2024屆高考英語一輪復習課時訓練：Unit 21 Human Biology
課時作業21 Unit 21 Human Biology
一、單元扣點
.單詞拼寫
1．At that time women had no right to ________(選舉) in the country.
答案 vote
2．Is Japan the only country with a population ________(下降)?
答案 decline
3．I begin to ________(尋求) the right expressive way.
答案 seek
4．You should have a walk after supper for the food to ________(消化)．
答案 digest
5．What is the average ________(年度的) rainfall in this region?
答案 annual
6．Nobody can r________ me of my right to work and speak.
答案 rob
7．Smoking is p________ here in the meeting room.
答案 prohibited
8．Humans strongly o________ violence and war.
答案 oppose
9．China institutes nine-year c________ education.
答案 compulsory
10．No one can f________ what will happen in the future.答案 foresee
.完成句子
1．他站在那里，不知道在他身上將會發生什么。
He stood there, not knowing what ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ him.
答案 was about to happen to
2．急救中心配有裝備，可處理這種災難。
The emergency services are ________ ________ ________ ________ disasters of this kind.
答案 equipped to deal with
3．我對他很有信心。
I have great ________ ________ ________.
答案 faith/confidence in him
4．過去的幾周里，他的健康狀況變得越來越壞。
His health has ________ ________ these past few weeks.
答案 been declining
5．假使你不來，你就會錯過所有的美食。
If you don't come, ________ ________ ________ all of the good food.
答案 you'll miss out
二、閱讀理解
(2024·四川卷)
Nothing could stop Dad. After he was put on disability for a bad back, he bought a small farm in the country, just enough to grow food for the family. He planted vegetables, fruit trees and even kept bees for honey.
And every week he cleaned Old Man McColgin's chicken house in exchange for manure (肥料). The smell really burned the inside of your nose. When we complained about the terrible smell, Dad said the stronger the manure, the healthier the crops, and he was right. For example, just one of his cantaloupes filled the entire house with its sweet smell, and the taste was even sweeter.
As the vegetables started coming in, Dad threw himself into cooking. One day, armed with a basket of vegetables, he announced he was going to make stew (燉菜). Dad pulled out a pressure cooker and filled it up with cabbages, eggplants, potatoes, corns, onions and carrots. For about half an hour, the pressure built and the vegetables cooked. Finally, Dad turned off the stove, the pot began to cool and the pressure relief valve sprayed out a cloud of steam. If we thought Dad's pile of chicken manure was bad, this was 10 times worse. When Dad took off the lid, the smell nearly knocked us out.
Dad carried the pot out and we opened doors and windows to air out the house. Just how bad was it? The neighbors came out of their houses to see if we had a gas leak!
Determined, Dad filled our plates with steaming stew and passed them around. It didn't look that bad, and after the first wave had shut down my ability to smell, it didn't offend the nose so much, either. I took a taste. It would never win a prize in a cooking competition, but it was surprisingly edible, and we drank up every last drop of soup!
語篇解讀 本文是一篇記敘文。沒有什么能阻止父親勞動——他在鄉下買了一個小農場，種植蔬菜水果，飼養蜜蜂，還每周打掃Old Man McColgin的雞窩，收集肥料。
1．Why did Dad clean Old Man McColgin's chicken house regularly?
A. To earn some money for the family.
B. To collect manure for his crops.
C. To get rid of the terrible smell.
D. To set a good example to us.
答案與解析 B 考查細節理解。由第二段中的“And every week he cleaned Old Man McColgin's chicken house in exchange for manure (肥料)”可知，父親每周打掃Old Man McColgin的雞窩是為了收集肥料。
2．What can we infer about Dad's stew?
A. It is popular among the neighbors.
B. It contains honey and vegetables.
C. It looks very wonderful.
D. It tastes quite delicious.
答案與解析 D 考查推理判斷。由最后一段中的“It would never win a prize in a cooking competition, but it was surprisingly edible, and we drank up every last drop of soup！”可知，Dad燉的菜很可口。
3．What does the underlined word “offend” in the last paragraph mean?
