2024屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)單元課件：必修2Unit 3《Amazing people》
It was in this room that we held the meeting.
我們是在這個(gè)房間里舉行會(huì)議的。(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型) (去掉It was 和that后, 句子成分齊全。) It was this room where (= in which) we held the meeting. (定語從句) It was Li Hua who came from Beijing that was elected chairman of the meeting. 是來自北京的李華被選為會(huì)議主席。(第一個(gè)who引導(dǎo)的是定語從句) (2)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與時(shí)間狀語從句 It was at three o’clock in the afternoon that he arrived.
他是下午三點(diǎn)鐘到達(dá)的。(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型) It was three o’clock in the afternoon when he arrived. (時(shí)間狀語從句) It is two years since he went to college. 他上大學(xué)有兩年了。(時(shí)間狀語從句, since不可改為that。) It will be two hours before he returns. 還要過兩個(gè)小時(shí)他才能回來。(時(shí)間狀語從句) (3)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與“It is + adj. + that從句”(主語從句) It is clear that you are wrong. 很明顯你錯(cuò)了。(主語從句) It is true that he once worked as a doctor. 他以前真的做過醫(yī)生。(主語從句) 【要點(diǎn)拾遺】 1. within prep. 在……之內(nèi), 不超過 【填一填?激活思維】 ①We’re afraid we can’t finish the task ______ ____ ______.
恐怕我們在這個(gè)月內(nèi)無法完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。 ②The hotel is ______ ____ _____ of the beach.
這家旅館離海濱很近。 within this month within easy reach 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識】 within easy reach of離……很近, 在……附近 within one’s reach
在某人夠得著的地方 within three days 在三天之內(nèi) *My uncle lives within ten minutes’ walk.
我叔叔住在離這兒步行十分鐘的地方。 *Keep the dictionary within your reach.
把詞典放在你夠得著的地方。 2. superior n. 上級, 上司
adj. 更好的, 更高的 【填一填?激活思維】 ①You should get on well with _____ ________.
你應(yīng)該與你的上司相處融洽。 ②The cloth is ________ __ that one.
這塊布比那塊好。 your superior superior to 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識】 be superior to優(yōu)于/高于 *The army was superior in number to its enemies.
該部隊(duì)在數(shù)量上超過了它的敵人。 【悟一悟?參透誤區(qū)】 進(jìn)行比較時(shí), 用to而不用than的常見短語:
be junior to sb. 比某人小/地位低 be superior to. . . 優(yōu)于/高于…… be inferior to. . .
比……差 be senior to sb. 比某人年長/資歷深 3. be in control (of something)掌管, 控制(某物) 【填一填?激活思維】 一句多譯。 他掌管著醫(yī)院醫(yī)療事務(wù)方面的所有決策。 ①He is __ _______ __all medical decisions at the hospital.
②All medical decisions at the hospital are __ ___ _______ __
him.
in control of in the control of 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識】 beyond/out of control失去控制; 無法控制 under control 受到控制, 處于控制之下 lose control of 失去對……的控制 take/gain/get control of 控制 control oneself
自我控制 *If you don’t change your mind, the situation will be out of control/beyond control.
如果你不改變主意, 形勢將失去控制。 【拓展延伸】常見的“in +名詞+of”詞組 in case of
假設(shè), 萬一 in charge of
掌管; 負(fù)責(zé) in favour of
贊成; 有利于 in honour of 為向……表示敬意 in memory of
紀(jì)念 in need of
需要 in place of 代替 in search of
尋找 in spite of
不管; 不顧 in consequence of 由于……的緣故 4. fortune n. 大筆的錢, 財(cái)富; 運(yùn)氣 【填一填?激活思維】 ①He has _____ __ _______ from mining.
他開礦發(fā)了大財(cái)。 ②They went to America to ____ _____ _______.
他們?nèi)チ嗣绹鴮で蟀l(fā)財(cái)?shù)臋C(jī)會(huì)。 ③I ____ ___ _____ _______ __ be chosen for a trip abroad.
