然如此，在平時的測練及模擬試題中較常出現考查狀語從句的連詞(引導詞)填空，在寫作中也常常需要使用狀語從句。所以，同學們要學會靈活運用狀語從句。
一、用適當的連詞填空。
1．Tim is in good shape physically ________________ he doesn't get much exercise.
2．The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, ________ accompanied by an adult.
3．________ a serious problem you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.
4．He was looking for the dictionary ________ he thought he might have put it.
5．John thinks it won't be long ________ he is ready for his new job.
even though
unless
What
wherever
before
6．Today, we will begin ________ we stopped yesterday ________ no point will be left out.
7．He realized that his house must have been broken into ________________ he got home and saw that everything was in a mess.
8．My parents don't mind what job I do ________________ I am happy.
9．You can't borrow books from the school library ________ you get your student card.
10．All the dishes in this menu, ________ otherwise stated, will serve two to three people.
where
so that
the moment
as long as
before
if
11．Generally speaking, ________ taken according to directions, the drug has no side-effect.
12．—Dad, I've finished my assignment.
—Good, and ________ you play or watch TV, you mustn't disturb me.
13．I have not missed a play or a concert ________ I was seventeen years old.
14．Much ________ I have traveled, I have never seen anyone who's as capable as John.
15．In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered ________ they are to survive.
when
whether
since
as
if
16．It won't matter ________________ he refuses.
17．They wrote to the boss ________________ they could improve their working conditions.
18．Jim imagined that the whole world knew of his achievements, ________ in fact only a few people had heard of it.
19．I'm not going to talk on the point any further, ________ it is neither important nor very interesting.
20．We'll have to finish the job, ________ long it takes.
even if
in order that
while
because
however
二、用狀語從句完成下面句子。
1．無論我說什么或怎么說，他總認為是我錯。
______________________________， he always thinks I'm wrong.
2．她急匆匆地走出屋去，好像很生氣的樣子。
She hurriedly left the room ________________________.
3．可能的話，我想要兩本。
______________， I'd like to have two copies of it.
4．結果不如我預料的那么好。
The result was not as/so good ________________.
5．你最好在有問題的地方做記號。
You'd better make a mark ____________________________.
No matter what I say or how I say it
as though (she were) angry
If possible
as I had expected
where you have any questions
6．只要我們不灰心，我們就能找到克服困難的方法。
________________________________________， we'll find a way to overcome the difficulty.
7．他沒把時間計劃好，結果沒按時完成這項工作。
He didn't plan his time well, ____________________________________________.
8．最好多帶些衣服以防天氣會冷。
Better take more clothes ___________________________.
9．既然大家都來了咱們就設法作一個決定吧。
______________________， let's try and reach a decision.
10．他每次進城，總要來看看我們的學校。
___________________________ he would visit our school.
As/So long as we don't lose heart
so that he didn't finish the work in time
in case the weather is cold
Now that/Since you are all here
Each time he came to town
三、基礎寫作。
根據以下信息，用5個英語句子表達全部內容，并組成連貫的文章，盡可能運用狀語從句。
1．自信通常是一個人未來成功的標志。
2．一般來說，一個人越自信，就越有可能成功。
3．無論做什么，都要有信心做好它。
4．只要對自己的能力有信心，就不會輕易放棄。
5．特別是在面對困難的時候，如果沒有自信，要實現自己追求的目標就幾乎沒有可能。
【答案】
Confidence is often a symbol of a person's future success.Generally speaking, the more confident you are, the more successful you tend to be.Whatever you do, you should do it with confidence.When you are confident of your ability, you will not give up easily.On the contrary, if you have no confidence, there is little possibility of achieving the goal in anything you pursue, especially when faced with difficulties.
從句擔任狀語，在句子中修飾謂語(或其他動詞)、形容詞、副詞或是整個句子，它常用來表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結果、條件、方式、比較、讓步等。
復習狀語從句要掌握如下幾點：
1．全面掌握狀語從句的九大類別，熟悉引導它們的不同連接詞的意義和用法。
2．準確判斷主從句的邏輯關系，同時還要注意區分詞義相近的易混詞的辨析，如：as, when, while, since, because, for等。
3．應用狀語從句的過程中要注意主從句時態、語氣的統一，掌握狀語從句的省略形式。
4．與其他從句、句型結合起來分析、辨析。
一、時間狀語從句
常見的從屬連詞有：(注意其漢語意義) when, while, as, before, after, since, until (till), once, as soon as, the moment, the minute, immediately, directly, each/every time, the first time, the last time, next time, by the time等。
While we were chatting, she was looking at the time table on the wall.