A. To attract.
B. To upset.
C. To air.
D. To shut.
答案與解析 B 考查詞義猜測。根據畫線詞所在段中的信息“after the first wave had shut down my ability to smell”以及“I took a taste”可知，后來燉菜的氣味也不是很難聞。所以offend意為“令人不適”，這與B選項相符。
4．What can we learn about Dad from the text?
A. He is an experienced cook.
B. He is a troublesome father.
C. He has a positive attitude to life.
D. He suffers a lot from his disability.
答案與解析 C 考查推理判斷。從第一段中的“Nothing could stop Dad. After he was put on disability for a bad back, he bought a small farm in the country...”以及下文父親燉菜的經歷可知，父親的生活態度很樂觀。
三、完形填空
(2024·云南畢業生檢測)
I have two friends who love backpacking. They spent a lot of time in a part of New York State's Adirondack Mountains. It __1__6 mountains with a height of over 4,000 feet. The Adirondack Mountain Club gives __2__ recognition and an award to anyone who __3__ all 6 mountains. My two friends decided to go for this award.
Now what you have to understand is that __4__many of the 6 mountains have well-marked__5__to their summits (山頂), others are not marked at all. You have to “bushwhack (在叢林中開路)” using a compass and a map.
My friends had climbed 5 of the mountains. They had just one __6__—it was the most __7__， requiring bushwhacking. A hiking path led past the base of the mountain, but from that point they were on their own.
Early one morning they left their__8__and walked five miles on the hiking path to the base of a chain of mountains. When they arrived, they __9__ that they had left their compass and map in the camp. Rather than __10__ the camp, they decided to bushwhack without the compass and map.
For hours they__11__uphill experiencing the enduring heat, thick bushes, and black flies. __12__， in the late afternoon they found themselves at the __13__ of a mountain successfully. They were exhausted but __14__.
The feeling was short-lived, however. When they looked across the valley, they __15__ another higher mountain. They had climbed the __16__ one! It was too __17__ that weekend to correct their error. They had to __18__another four months to climb the right mountain.
This story __19__us a good lesson. Often in life we put in a great effort to reach a goal. But without the right “map” and “compass”， it is __20__ to get “lost”．
1．A. goes through
B. consists of
C. relies on
D. connects to
2．A. special
B. similar
C. normal
D. general
3．A. describes
B. draws
C. observes
D. climbs
4．A. while
B. since
C. because
D. unless
5．A. paths
B. rivers
C. views
D. avenues
6．A. occupied
B. left
C. deserted
D. missed
7．A. interesting
B. changeable
C. reachable
D. remote
8．A. house
B. room
C. camp
D. yard
9．A. ignored
B. discovered
C. sensed
D. explained
10．A. departing from
B. traveling to
C. returning to
D. going for
11．A. jumped
B. wandered
C. ran
D. walked
12．A. Immediately
B. Surely
C. Finally
D. Hopefully
13．A. bottom
B. top
C. slope
D. base
14．A. embarrassed
B. moved
C. disturbed
D. excited
15．A. admired
B. checked
C. saw
D. appreciated
16．A. strange
B. wrong
C. distant
D. steep
17．A. late
B. dangerous
C. puzzling
D. helpless
18．A. save
B. wait
C. gain
D. put
19．A. sends B. tells
C. recommends
D. teaches
20．A. easy
B. hard
C. annoying
D. discouraging
答案與解析
語篇解讀 作者通過講述朋友登山的經歷告訴我們：人生中要想實現自己的目標，那就需要選擇好正確的方向。
1．B 它由6座高度超過4 000英尺的山脈組成(consists of)。go through “經歷”；rely on“依靠”；connect to“連接”。故B項正確。
2．A Adirondack Mountain Club給予特別的(special)認可。similar“類似的”；normal“正常的”；general“普通的”。故A項正確。
3．D 攀登(climbs)完6座山。describe“描述”；draw“畫”；observe“觀察”。故D項正確。
4．A 現在你不得不去明白的是6座山中的許多山有做好標記的小路通往山頂，而其他的山則一點兒標記也沒有。while“(對比兩件事物)……而”，故A項正確。
5．A 參見上題解析。path“小路”；river“河”；view“風景”；avenue“林蔭道”。故A項正確。
6．B “我”的朋友已經攀登了5座山，僅剩下(left)一座了。故B項正確。
7．D 那座山是最遙遠的(remote)。interesting“有趣的”；changeable“易變的”；reachable“可及，可到達”。故D項正確。
8．C 他們一大清早就離開了營地(camp)。house“房屋”；room“房間”；yard“院子”。故C項正確。
9．B 當他們到達時，他們發現(discovered)他們把指南針和地圖遺留在了營地。ignore“忽視”；sense“感覺到”；explain“解釋”。故B項正確。
10．C 他們決定在沒有指南針和地圖的情況下穿越叢林，而不是返回(returning to)營地。故C項正確。
11．D 數小時來，他們經歷著持久的高溫、濃密的灌木叢和黑色的蒼蠅向山上走(walked)去。jump“跳”；run“跑”；wander“徘徊”。故D項正確。
12．C 最后(Finally)，在傍晚，他們成功地來到了山頂(top)。immediately“立即”；surely“必定”；hopefully“有希望地”。故C項正確。
13．B 參見上題解析。bottom“底部”；top“頂部”；slope“斜坡”；base“根基”。故B項正確。
14．D 他們感到筋疲力盡但很激動(excited)。embarrassed“尷尬的”；moved“感動的”；disturbed“心神不安的”。故D項正確。
15．C 當他們眺望山谷時，他們看見(saw)另外一座更高的山。admire“欽佩”；check“檢查”；appreciate“欣賞”。故C項正確。
16．B 他們攀登上了錯誤的(wrong)山。strange“陌生的”；distant“遙遠的”；steep“陡峭的”。故B項正確。
17．A 那個周末太晚(late)了而不能糾正他們的錯誤了。dangerous“有危險的”；puzzling“令人迷惑的”；helpless“無助的”。故A項正確。
18．B 他們不得不再等待(wait)四個月去攀登正確的山。故B項正確。
19．D 這個故事給了我們一個很好的教訓。teach sb. a lesson表示“給某人一個教訓”，故D項正確。
20．A 但是如果沒有正確的“地圖”和“指南針”，很容易(easy)“迷失”。hard“艱難的”；annoying“使惱怒的”；discouraging“令人喪氣的”。故A項正確。
課時作業21 Unit 21 Human Biology
一、單元扣點
.單詞拼寫
1．At that time women had no right to ________(選舉) in the country.
答案 vote
2．Is Japan the only country with a population ________(下降)?
答案 decline
3．I begin to ________(尋求) the right expressive way.
答案 seek
4．You should have a walk after supper for the food to ________(消化)．
答案 digest
5．What is the average ________(年度的) rainfall in this region?
答案 annual
6．Nobody can r________ me of my right to work and speak.
答案 rob
7．Smoking is p________ here in the meeting room.
答案 prohibited
8．Humans strongly o________ violence and war.
答案 oppose
9．China institutes nine-year c________ education.
答案 compulsory
10．No one can f________ what will happen in the future.答案 foresee
.完成句子
1．他站在那里，不知道在他身上將會發生什么。
He stood there, not knowing what ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ him.
答案 was about to happen to
2．急救中心配有裝備，可處理這種災難。
The emergency services are ________ ________ ________ ________ disasters of this kind.
答案 equipped to deal with
3．我對他很有信心。
I have great ________ ________ ________.
答案 faith/confidence in him
4．過去的幾周里，他的健康狀況變得越來越壞。
His health has ________ ________ these past few weeks.
答案 been declining
5．假使你不來，你就會錯過所有的美食。
If you don't come, ________ ________ ________ all of the good food.
答案 you'll miss out
二、閱讀理解
(2024·四川卷)
Nothing could stop Dad. After he was put on disability for a bad back, he bought a small farm in the country, just enough to grow food for the family. He planted vegetables, fruit trees and even kept bees for honey.
And every week he cleaned Old Man McColgin's chicken house in exchange for manure (肥料). The smell really burned the inside of your nose. When we complained about the terrible smell, Dad said the stronger the manure, the healthier the crops, and he was right. For example, just one of his cantaloupes filled the entire house with its sweet smell, and the taste was even sweeter.
As the vegetables started coming in, Dad threw himself into cooking. One day, armed with a basket of vegetables, he announced he was going to make stew (燉菜). Dad pulled out a pressure cooker and filled it up with cabbages, eggplants, potatoes, corns, onions and carrots. For about half an hour, the pressure built and the vegetables cooked. Finally, Dad turned off the stove, the pot began to cool and the pressure relief valve sprayed out a cloud of steam. If we thought Dad's pile of chicken manure was bad, this was 10 times worse. When Dad took off the lid, the smell nearly knocked us out.
Dad carried the pot out and we opened doors and windows to air out the house. Just how bad was it? The neighbors came out of their houses to see if we had a gas leak!
Determined, Dad filled our plates with steaming stew and passed them around. It didn't look that bad, and after the first wave had shut down my ability to smell, it didn't offend the nose so much, either. I took a taste. It would never win a prize in a cooking competition, but it was surprisingly edible, and we drank up every last drop of soup!
語篇解讀 本文是一篇記敘文。沒有什么能阻止父親勞動——他在鄉下買了一個小農場，種植蔬菜水果，飼養蜜蜂，還每周打掃Old Man McColgin的雞窩，收集肥料。
1．Why did Dad clean Old Man McColgin's chicken house regularly?
A. To earn some money for the family.
B. To collect manure for his crops.
C. To get rid of the terrible smell.
D. To set a good example to us.
答案與解析 B 考查細節理解。由第二段中的“And every week he cleaned Old Man McColgin's chicken house in exchange for manure (肥料)”可知，父親每周打掃Old Man McColgin的雞窩是為了收集肥料。
2．What can we infer about Dad's stew?
A. It is popular among the neighbors.
B. It contains honey and vegetables.
C. It looks very wonderful.
D. It tastes quite delicious.
答案與解析 D 考查推理判斷。由最后一段中的“It would never win a prize in a cooking competition, but it was surprisingly edible, and we drank up every last drop of soup！”可知，Dad燉的菜很可口。
3．What does the underlined word “offend” in the last paragraph mean?
A. To attract.
B. To upset.
C. To air.
D. To shut.
答案與解析 B 考查詞義猜測。根據畫線詞所在段中的信息“after the first wave had shut down my ability to smell”以及“I took a taste”可知，后來燉菜的氣味也不是很難聞。所以offend意為“令人不適”，這與B選項相符。
4．What can we learn about Dad from the text?
A. He is an experienced cook.
B. He is a troublesome father.
C. He has a positive attitude to life.
D. He suffers a lot from his disability.
答案與解析 C 考查推理判斷。從第一段中的“Nothing could stop Dad. After he was put on disability for a bad back, he bought a small farm in the country...”以及下文父親燉菜的經歷可知，父親的生活態度很樂觀。
三、完形填空
(2024·云南畢業生檢測)
I have two friends who love backpacking. They spent a lot of time in a part of New York State's Adirondack Mountains. It __1__6 mountains with a height of over 4,000 feet. The Adirondack Mountain Club gives __2__ recognition and an award to anyone who __3__ all 6 mountains. My two friends decided to go for this award.
Now what you have to understand is that __4__many of the 6 mountains have well-marked__5__to their summits (山頂), others are not marked at all. You have to “bushwhack (在叢林中開路)” using a compass and a map.
My friends had climbed 5 of the mountains. They had just one __6__—it was the most __7__， requiring bushwhacking. A hiking path led past the base of the mountain, but from that point they were on their own.
Early one morning they left their__8__and walked five miles on the hiking path to the base of a chain of mountains. When they arrived, they __9__ that they had left their compass and map in the camp. Rather than __10__ the camp, they decided to bushwhack without the compass and map.
For hours they__11__uphill experiencing the enduring heat, thick bushes, and black flies. __12__， in the late afternoon they found themselves at the __13__ of a mountain successfully. They were exhausted but __14__.
The feeling was short-lived, however. When they looked across the valley, they __15__ another higher mountain. They had climbed the __16__ one! It was too __17__ that weekend to correct their error. They had to __18__another four months to climb the right mountain.
This story __19__us a good lesson. Often in life we put in a great effort to reach a goal. But without the right “map” and “compass”， it is __20__ to get “lost”．
1．A. goes through
B. consists of
C. relies on
D. connects to
2．A. special
B. similar
C. normal
D. general
3．A. describes
B. draws
C. observes
D. climbs
4．A. while
B. since
C. because
D. unless
5．A. paths
B. rivers
C. views
D. avenues
6．A. occupied
B. left
C. deserted
D. missed
7．A. interesting
B. changeable
C. reachable
D. remote
8．A. house
B. room
C. camp
D. yard
9．A. ignored
B. discovered
C. sensed
D. explained
10．A. departing from
B. traveling to
C. returning to
D. going for
11．A. jumped
B. wandered
C. ran
D. walked
12．A. Immediately
B. Surely
C. Finally
D. Hopefully
13．A. bottom
B. top
C. slope
D. base
14．A. embarrassed
B. moved
C. disturbed
D. excited
15．A. admired
B. checked
C. saw
D. appreciated
16．A. strange
B. wrong
C. distant
D. steep
17．A. late
B. dangerous
C. puzzling
D. helpless
18．A. save
B. wait
C. gain
D. put
19．A. sends B. tells
C. recommends
D. teaches
20．A. easy
B. hard
C. annoying
D. discouraging
答案與解析
語篇解讀 作者通過講述朋友登山的經歷告訴我們：人生中要想實現自己的目標，那就需要選擇好正確的方向。
1．B 它由6座高度超過4 000英尺的山脈組成(consists of)。go through “經歷”；rely on“依靠”；connect to“連接”。故B項正確。
2．A Adirondack Mountain Club給予特別的(special)認可。similar“類似的”；normal“正常的”；general“普通的”。故A項正確。
3．D 攀登(climbs)完6座山。describe“描述”；draw“畫”；observe“觀察”。故D項正確。
4．A 現在你不得不去明白的是6座山中的許多山有做好標記的小路通往山頂，而其他的山則一點兒標記也沒有。while“(對比兩件事物)……而”，故A項正確。
5．A 參見上題解析。path“小路”；river“河”；view“風景”；avenue“林蔭道”。故A項正確。
6．B “我”的朋友已經攀登了5座山，僅剩下(left)一座了。故B項正確。
7．D 那座山是最遙遠的(remote)。interesting“有趣的”；changeable“易變的”；reachable“可及，可到達”。故D項正確。
8．C 他們一大清早就離開了營地(camp)。house“房屋”；room“房間”；yard“院子”。故C項正確。
9．B 當他們到達時，他們發現(discovered)他們把指南針和地圖遺留在了營地。ignore“忽視”；sense“感覺到”；explain“解釋”。故B項正確。
10．C 他們決定在沒有指南針和地圖的情況下穿越叢林，而不是返回(returning to)營地。故C項正確。
11．D 數小時來，他們經歷著持久的高溫、濃密的灌木叢和黑色的蒼蠅向山上走(walked)去。jump“跳”；run“跑”；wander“徘徊”。故D項正確。
12．C 最后(Finally)，在傍晚，他們成功地來到了山頂(top)。immediately“立即”；surely“必定”；hopefully“有希望地”。故C項正確。
13．B 參見上題解析。bottom“底部”；top“頂部”；slope“斜坡”；base“根基”。故B項正確。
14．D 他們感到筋疲力盡但很激動(excited)。embarrassed“尷尬的”；moved“感動的”；disturbed“心神不安的”。故D項正確。
15．C 當他們眺望山谷時，他們看見(saw)另外一座更高的山。admire“欽佩”；check“檢查”；appreciate“欣賞”。故C項正確。
16．B 他們攀登上了錯誤的(wrong)山。strange“陌生的”；distant“遙遠的”；steep“陡峭的”。故B項正確。
17．A 那個周末太晚(late)了而不能糾正他們的錯誤了。dangerous“有危險的”；puzzling“令人迷惑的”；helpless“無助的”。故A項正確。
18．B 他們不得不再等待(wait)四個月去攀登正確的山。故B項正確。
19．D 這個故事給了我們一個很好的教訓。teach sb. a lesson表示“給某人一個教訓”，故D項正確。
20．A 但是如果沒有正確的“地圖”和“指南針”，很容易(easy)“迷失”。hard“艱難的”；annoying“使惱怒的”；discouraging“令人喪氣的”。故A項正確。