我真幸運(yùn), 被選中出國旅行。 made a fortune seek their fortune had the good fortune to 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識】 make a fortune
發(fā)財(cái), 賺大錢 try one’s fortune 碰運(yùn)氣 seek one’s fortune
尋找發(fā)財(cái)機(jī)會(huì) have the fortune to do sth. 有幸做某事 tell one’s fortune 給某人算命 *(2024·安徽高考)In China, children are given money in a red envelope to bring good fortune in the New Year.
在中國, 給小孩裝在紅色信封里的壓歲錢是希望在新年中給他們帶來好運(yùn)。 *The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune was to be made.
澳大利亞金子的發(fā)現(xiàn)使數(shù)以千計(jì)的人相信發(fā)財(cái)?shù)臋C(jī)會(huì)來了。 5. preserve vt. 保存, 保護(hù), 保持 【填一填?激活思維】 ①The society works to ________ the district’s historic
buildings.
協(xié)會(huì)致力于維護(hù)該地區(qū)的歷史建筑。 ②As we all know, salt helps to ________ _____.
眾所周知, 鹽有助于肉的保存。 ③With the limited natural resources, we should take action
to ________ them _____ being wasted.
由于自然資源有限, 我們應(yīng)該采取行動(dòng)保護(hù)它們不被浪費(fèi)。 preserve preserve meat preserve from 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識】 preserve historic buildings
保護(hù)歷史建筑 preserve traditions
保留傳統(tǒng) preserve the public order 維護(hù)公共秩序 preserve food保鮮食品/貯存食品 preserve. . . from. . . 保護(hù)……免于…… *(2024·湖北高考)After all, isn’t accumulating memories a way of preserving the past?
畢竟, 難道沉淀記憶不是保存往事的一種方式嗎?
【猜一猜?熟詞生義】觀察句子, 寫出黑體部分的含義。 Sailing is increasingly popular, and no longer the preserve of
the rich. (
) 獨(dú)有活動(dòng) 【拓展延伸】類似結(jié)構(gòu):
protect. . . from/against. . . 保護(hù)……免受……(傷害) prevent sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 =stop sb. (from) doing sth.
=keep sb. from doing sth.
=discourage sb. from doing sth.
prevent/stop/keep sth. from being done
阻止某事被做 4. inspire vt. 啟迪, 賦予靈感; 激勵(lì), 鼓舞 【填一填?激活思維】 ①His excellent performance ________ the rest of us __ greater
efforts.
他出色的表演激勵(lì)我們其余的人更努力。 ②What ________ the taxi drivers in this city __ _____ English?
是什么激勵(lì)該市出租車司機(jī)學(xué)英語的?
inspired to inspired to learn 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識】 (1)inspire sb. to sth.
激勵(lì)某人某事 inspire sb. to do sth.
激勵(lì)某人做某事 inspire sth. 賦予……的靈感 be inspired by 受……激勵(lì) (2)inspiring
adj. 激勵(lì)人心的 inspiration
n. 靈感 have an inspiration 有靈感 5. discourage vt. 使灰心, 使泄氣; 勸阻
【填一填?激活思維】 ①Don’t __________ ___; she’s trying her best.
別泄她的氣, 她正盡力呢。 ②The heavy rain ___________ __ ___________ for a picnic.
大雨打消了我們?nèi)ヒ安偷哪铑^。 discourage her discouraged us from
going 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識】 (1)discourage sb.
使某人灰心/泄氣 discourage sb. from doing sth.
阻止某人做某事 (2)discouraging
adj. 令人沮喪的 discouraged adj. 灰心的, 泄氣的 be discouraged by
因……灰心 (3)discouragementn.
泄氣; 灰心; 使人泄氣的事物 to one’s discouragement 使某人沮喪的是 *He is easily discouraged by difficulties and obstacles.
他遇到困難和障礙很容易氣餒。 6. desire n. 愿望, 欲望, 渴望
vt. 渴望, 期望 【填一填?激活思維】 ①He ___ __ ______ ______ ___ success. 他有強(qiáng)烈的成功欲望。 ②Sometimes, while living in a foreign country, one ______ a
special dish from home.