Sometimes I watch TV as I am having breakfast.
Every/Each time I was in trouble, he would come to my help.
No sooner had I gone to bed than I fell alseep.
二、原因狀語從句
常見的從屬連詞有：as(由于)，because(因為)，since(既然)，now (that)(既然)，considering that(顧及到)，seeing that(由于)等。
As you didn't turn up at yesterday's get-together, we missed you very much.
Seeing (that) quite a few people were absent, we decided to put the meeting off.
Now that you mention it, I do remember.
三、地點狀語從句
常見的從屬連詞有：where(在……的地方)，wherever(無論哪里)。
Put the book where it is.
四、目的狀語從句
常見的從屬連詞有：so that(以便)，in order that(為了)，for fear that(以免)，in case(萬一)等。謂語一般與can, could, may, might, will, would, should 等連用。
Most students go to college (so) that they can be engineers, teachers or chemists.
He left early in case he should miss the train.
五、結果狀語從句
常見的從屬連詞有：so that(結果)(從句中不帶情態動詞)，so…that(如此……以致……)，such…that(如此……以致……)等。
He earned so little money that he couldn't support his family.
It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.
Tom studied very hard so that he passed the exam.
六、條件狀語從句
常見的從屬連詞有：if(如果)，unless(除非)，so/as long as(只要)，as/so far as(就……而言)，on condition that(條件是……)，suppose(假設)，supposing(假設)(僅用在問句中), the more…， the more…等。
You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean.
You can go swimming on condition that you don't go too far away from the river bank.
Suppose/Supposing we can't get enough food, what shall we do?
The more books you read, the happier you will feel.
七、讓步狀語從句
常見的從屬連詞有：as (雖然)，although(盡管)，though(盡管)，however(無論怎樣)，whatever(無論什么)，whoever(無論誰)，whomever(無論誰)，whichever(無論哪個)，whenever(無論何時)，wherever(無論哪里)，whether(是否)，no matter (who, what, where, when) (無論……)，even if(即使)，even though(即使)等。注意：as引導的讓步狀語從句一般是倒裝的。
However late/No matter how late he is, his family will wait for him to have dinner together.
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
Whether it is fine or not, I will go boating.
八、方式狀語從句
常見的從屬連詞有：as(與……一樣)，as if(仿佛)，as though(仿佛) 等。注意：as if/though引導的從句常用虛擬語氣，表示非真實情況。
You must do the exercise as I show you.
He talks about the moon as if he had been there.
九、比較狀語從句
常見的從屬連詞有：as…as, not so (as)…as, than等。
I have made a lot more mistakes than you have.
Americans eat more than twice as many vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.
十、使用狀語從句時要注意的幾個問題
1．在時間和條件狀語從句中，主句是一般將來時，從句通常用一般現在時或現在完成時表示將來。
We'll go outing if it doesn't rain tomorrow.
Don't get off until the bus has stopped.
2．有些時間、地點、條件、方式或讓步從句，如果從句的主語與主句的主語一致(或雖不一致，是it)，從句的謂語又包含動詞be，就可省略從句中的“主語＋be”部分。
1)連接詞＋過去分詞
Don't speak until spoken to.
Pressure can be increased when needed.
Unless repaired, the washing machine is no use.
2)連詞＋現在分詞
Look out while crossing the street.
3) 連詞＋不定式
The wounded person opened his mouth as if to say something.
4)連詞＋形容詞/其他
常見的有if necessary，if possible，when necessary，if any/so, though suspicious等。
Though cold, he still wore a shirt.
I have no money.If any, I will lend you some.
3．狀語從句與非謂語動詞的轉換。
After they finished the lecture, they left the school.
→Having finished the lecture, they left the school.
When it is seen from the hill, the park is very beautiful.
→Seen from the hill, the park is very beautiful.
He got up very early in order that he could catch the first train.
→ He got up very early (in order) to catch the first train.
4．注意區分同一詞引導的不同從句：引導的是什么從句，不僅要根據連詞，還要根據句子結構和句意來判別。以where為例，能引導多種從句。
You are to find it where you left it.(where引導地點狀語從句)
Tell me the address where he lives.(where引導定語從句)
I don't know where he is from.(where引導賓語從句)
Where he has gone is not known yet.(where引導主語從句)
This place is where they once hid.(where引導表語從句)
5．狀語從句與定語從句的轉換。
1) Make marks where you have questions.(where引導地點狀語從句)
→Make marks at the places where you have questions.(where引導定語從句)
2) It is such an advanced theory that few people understand it.(that引導結果狀語從句)
→It is such an advanced theory as few people understand.(as引導定語從句)
十一、狀語從句考點評析
在近四年的廣東高考英語試卷語法填空題中，2007年的31題考查了狀語從句：The sun was setting when my car______(break) down near a remote and poor village.
