2024屆河北省衡水名校高考英語一輪復習撬題對點練：專題24 說明文（含解析）

　　Cloze 1 限時：6分鐘

　　Cultural differences occur wherever you go. When visiting

　　another country, you should be aware of those differences and____1___them. Here are some___2___on how to fit in.

　　Every traveler to a foreign country feels___3___at some point. What you do can make locals laugh. Your best defense is a sense of____4___. If you can laugh off eating with the wrong hand in India,

　　locals will warm to you as “that crazy foreigner”.

　　Wearing proper clothes is important too,____5___locals will judge

　　you by what you wear. In

　　some

　　Middle Eastern countries, exposing

　　your flesh is____6___， especially if you are a woman. So leave your torn

　　jeans at home.

　　Also be cautious about expressing____7___. Getting angry in

　　Southeast Asia just makes you look silly. In some countries it is____8___to kiss in public.

　　題材為社會生活類。我們到一個陌生的國家一定會遇到文化差異所帶來的困難。本文就如何應對這一現象提出了一些建議。

　　1．A.reject

　　B．recite

　　C．respect

　　D．remove

　　答案　C　[當到另外一個國家去游玩時，你應該意識到那些差異并去尊重(respect)它們。reject“拒絕，駁回”；recite“背誦”；respect“尊重，尊敬，重視”；remove“去除”。根據常識可知，應尊重文化差異。]

　　2．A.plans

　　B．tips

　　C．arguments

　　D．choices

　　答案　B　[這兒有幾條關于如何去適應這種差異的建議(tip)。]

　　3．A.unsafe

　　B．excited

　　C．satisfied

　　D．awkward

　　答案　D　[每一個到國外的游客在某種程度上都會感到不舒適。unsafe“不安全的”；excited“(感到)激動的，興奮的”；satisfied“(感到)滿意的”；awkward“不舒適的”。根據句意可知答案為D項。]

　　4．A.relief

　　B．belonging

　　C．humor

　　D．direction

　　答案　C　[當你的所作所為讓當地人發笑時，最好的保護自己的方法就是要有幽默感。a sense of humor“幽默感”。所以答案為C項。]

　　5．A.but

　　B．for

　　C．so

　　D．or

　　答案　B　[穿合適的衣服也是一件很重要的事，因為(for)當地人會根據你的穿著去判斷你。for在此表示原因。]

　　6．A.forbidden

　　B．allowed

　　C．expected

　　D．tolerated

　　答案　A　[根據下一句描述的“把你的破牛仔褲留在家里?！笨芍?，在一些中東國家，暴露身體是被禁止的事情，所以答案為A項。forbid“禁止，不準”；allow“允許，許可”；expect“期望，預期”；tolerate“容忍，忍受”。]

　　7．A.emotions

　　B．concern

　　C．interest

　　D．views

　　答案　A　[根據下一句的描述“在東南亞發怒會讓你看上去很傻”可知設空處句意為“在表達自己的情感(emotions)的時候也要小心謹慎點”。所以答案為A項。]

　　8．A.natural

　　B．advisable

　　C．unwise

　　D．unnecessary

　　答案　C　[有一些國家在公共場所接吻也是不明智的。natural“自然的，天生的”；advisable“可取的，明智的”；unwise“不明智的，愚蠢的”；unnecessary“不必要的”。]

　　Cloze 2

　　限時：16分鐘

　　If you want to learn a new language,

　　the very first thing to think about is why. Do you need it for a__1__ reason, such as your job or your studies？___2__ perhaps you're interested in the__3__， films or music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a___4__of the language.

　　Most people learn best using a variety of___5___,_but traditional classes are an ideal (理想的) start for many people. They___6__ an environment where you can practice under the__7__ of someone who's good at the language. We all lead___8__ lives and learning a language takes__9__. You will have more success if you study regularly, so try to develop a__10__. It doesn't matter if you haven't got long. Becoming fluent in a language will take years,

　　but learning to get by takes___11__.

　　Many people start learning a language and soon give up. “I'm too__12__，” they say. Yes, children do learn languages more___13__ than adults,

　　but research has shown that you can learn a language at any__14__. And learning is good for the health of your brain, too. I've also heard people__15__ about the mistakes they make when___16__. Well, relax and laugh about your mistakes___17__ you're much less likely to make them again.

　　Learning a new language is never___18__. But with some work and devotion,

　　you'll make progress. And you'll be___19__ by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in____20__ own language. Good luck!