有時(shí), 一個(gè)人生活在國外, 很渴望能吃到家鄉(xiāng)的特色菜。 ③She ______ __ ___ a singer. 她渴望成為一名歌手。 ④We ______ ____ __ _____ in your homework this afternoon.
我們希望你今天下午交上作業(yè)。 has a strong desire for desires desires to be desire you to hand 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識】 (1)have a desire to do sth. 渴望做某事 have a desire for sth. 渴望得到某物 a desire +that-clause
……的愿望 (2)desire sth.
渴望某物 desire to do sth. 渴望做某事 desire sb. to do sth.
渴望(要求, 期望)某人做某事 desire+that-clause
希望, 要求…… 【悟一悟?參透誤區(qū)】 desire后接同位語從句(作名詞)和賓語從句(作動(dòng)詞)時(shí), 從句中用虛擬語氣, 即謂語為“should + 動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)。 *She desired that you (should) not chat online too often.
她要求你不要經(jīng)常上網(wǎng)聊天。 *It is everybody’s desire that every effort (should) be made to reduce the pollution in our city.
努力減少我市的污染是每一個(gè)人的愿望。 7. apply vi. 申請 vt. 使用, 應(yīng)用 【填一填?激活思維】 ①After 15 years in China, he finally decided to _____ ___
Chinese citizenship.
在中國生活了15年后, 他最終決定申請中國國籍。 ②In this way they can better _____ ______ __ practice.
這樣他們就能更好地把理論運(yùn)用到實(shí)踐中去。 apply for apply theory to 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識】 (1)apply for
申請 apply to do sth.
申請做某事 apply A to B
把A應(yīng)用到B中 apply to sb.
適用于某人 apply oneself to致力于 (2)application
n. 申請 applicant
n. 申請人 *The rules of safe driving apply to everyone.
這些安全行駛規(guī)則適用于每一個(gè)人。 *Students should apply themselves to their study.
學(xué)生們應(yīng)該專心致志地學(xué)習(xí)。 【核心短語】 8. come across (偶然)遇見; 發(fā)現(xiàn); (感覺、想法等)被 表達(dá)清楚 【填一填?激活思維】觀察句子, 寫出黑體部分的含義。 ①(2024·湖北高考)During the trip, I was busy recording
every incident, name and place I came across. (
) ②He spoke for a long time but his meaning did not really
come across. (
) 遇見 被表達(dá)清楚 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識】 come about發(fā)生 come true
(夢想等)被實(shí)現(xiàn) come up 出現(xiàn); 走近, 長出, 提出 come on 快點(diǎn); (用于鼓勵(lì))振作起來 come out 出版 come up with 想出, 提出(想法、計(jì)劃等) 9. result in 導(dǎo)致, 結(jié)果是…… 【填一填?激活思維】一句多譯。 他們的粗心導(dǎo)致了失敗。 ①Their carelessness _______ __ the failure.
②The failure _______ _____ their carelessness.
resulted in resulted from 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識】 result from 由……引起, 由……造成 as a result
結(jié)果, 因此 as a result of 由于……的結(jié)果; 由于 *(2024·山東高考) As a result, I had no choice but to completely focus on my study.
結(jié)果, 我別無選擇, 只好全身心地投入到學(xué)習(xí)中去。 *He didn’t work hard. As a result, he failed the exam.
=He didn’t work hard, which resulted in his failure in the exam.
=He failed the exam, which resulted from his laziness.
他沒有努力學(xué)習(xí), 因此考試不及格。 【悟一悟?參透誤區(qū)】 (1)result in的主語是“起因”, 賓語是“結(jié)果”; result from的主語是“結(jié)果”, 賓語是“起因”。 (2)表示“導(dǎo)致”的詞(短語)還有: cause, lead to, contribute to等。 【看一看?巧學(xué)助記】 巧記因果 10. pay off 成功, 帶來好結(jié)果; 還清, 付清 【填一填?激活思維】觀察句子, 寫出黑體部分的含義。 ①His hard work finally paid off with a gold medal.
(
) ②Ten years later, they paid off all their debts. (
) 帶來好結(jié)果 還清 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識】 pay back
償還(錢); 報(bào)答(某人) pay sb. for sth.