(2010年廣東高考)
We understand this lesson best______we receive gifts of love from children.
【答案】broke 這是一個由when引導的時間狀語從句，考查謂語動詞的正確形式。
【答案】when 考查時間狀語的引導詞。“當我們收到孩子送的愛的禮物的時候，才能夠理解愛”。
雖然如此，在平時的測練及模擬試題中較常出現考查狀語從句的連詞(引導詞)填空，在寫作中也常常需要使用狀語從句。所以，同學們要學會靈活運用狀語從句。
一、用適當的連詞填空。
1．Tim is in good shape physically ________________ he doesn't get much exercise.
2．The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, ________ accompanied by an adult.
3．________ a serious problem you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.
4．He was looking for the dictionary ________ he thought he might have put it.
5．John thinks it won't be long ________ he is ready for his new job.
even though
unless
What
wherever
before
6．Today, we will begin ________ we stopped yesterday ________ no point will be left out.
7．He realized that his house must have been broken into ________________ he got home and saw that everything was in a mess.
8．My parents don't mind what job I do ________________ I am happy.
9．You can't borrow books from the school library ________ you get your student card.
10．All the dishes in this menu, ________ otherwise stated, will serve two to three people.
where
so that
the moment
as long as
before
if
11．Generally speaking, ________ taken according to directions, the drug has no side-effect.
12．—Dad, I've finished my assignment.
—Good, and ________ you play or watch TV, you mustn't disturb me.
13．I have not missed a play or a concert ________ I was seventeen years old.
14．Much ________ I have traveled, I have never seen anyone who's as capable as John.
15．In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered ________ they are to survive.
when
whether
since
as
if
16．It won't matter ________________ he refuses.
17．They wrote to the boss ________________ they could improve their working conditions.
18．Jim imagined that the whole world knew of his achievements, ________ in fact only a few people had heard of it.
19．I'm not going to talk on the point any further, ________ it is neither important nor very interesting.
20．We'll have to finish the job, ________ long it takes.
even if
in order that
while
because
however
二、用狀語從句完成下面句子。
1．無論我說什么或怎么說，他總認為是我錯。
______________________________， he always thinks I'm wrong.
2．她急匆匆地走出屋去，好像很生氣的樣子。
She hurriedly left the room ________________________.
3．可能的話，我想要兩本。
______________， I'd like to have two copies of it.
4．結果不如我預料的那么好。
The result was not as/so good ________________.
5．你最好在有問題的地方做記號。
You'd better make a mark ____________________________.
No matter what I say or how I say it
as though (she were) angry
If possible
as I had expected
where you have any questions
6．只要我們不灰心，我們就能找到克服困難的方法。
________________________________________， we'll find a way to overcome the difficulty.
7．他沒把時間計劃好，結果沒按時完成這項工作。
He didn't plan his time well, ____________________________________________.
8．最好多帶些衣服以防天氣會冷。
Better take more clothes ___________________________.
9．既然大家都來了咱們就設法作一個決定吧。
______________________， let's try and reach a decision.
10．他每次進城，總要來看看我們的學校。
___________________________ he would visit our school.
As/So long as we don't lose heart
so that he didn't finish the work in time
in case the weather is cold
Now that/Since you are all here
Each time he came to town
三、基礎寫作。
根據以下信息，用5個英語句子表達全部內容，并組成連貫的文章，盡可能運用狀語從句。
1．自信通常是一個人未來成功的標志。
2．一般來說，一個人越自信，就越有可能成功。
3．無論做什么，都要有信心做好它。
4．只要對自己的能力有信心，就不會輕易放棄。
5．特別是在面對困難的時候，如果沒有自信，要實現自己追求的目標就幾乎沒有可能。
【答案】
Confidence is often a symbol of a person's future success.Generally speaking, the more confident you are, the more successful you tend to be.Whatever you do, you should do it with confidence.When you are confident of your ability, you will not give up easily.On the contrary, if you have no confidence, there is little possibility of achieving the goal in anything you pursue, especially when faced with difficulties.