　　學習外語并非易事，但最好的方式還是傳統的課堂學習模式，在老師的指導下，通過自己的努力，你會不斷地進步，并獲得學習外語的樂趣。

　　1．A.technical

　　B．political

　　C．practical

　　D．physical

　　答案　C　[根據空后的“... such as your job or your studies？”可知，此處是指學習英語的實際(practical)原因，故選C項。technical“技術的”；political“政治的”；physical“身體的；物理的”。]

　　2．A.After

　　B．So

　　C．Though

　　D．Or

　　答案　D　[聯系上文中的“a___1__ reason”可知，此處是指你學習外語的另一種原因，故用or連接兩個并列句。]

　　3．A.literature

　　B．transport

　　C．agriculture

　　D．medicine

　　答案　A　[根據此處所表達的并列關系可知，所填詞與后面的films, music一致，故用文學(literature)。transport“交通”；agriculture“農業”。]

　　4．A.view

　　B．knowledge

　　C．form

　　D．database

　　答案　B　[根據語境可知，此處是指如果你掌握了一門外語，你就會知道它的用途有多大。have a knowledge of意為“掌握”，是固定短語，符合語境。]

　　5．A.paintings

　　B．regulations

　　C．methods

　　D．computers

　　答案　C　[根據空后的“... but traditional classes are an ideal start for many people.”可知，此處表示絕大多數人學習外語會采用不同的方法(methods)。regulation“規范；規則”。]

　　6．A.protect

　　B．change

　　C．respect

　　D．provide

　　答案　D　[對許多人來說，既然傳統的課堂是理想的開始，那么，它們當然可以提供(provide)一種學習外語的環境。protect“保護”；change“改變”；respect“尊重”，均不符合語境。]

　　7．A.control

　　B．command

　　C．guidance

　　D．pressure

　　答案　C　[聯系之后的“someone who's good at the language”可知，在傳統的課堂上，你是在老師的指導(guidance)下來學習外語的。control“控制”；command“命令”；pressure“壓力”，均不符合語境。]

　　8．A.busy

　　B．happy

　　C．simple

　　D．normal

　　答案　A　[根據常識可知，我們的生活都很忙碌(busy)。]

　　9．A.courage

　　B．time

　　C．energy

　　D．place

　　答案　B　[根據下文中的“take years”可知，學習外語需要花費時間(time)。courage“勇氣”；energy“精力”；place“地方”，均不符合語境。]

　　10．A.theory

　　B．business

　　C．routine

　　D．project

　　答案　C　[根據空前的“if you study regularly”可知，此處強調學習外語要形成一種慣例(routine)。theory“理論”；business“生意”； project“工程，項目”，均不符合語境。]

　　11．A.some risks

　　B．a lot less

　　C．some notes

　　D．a lot more

　　答案　B　[根據語境可知，學習外語需要花費多年的時間。但如果能夠把握規律，就能夠節省時間，即花費的時間會少很多(a lot less)。]

　　12．A.old

　　B．nervous

　　C．weak

　　D．tired

　　答案　A　[根據下一句中的“children do learn languages more___13__ than adults”可以推斷出，有些人放棄學習外語的借口是：他們認為自己老了(old)。]

　　13．A.closely

　　B．quickly

　　C．privately

　　D．quietly

　　答案　B　[根據常識可知，孩子學習外語比成年人要快(quickly)，但是研究表明處在任何年齡(age)，你都可以學習外語。]

　　14．A.age

　　B．speed

　　C．distance

　　D．school

　　答案　A　[句意解析見上題。由上文提到的children和adults的對比意義可知答案。]

　　15．A.worry

　　B．hesitate

　　C．think

　　D．quarrel

　　答案　A　[聯系下文中作者的建議可知，很多人擔心(worry)自己會犯錯誤。]

　　16．A.singing

　　B．working

　　C．bargaining

　　D．learning

　　答案　D　[根據語境可知，有些人擔心自己在學習(learning)外語的過程中會犯錯誤。bargain“討價還價”。]

　　17．A.if

　　B．and

　　C．but

　　D．before

　　答案　B　[根據“祈使句＋and＋簡單句”的句式結構可知，此處是指：對于你所犯的錯誤要放松并付諸一笑，你很可能會避免再犯同樣的錯誤。]

　　18．A.tiresome

　　B．hard

　　C．interesting

　　D．easy

　　答案　D　[結合下文中but表示的轉折意義可知，此處強調學習外語從來都不是一件容易的(easy)事情。]

　　19．A.blamed

　　B．amazed

　　C．interrupted

　　D．informed

　　答案　B　[根據語境可知，當你用一門外語說了僅僅幾句話，而以這門語言為母語的一些人對你做出積極評價時，你會感到很吃驚(amazed)。]

　　20．A.their

　　B．his

　　C．our

　　D．your

　　答案　A　[此處指上文提到的“some

　　people”，也就是以這門語言為母語的人，故用their。]

　　Cloze 3

　　限時：16分鐘

　　Maybe you've lost your job. Maybe you didn't get the___1___in your job. Maybe your sweetheart___2___with you. People say “Don't take it personally” and “Don't let it get to you”， but that's very____3___to do.

　　If you're feeling disheartened,___4___are some strategies (策略) for making yourself feel better? It's pretty clear that___5___“I'm the greatest！” or winning a prize along with every other second-grade soccer player isn't a good way to___6___healthy self-respect.

　　Then what can you do to feel better? Here are some____7___to follow：

　　Do a good deed. This is as selfish as it is selfless; you'll___8___as much as the person you're helping. I had a friend who___9___a period of vast rejection: she was fired from her___10__， she didn't get into the graduate program to which she'd___11__， and her boyfriend split

　　up with her. Everything worked out fine___12__， and I asked her how

　　she got through such a(n)___13__ time. She said，“I was___14__ addicted to doing good deeds for other people. It was the only way I

　　could make myself feel like I wasn't a total loser.”

　　Keep

　　a resolution

　　(決心). Not only will you benefit from exercising or___15__ out your garage, but you'll also get a boost (激勵) from the mere fact that you made a___16__ and stuck to it.

　　Boost your___17__. Studies show that when you're feeling energetic, you're much

　　more

　　likely

　　to feel

　　good

　　about

　　yourself. Most

　　important: get enough sleep.

　　Challenge yourself___18__. This strategy doesn't work for me,

　　but I know that many people feel great___19___ white-water rafting, bungee jumping, or roller-coaster-riding. For the less daring, a great run, or bike ride can do the___20__.

　　當挫折和失敗讓自己感到心灰意冷、自我懷疑的時候，怎樣做才能恢復自尊、自信呢？

　　1．A.promotion

　　B．gift

　　C．match

　　D．break

　　答案　A　[根據上下文可知，作者在列舉一些讓人感到不開心的事情。在職場中，沒能獲得晉升就是其中之一。promotion“提升”；gift“禮物”；match“比賽”； break“休息”。]

　　2．A.kept up

　　B．put up

　　C．broke up

　　D．made up

　　答案　C　[或許你的心上人和你分手了。break up with sb.“與某人分手”；keep

　　up with sb.“跟上某人”；put up with sb.“容忍某人”；make up with sb.“同某人言歸于好”。]

　　3．A.easy

　　B．hard

　　C．dangerous

　　D．pleasant

　　答案　B　[句意：人們說“你別往心里去”“不要讓它對你產生影響”，但是那做起來卻很難。but提示上下文存在轉折關系，說明事情是說起來容易，但是做起來難。]

　　4．A.which

　　B．how

　　C．where

　　D．what

　　答案　D　[如果你覺得心灰意冷，有什么(what)策略能讓你感覺好點呢？]

　　5．A.hearing

　　B．praising

　　C．knowing D．repeating

　　答案　D　[根據下文“I'm the greatest！”以及常理推斷，在遭受挫敗的時候，人們往往對自己重復(repeating)一些鼓勵的話，讓自己心情好起來。]

　　6．A.have

　　B．lose

　　C．build

　　D．hurt

　　答案　C　[重復“我是最棒的！”或者在和其他二流足球隊員比賽時獲勝都不是增強自尊的好方法。build此處意思是“逐漸增強”。]

　　7．A.ideas

　　B．tips

　　C．plans

　　D．methods

　　答案　B　[根據下文內容可知，這是作者提出的幾點建議。tip常用來表示一些有用的小建議；idea“主意，想法”；plan“計劃”；method“(系統的)方法”。]

　　8．A.benefit

　　B．repay

　　C．reject

　　D．demand

　　答案　A　[你會和你所幫助的人獲得一樣多的收益。benefit“得益于”；repay“償還”；reject“拒絕接受”；demand“要求”。]

　　9．A.went through

　　B．came across

　　C．looked for

　　D．waited for

　　答案　A　[這里指經歷了一系列嚴重的挫敗。go through“經歷”；come across“偶然碰到”；look for“尋找”；wait for“等候”。]