為某物付給某人錢 pay for sth.
付某物的錢 pay attention to
注意 pay a visit to 參觀, 訪問 *(2024·山東高考)All in all, every road leads to Rome, but I believe hard work pays off.
總而言之, 條條大路通羅馬, 但是我相信勤奮會(huì)帶來好結(jié)果的。 *(2024·四川高考)As students, we should pay more attention to our habits which we develop in our study.
作為學(xué)生, 我們應(yīng)該更多地關(guān)注我們在學(xué)習(xí)中養(yǎng)成的習(xí)慣。 11. look up to敬佩; 尊重, 尊敬 【填一填?激活思維】 ①We should ____ ___ __ him for his devotion to the work.
我們應(yīng)該尊重他對工作的奉獻(xiàn)。 ②She ______ ___ and saw me. 她抬頭看見了我。 look up to looked up 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識】 look up
向上看; 查閱 look back upon/on回顧 look down upon/on
瞧不起; 輕視 look forward to 盼望 look out for
留心 *We shouldn’t look down upon women. 我們不應(yīng)該瞧不起女性。 *I’m really looking forward to working with you.
我一心期待著與你共事。 【經(jīng)典句式】 12. By the 1920s, he had become an explorer, searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings.
到了20世紀(jì)20年代, 他已成為一名探險(xiǎn)家, 致力于尋找古埃及國王的陵墓。 【填一填?激活思維】 仿寫句子。 ①By the time we ___ to the cinema, the film __________.
我們到電影院時(shí)電影已經(jīng)開始了。 ②By the time you ______, we _____________our lunch.
到你到達(dá)時(shí), 我們將已吃過午飯了。 got had started arrive shall have had 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識】 “by +時(shí)間狀語”作狀語, 句子時(shí)態(tài)如下:
a. “by +過去時(shí)間”, 主句常用過去完成時(shí) b. “by +將來時(shí)間”, 主句常用將來完成時(shí) 13. Although Yang did not get the best scores on every single test, it was his high scores on the psychological tests that finally won him the status of China’s first astronaut.
雖然楊利偉并非每項(xiàng)測試都得了最高分, 但他各項(xiàng)心理測試所得的高分最終為他贏得了中國首位宇航員的身份。 【填一填?激活思維】 仿寫句子。 ①__________________________met her at the airport.
是她的丈夫在機(jī)場接她的。 ②__________________________________I came home late.
我回家遲了是因?yàn)橛晗碌煤艽蟆?③__________________________I learned it.
直到昨天我才知道這件事。 It was her husband who (that) It was because it was raining hard that It was not until yesterday that 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識】 (1)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本形式: It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who +句子的其他成分。 (2)一般疑問句形式: Is /was it+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+句子的其他成分?
(3)否定疑問句形式: Isn’t /Wasn’t it+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+句子的其他成分?
(4)特殊疑問句形式:
疑問代詞/疑問副詞+is/was+it+that/who+句子的其他成分?
(5)not. . . until用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句的句式:
It is/was not until. . . that. . .
*Is it an English dictionary that you want to buy?
你想買的是本英語詞典嗎?
*Wasn’t it he that/who had made a mistake?
難道不是他犯了個(gè)錯(cuò)誤嗎?
*Where was it that you saw her cellphone yesterday?
昨天你是在什么地方看到她的手機(jī)的?
【悟一悟?參透誤區(qū)】 (1)強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)用來強(qiáng)調(diào)主語、賓語和狀語等成分, 不能用來強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語。 (2)that只起連接作用, 不作成分, 但不能省略。只有當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為人時(shí), 才可以用who。that/who后的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。 (3)強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的判斷: 如果把it is/was和that/who去掉, 句子成分完整, 則是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。 【拓展延伸】強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與其他相似句型的區(qū)別 (1)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與定語從句 注意不要將表示地點(diǎn)的被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分看成是定語從句的先行詞, 從而將強(qiáng)調(diào)句型當(dāng)成定語從句。檢驗(yàn)的方法是試著將It is/was 和 that/who去掉, 如句子成分仍齊全, 則為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。例如:
