2024屆高三英語一輪復習課時作業45：語法專練五之介詞及介詞短語
高考真題
1．(2011·北京)With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken ________ colour.
A. by
B. for
C. with
D. in
[解析]句意：有了新技術，水下山谷的圖片可以從顏色方面被拍攝。by 經由，通過；for 為了，對于；with 隨著，帶有；in 在……方面。
[答案]D
2．(2011·浙江)I always wanted to do the job which I'd been trained ________.
A. on
B. for
C. by
D. of
[解析]句意：我一直想干我為之接受過培訓的工作。be trained for sth.“為……接受培訓”。其他三項不符合題目要求。
[答案]B
3．(2011·福建)________ good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.
A. Far from
B. Apart from
C. Instead of
D. Regardless of
[解析]句意：除了好的服務外，這家餐館還提供不同種類的傳統福建美食。far from 離……遠；遠非；apart from 除……之外(還)；instead of 代替，而不是；regardless of 不管。由句意可知B項正確。
[答案]B
4．(2011·天津)He was a good student and scored ________ average in most subjects.
A. below
B. of
C. on
D. above
[解析]below average 在平均水平以下；on average 平均來說；above average 在平均水平以上。由 he was a good student 可知D項正確。句意：他是一個好學生，大部分科目得分都在平均水平以上。
[答案]D
5．(2011·安徽)Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek ________ food safety problems.
A. in
B. to
C. on
D. after
[解析]句意：有時，關于食品安全問題的答案不難找到。介詞短語 to food safety problems 修飾 answers。answer 常與介詞 to 搭配，意為“……的答案”。
[答案]B
6．(2011·江蘇)We'd better discuss everything ________ before we work out the plan.
A. in detail
B. in general
C. on purpose
D. on time
[解析]句意：我們最好詳細地把一切討論一下之后再制定計劃。in detail 詳細地；in general 一般說來；on purpose 故意地；on time 準時。由句意可知A項正確。
[答案]A
7．(2011·重慶)Shirley, a real book lover, often brings home many books to read ________ the library.
A. in
B. for
C. by
D. from
[解析]句意：雪莉，一個真正的圖書愛好者，經常從圖書館往家帶書看。bring sth. from sp.“從某個地方帶……”，符合句意。故D項正確。
[答案]D
8．(2011·湖北)When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside ________ younger men.
A. in terms of
B. in need of
C. in favour of
D. in praise of
[解析]本題考查介詞短語。句意：當被問起對于校長的看法時，許多老師更愿意校長給年輕點的人讓位。in favour of 意為“支持，有利于”，同 step aside 搭配起來意為“給……讓位”。
[答案]C
9．(2011·四川)Nick, it's good for you to read some books ________ China before you start your trip there.
A. in
B. for
C. of
D. on
[解析]句意：尼克，在你啟程去那里之前，讀一讀關于中國的書比較好。on China“關于中國方面的”，即書的內容是介紹中國情況的。而 of China 則可能表示“來自中國的”或“中國出版的”等意思。故答案為D。
[答案]D
10．(2011·山東)I'm sorry I didn't phone you, but I've been very busy ________ the past couple of weeks.
A. beyond
B. with
C. among
D. over
[解析]句意：對不起，我沒給你打電話，但是在過去的幾周里我一直很忙。beyond超過，超出；在(向)……的那一邊；with 與，和；具有；among 在……之間；over 在此表示“在……期間，經過(一段)時間”。
[答案]D
11．(2010·四川)Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back ________ a big tree.
A. in
B. below
C. beside
D. against
[解析]句意：因為很勞累了，Jim 背靠著一棵大樹，熟睡著。in 在……里面；below 在……下面；beside 在……旁邊；against 頂著，倚著；反對，符合句意。
[答案]D
12．(2010·江蘇)So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy, but it is ________ ideal. We have to work still harder.
A. next to
B. far from
C. out of
D. due to
[解析]句意：到目前為止，我們已做了許多來創建一種低碳經濟，但是離理想的還差得很遠。我們還要更加努力地工作。A項表示“緊鄰，在……近旁”；B項表示“遠非；幾乎相反”；C項表示“從……出來；脫離”；D項表示“由于”。根據句意可知選B。
[答案]B
13．(2010·浙江)I guess we've already talked about this before but I'll ask you again just ________.
A. by nature
B. in return
C. in case
D. by chance
[解析]句意：我猜我們以前早就談論過這件事了，以防萬一我還要再問問你。by nature 天生地；in return 作為回報；in case 以防萬一； by chance 偶然地。
[答案]C
14．(2010·江西)We give enough time, space and love we can spare, and ________， dogs give us their all.
A. in all
B. in fact
C. in short
D. in return
[解析]句意：我們把能給予的時間、空間和愛都花在狗身上，作為回報，狗也向我們奉獻出一切。in all 總共；in fact 事實上；in short 簡言之；in return 作為回報，符合句意。
[答案]D
15．(2010·福建)More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities ________ space.
A. in search of
B. in place of
C. for lack of
D. for fear of
[解析]句意：因為缺乏空間，在大城市建起了越來越多的高層建筑。A項是“尋找”；B項是“代替”；C項是“因缺乏……”；D項是“唯恐，以免”。由句意知C項為正確答案。
[答案]C
16．(2010·湖北)It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money ________ favours to them.
A. in preference to
B. in exchange for
C. in place of
D. in agreement with
[解析]句意：公務員以為人們做好事作為交換向人們要禮物或金錢是違法的。in preference to 優先于；in place of 代替；in agreement with 與……相一致；in exchange for 交換，符合句意。
[答案]B
17．(2010·北京)Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden? They are ________ everyone's enjoyment.
A. in
B. at
C. for
D. to
[解析]句意：別采花園里的花好嗎？這些花是供大家觀賞的。for enjoyment“供觀賞”，介詞 for 表示目的。
[答案]C
18．(2010·遼寧)I agree to his suggestion ________ the condition that he drops all charges.
A. by
B. in
C. on
D. to
[解析]句意：我同意他的建議，條件是他降低所有費用。on condition that“條件是”，引導條件狀語從句。
[答案]C
19．(2010·江西)Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients ________ name, not case number.
A. of
B. as
C. by
D. with
[解析]句意：現在一些醫院提到病人時用名字而不是病例編號。by name“憑名字”為固定搭配，符合句意。
[答案]C
20．(2010·天津)My father warned me ________ going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists.
A. by
B. on
C. for
D. against
[解析]句意：我父親警告我不要去西海岸因為游客太多太擠。warn sb. against doing sth.“警告某人不要干某事”為固定搭配，故D項正確。
[答案]D
21．(2010·重慶)The dictionary is what I want, but I don't have enough money ________ me.
A. by
B. for
C. in
D. with
[解析]句意：這就是我想要的字典，可是身上沒有帶夠錢。從本句的語境來看，是表示身上沒有帶足夠的錢，而介詞 with 常用來表示“隨身”之意，同“on me”，故選D。
[答案]D
22．(2009·山東)It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot ________ easy reach.
A. near
B. upon
C. within
D. around
[解析]句意：在廚房里把你常用的東西放在容易夠著的地方會節省時間。within one's reach“在某人夠得著的地方”；beyond/without one's reach“在某人夠不著的地方”。
[答案]C
23．(2009·寧夏·海南)Everybody was touched ________ words after they heard her moving story.
A．beyond
B．without
C．of
D．in
[解析]句意：聽完她感人的故事后，人人都感動得說不出話來。beyond words“說不出話來”，beyond 意為“超出……的范圍，非……可及”。
[答案]A
24．(2009·遼寧)Children need friends ________ their own age to play with.
A．of
B．for
C．in
D．at
[解析]句意：孩子需要與他們同齡的朋友玩耍。of one's own“某人自己的”，為固定搭配。
[答案]A
25．(2009·湖南)Most Americans would prefer to keep their problems __________ themselves and solve their problems ________ themselves.
A．to; by
B．by; to
C．for; to
D．in; on
[解析]句意：大部分美國人愿意有問題自己擔著而且靠自己來解決。keep sth. to oneself“保守……不對別人說”；by oneself“獨自地”，相當于 alone。
[答案]A
26．(2009·江蘇)This special school accepts all disabled students, ________ educational level and background.
A. according to
B. regardless of
C. in addition to
D. in terms of
[解析]句意：這所特殊的學校接收所有殘疾學生，不管他們的教育水平和背景如何。according to 據……所說，按……所載；根據；regardless of 不顧，不管；in addition to 除……之外(還)；in terms of 按照，從……方面來說。根據句意B項正確。
[答案]B
27．(2009·福建)—How amazing it is that astronauts are exploring outer space!
—It's a challenge, I guess, ________ man against nature.
A. of
B. for
C. by
D. about
[解析]句意：—宇航員們在探測外太空，多么神奇呀！—我想，這是人類對大自然的挑戰。challenge 常與 of 連用，of 表示coming from，“來源于”。
[答案]A
28．(2009·天津)The art show was ________ being a failure; it was a great success.
A. far from
B. along with
C. next to
D. regardless of
[解析]句意：此次美術展絕非失敗，而是巨大的成功。far from 遠非，毫不，簡直不，符合句意；along with 和……一起；next to 緊挨著；regardless of 不管。
[答案]A
29．(2009·上海)Four Chinese models were ________ the 14 people awarded prizes on Friday at the World Supermodel Competition.
A. among
B. between
C. along
D. beside
[解析]句意：在周五的世界超級模特大賽上，四位中國模特躋身14位獲獎選手之列。among 在(三者或三者以上)之間；between 在(兩者)之間；along 沿著；beside 在……旁邊。根據句意A項正確。
[答案]A
30．(2009·重慶)Try on this red skirt; you will look great ________ it.
A. on
B. by
C. in
D. for
[解析]句意：你試穿一下這件紅色裙子； 你穿著它會很好看的。英語中介詞 in 表示“穿著，戴著”的意義時，表狀態，常用在名詞后作定語或表語，如：the man in a blue hat 戴著藍禮帽的那個男人；Susan is in yellow today.蘇珊今天穿了一身黃色的衣服。
[答案]C
31．(2009·北京)The wine industry in the area has developed in a special way, ________ little foreign ownership.
A. by
B. of
C. with
D. from
[解析]句意：這個地區的釀酒業發展得很特別，幾乎沒有外資。with 相當于 having，故選C。
[答案]C
32．(2009·四川)A great person is always putting others' interests ________ his own.
A. below
B. above
C. in
D. on
[解析]句意：偉人總是把他人利益放于個人利益之上。put sth. above sth.“把……放在……之上”，此處強調高于某物。
[答案]B
33．(2009·陜西)He invited me to a dance after the show ________ Christmas Eve.
A. at
B. on
C. in
D. by
[解析]句意：圣誕前夜他邀請我在演出之后去跳舞。on Christmas Eve 在圣誕前夜。
[答案]B
34．(2009·湖北)You'd sound a lot more polite if you make a request ________ a question.
A. in search of
B. in the form of
C. in need of
D. in the direction of
[解析]句意：如果你以問題的形式提出要求，那么會顯得更有禮貌。in search of 尋找，尋求；in the form of 以……形式；in need of(＝in want of) 需要；in the direction of 朝著……方向。根據句意B項正確。
[答案]B
35．(2009·湖北)His efforts to raise money for his programme were ________ because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets.
