2024屆高考英語(yǔ)（新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅰ）二輪復(fù)習(xí)課件：專題5 定語(yǔ)從句

　　欄目導(dǎo)引 專題強(qiáng) 化訓(xùn)練 專題5　定語(yǔ)從句 2024高考導(dǎo)航——適用于全國(guó)卷Ⅰ 專題5　定語(yǔ)從句 考查點(diǎn) 2024 2024 2024 命題趨勢(shì) 定語(yǔ)從句 全國(guó)卷Ⅰ64題[關(guān)系代詞that/which] 全國(guó)卷Ⅰ67題[關(guān)系代詞that/which] 未考 高考對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句的考查集中在關(guān)系代詞(that，which，who)及關(guān)系副詞(when，where)的選用上,且在語(yǔ)篇型語(yǔ)法填空中的考查形式為無(wú)提示型。 1．(2024·高考安徽卷，單項(xiàng)填空，改編)Some experts think

　　reading is the fundamental skill upon ____________ school

　　education depends. 2．(2024·高考四川卷，單項(xiàng)填空，改編)The books on the

　　desk，____________covers are shiny，are prizes for us. 3．(2024·泰安二模)The work camp was mainly made up of

　　teenagers____________had given up part of their summer vacation to help others. 考點(diǎn)一　關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 which whose who/that 4．(2024·河北保定二模)However，he had no other choice， though.First Jack was to draft the speech，____________was

　　just a piece of cake for him because he was a good writer. 5．(2024·濟(jì)寧模擬)____________is expected，the air quality

　　in the city has improved in the past two months. which As 1．which指物，在從句中可以作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以 省略。 2．that指人或物均可，在從句中可以作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ) 時(shí)可以省略。 She showed the visitors around the museum that/which had been constructed three years before. 她帶著這些游客參觀了那座三年前建造的博物館。 3.限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,關(guān)系代詞只用that不用which的情況： (1)先行詞為不定代詞all，anything，nothing，something，everything,nothing,none，the one等或被不定代詞修飾時(shí)。 I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else’s fault. 我拒絕接受因別人的錯(cuò)誤而對(duì)我進(jìn)行的指責(zé)。 (2)先行詞是形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞，或先行詞前有形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。 The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 他們?cè)诠鹆謪⒂^的第一個(gè)地方是象鼻山。 (3)先行詞被the only，the very，the last，the same，any，every，each，few，little，no，some等修飾時(shí)。 The only part of the meal that I really liked was the dessert.這頓飯只有甜點(diǎn)是我愛(ài)吃的。 (4)先行詞既有表示人又有表示物的名詞時(shí)。 They will never forget the things and persons that they’ve seen or heard of during their long journey. 他們將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記在他們的長(zhǎng)途旅行中見(jiàn)到或聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)的人 和事。 4．關(guān)系詞只用which而不用that的情況：(一句話口訣：介詞后、逗號(hào)后不可用that) (1)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)。 Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T－shirt，which is a stupid thing to do in such weather. 特德周末來(lái)時(shí)只穿著短褲和一件T恤，這種天氣穿這樣的衣服有點(diǎn)傻。 (2)當(dāng)從句中的介詞提前，構(gòu)成“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)。 We live in an age in which more information is available with greater ease than ever before. 我們生活在一個(gè)信息比以前更容易獲得的時(shí)代。 5．who，whom的用法 who或whom均可指代人，但who在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，whom在從句中作賓語(yǔ)；兩者在引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)常可用that替換。作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，who/that不可省略；作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，whom/who/that可以省略。 I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school who/whom/that I met in the English speech contest last year.我與好幾位去年在英語(yǔ)演講比賽中結(jié)識(shí)的同校同學(xué)成了好朋友。 6．whose的用法 whose表所屬關(guān)系，既可指人也可指物，在從句中作定語(yǔ)。指物時(shí)相當(dāng)于of which；指人時(shí)相當(dāng)于of whom。 The school shop, whose customers are mainly students，is closed for the holidays.　 這家校內(nèi)商店的主要顧客是學(xué)生，放假時(shí)商店關(guān)門。 7．a(chǎn)s也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，定語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明整個(gè)句子，可放在主句之前。常用的這種類似插入語(yǔ)的句式有as is said above，as is already mentioned above，as often happens，as is often the case，as is reported in the newspaper，such...as...，the same...as...等。 Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China.像在我們車間使用的機(jī)器是中國(guó)制造的。 “You can’t judge a book by its cover，”as the old saying goes.正如老話所說(shuō)的那樣：“人不可貌相。” 單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．(2024·河北邢臺(tái)高三摸底考試)Officer：I’m afraid I

　　can’t do that，Madam.In school zones，I’m required to

　　give tickets to all drivers____________break the rules.It’s the law in this county.

　　2．(2024·煙臺(tái)模擬)Those____________want to go to the

　　museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. who/that who 3.I’m glad to introduce Mr.Smith to you，without_______ consideration our project would have ended in failure.

　　4．____________is often the case with children，Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived. whose As 1．(2024·滕州5月模擬)She dreamed of the day__________ the manager of the supermarket would say to her with a

　　smile，“Madam，this is your lucky day.Everything in your

　　basket is free.”

　　2．Mr.Brown was tired of living in the big city___________ he worked.He wanted to move to the country and live in a

　　house from which he could get to his office in the city early

　　every day. 考點(diǎn)二　關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 when where 3．(2024·江西鷹潭二模)The police must give the reasons ____________they are arresting him and tell him his rights

　　under the law. 4．(2024·高考陜西卷，語(yǔ)法和詞匯知識(shí)，改編)As the

　　smallest child of his family，Alex is always longing for the

　　time____________he should be able to be independent. why when 1．where表地點(diǎn)，在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于“介詞in/at/on...＋which”。 A bank is the place where they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. 銀行是在天晴之時(shí)借傘給你，到了下雨時(shí)就催你還回去的 地方。 2．當(dāng)先行詞為situation，case，stage，point，atmosphere等抽象名詞，且引導(dǎo)詞在定語(yǔ)從句中表示事情發(fā)生的情況、階段等時(shí)，常用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。 (2024·高考浙江卷，單項(xiàng)填空，改編)Creating an atmosphere where employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.創(chuàng)造出讓員工感覺(jué)到自己就是團(tuán)隊(duì)一員的一種氛圍是極大的挑戰(zhàn)。 3．why表原因，在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于“介詞for＋which”結(jié)構(gòu)。 Do you know the reason why/for which he didn’t attend the meeting? 你知道他沒(méi)參加會(huì)議的原因嗎？ 特別注意 在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，常用for which表原因而不用why。 I had told them the reason，for which I didn’t attend the meeting. 我把理由告訴了他們，為此我沒(méi)有去開(kāi)會(huì)。 4．when表時(shí)間，在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于“介詞in/at/on/during...＋which”結(jié)構(gòu)。 (2024·高考湖南卷，單項(xiàng)填空，改編)I am looking forward to the day when my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.我正期待著那一天的到來(lái)，那時(shí)我女兒可以讀這本書并且了解我對(duì)她的感情。 單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．(2024·高考北京卷，單項(xiàng)填空，改編)Opposite is St.Paul’s

　　Church，____________you can hear some lovely music.

　　2．(2024·湖南懷化一模)Almost every teenager will experience

　　a period in their life____________they aren’t content with their parents. 3．(2024·山師大附中模擬)It would have turned into another

　　one of those moments____________the thought of sending a

　　card crossed my mind but never actually happened. where when when 技法1　識(shí)別定語(yǔ)從句、并列句 在英語(yǔ)中，有許多從句，如主語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句以及強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與定語(yǔ)從句有許多相似之處。因此，命題人會(huì)利用這些相似性，設(shè)置一個(gè)特定語(yǔ)境，來(lái)考查考生對(duì)這些易混點(diǎn)的辨析能力。遇到這樣的問(wèn)題，我們的思路就是：抓住它們各自的特征，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境去判斷到底屬于何種句型或從句。

　　(2024·泰安檢測(cè))There were many people waiting at the bus stop，some of____________looked very anxious and disappointed，but none of____________jumped the queue. 【解析】　此題考查定語(yǔ)從句和并列句的區(qū)別。第一空為定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞people，第二空由but可知為并列句應(yīng)用them。句意：許多人都在公共汽車站等，一些人看起來(lái)很焦慮又很失望，但是沒(méi)有一個(gè)人插隊(duì)。 whom them 技法2　分析先行詞，確定引導(dǎo)詞 首先確定先行詞，然后分析引導(dǎo)詞在從句中充當(dāng)什么成分：作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)用關(guān)系代詞which/that/who/whom/as；作定語(yǔ)用whose；作狀語(yǔ)則用關(guān)系副詞when/where/why；作介詞賓語(yǔ)則用關(guān)系代詞which/whom。 另外，考生應(yīng)考慮特殊情況：只用that的情況、只用which的情況、as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句等。

　　(2024·高考福建卷，單項(xiàng)填空，改編)The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those_________ lives were affected. 【解析】　句意：這本書從經(jīng)歷過(guò)地震的人的角度來(lái)講述地震的故事。主句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，先行詞those，引導(dǎo)詞代替先行詞在從句中修飾名詞lives，作定語(yǔ)，因此用whose。

　　whose

　　(2024·高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ，語(yǔ)法填空，節(jié)選)I’d skipped

　　nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the

　　limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River ____________are pictured by artists in so many Chinese

　　paintings. 【解析】　句意：我曾與桂林擦身而過(guò)，那是游客盡覽石灰?guī)r群峰和漓江綠水的夢(mèng)幻之境，是被中國(guó)藝術(shù)家在很多繪畫作品中描繪的地方。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River，且引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故填關(guān)系代詞that或which。 that/which 欄目導(dǎo)引 專題強(qiáng) 化訓(xùn)練 專題5　定語(yǔ)從句

　　欄目導(dǎo)引 專題強(qiáng) 化訓(xùn)練 專題5　定語(yǔ)從句 2024高考導(dǎo)航——適用于全國(guó)卷Ⅰ 專題5　定語(yǔ)從句 考查點(diǎn) 2024 2024 2024 命題趨勢(shì) 定語(yǔ)從句 全國(guó)卷Ⅰ64題[關(guān)系代詞that/which] 全國(guó)卷Ⅰ67題[關(guān)系代詞that/which] 未考 高考對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句的考查集中在關(guān)系代詞(that，which，who)及關(guān)系副詞(when，where)的選用上,且在語(yǔ)篇型語(yǔ)法填空中的考查形式為無(wú)提示型。 1．(2024·高考安徽卷，單項(xiàng)填空，改編)Some experts think

　　reading is the fundamental skill upon ____________ school

　　education depends. 2．(2024·高考四川卷，單項(xiàng)填空，改編)The books on the

　　desk，____________covers are shiny，are prizes for us. 3．(2024·泰安二模)The work camp was mainly made up of

　　teenagers____________had given up part of their summer vacation to help others. 考點(diǎn)一　關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 which whose who/that 4．(2024·河北保定二模)However，he had no other choice， though.First Jack was to draft the speech，____________was

　　just a piece of cake for him because he was a good writer. 5．(2024·濟(jì)寧模擬)____________is expected，the air quality

　　in the city has improved in the past two months. which As 1．which指物，在從句中可以作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以 省略。 2．that指人或物均可，在從句中可以作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ) 時(shí)可以省略。 She showed the visitors around the museum that/which had been constructed three years before. 她帶著這些游客參觀了那座三年前建造的博物館。 3.限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,關(guān)系代詞只用that不用which的情況： (1)先行詞為不定代詞all，anything，nothing，something，everything,nothing,none，the one等或被不定代詞修飾時(shí)。 I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else’s fault. 我拒絕接受因別人的錯(cuò)誤而對(duì)我進(jìn)行的指責(zé)。 (2)先行詞是形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞，或先行詞前有形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。 The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 他們?cè)诠鹆謪⒂^的第一個(gè)地方是象鼻山。 (3)先行詞被the only，the very，the last，the same，any，every，each，few，little，no，some等修飾時(shí)。 The only part of the meal that I really liked was the dessert.這頓飯只有甜點(diǎn)是我愛(ài)吃的。 (4)先行詞既有表示人又有表示物的名詞時(shí)。 They will never forget the things and persons that they’ve seen or heard of during their long journey. 他們將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記在他們的長(zhǎng)途旅行中見(jiàn)到或聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)的人 和事。 4．關(guān)系詞只用which而不用that的情況：(一句話口訣：介詞后、逗號(hào)后不可用that) (1)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)。 Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T－shirt，which is a stupid thing to do in such weather. 特德周末來(lái)時(shí)只穿著短褲和一件T恤，這種天氣穿這樣的衣服有點(diǎn)傻。 (2)當(dāng)從句中的介詞提前，構(gòu)成“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)。 We live in an age in which more information is available with greater ease than ever before. 我們生活在一個(gè)信息比以前更容易獲得的時(shí)代。 5．who，whom的用法 who或whom均可指代人，但who在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，whom在從句中作賓語(yǔ)；兩者在引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)常可用that替換。作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，who/that不可省略；作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，whom/who/that可以省略。 I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school who/whom/that I met in the English speech contest last year.我與好幾位去年在英語(yǔ)演講比賽中結(jié)識(shí)的同校同學(xué)成了好朋友。 6．whose的用法 whose表所屬關(guān)系，既可指人也可指物，在從句中作定語(yǔ)。指物時(shí)相當(dāng)于of which；指人時(shí)相當(dāng)于of whom。 The school shop, whose customers are mainly students，is closed for the holidays.　 這家校內(nèi)商店的主要顧客是學(xué)生，放假時(shí)商店關(guān)門。 7．a(chǎn)s也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，定語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明整個(gè)句子，可放在主句之前。常用的這種類似插入語(yǔ)的句式有as is said above，as is already mentioned above，as often happens，as is often the case，as is reported in the newspaper，such...as...，the same...as...等。 Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China.像在我們車間使用的機(jī)器是中國(guó)制造的。 “You can’t judge a book by its cover，”as the old saying goes.正如老話所說(shuō)的那樣：“人不可貌相。” 單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．(2024·河北邢臺(tái)高三摸底考試)Officer：I’m afraid I

　　can’t do that，Madam.In school zones，I’m required to

　　give tickets to all drivers____________break the rules.It’s the law in this county.

　　2．(2024·煙臺(tái)模擬)Those____________want to go to the

　　museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. who/that who 3.I’m glad to introduce Mr.Smith to you，without_______ consideration our project would have ended in failure.

　　4．____________is often the case with children，Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived. whose As 1．(2024·滕州5月模擬)She dreamed of the day__________ the manager of the supermarket would say to her with a

　　smile，“Madam，this is your lucky day.Everything in your

　　basket is free.”

　　2．Mr.Brown was tired of living in the big city___________ he worked.He wanted to move to the country and live in a

　　house from which he could get to his office in the city early

　　every day. 考點(diǎn)二　關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 when where 3．(2024·江西鷹潭二模)The police must give the reasons ____________they are arresting him and tell him his rights

　　under the law. 4．(2024·高考陜西卷，語(yǔ)法和詞匯知識(shí)，改編)As the

　　smallest child of his family，Alex is always longing for the

　　time____________he should be able to be independent. why when 1．where表地點(diǎn)，在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于“介詞in/at/on...＋which”。 A bank is the place where they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. 銀行是在天晴之時(shí)借傘給你，到了下雨時(shí)就催你還回去的 地方。 2．當(dāng)先行詞為situation，case，stage，point，atmosphere等抽象名詞，且引導(dǎo)詞在定語(yǔ)從句中表示事情發(fā)生的情況、階段等時(shí)，常用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。 (2024·高考浙江卷，單項(xiàng)填空，改編)Creating an atmosphere where employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.創(chuàng)造出讓員工感覺(jué)到自己就是團(tuán)隊(duì)一員的一種氛圍是極大的挑戰(zhàn)。 3．why表原因，在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于“介詞for＋which”結(jié)構(gòu)。 Do you know the reason why/for which he didn’t attend the meeting? 你知道他沒(méi)參加會(huì)議的原因嗎？ 特別注意 在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，常用for which表原因而不用why。 I had told them the reason，for which I didn’t attend the meeting. 我把理由告訴了他們，為此我沒(méi)有去開(kāi)會(huì)。 4．when表時(shí)間，在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于“介詞in/at/on/during...＋which”結(jié)構(gòu)。 (2024·高考湖南卷，單項(xiàng)填空，改編)I am looking forward to the day when my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.我正期待著那一天的到來(lái)，那時(shí)我女兒可以讀這本書并且了解我對(duì)她的感情。 單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．(2024·高考北京卷，單項(xiàng)填空，改編)Opposite is St.Paul’s

　　Church，____________you can hear some lovely music.

　　2．(2024·湖南懷化一模)Almost every teenager will experience

　　a period in their life____________they aren’t content with their parents. 3．(2024·山師大附中模擬)It would have turned into another

　　one of those moments____________the thought of sending a

　　card crossed my mind but never actually happened. where when when 技法1　識(shí)別定語(yǔ)從句、并列句 在英語(yǔ)中，有許多從句，如主語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句以及強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與定語(yǔ)從句有許多相似之處。因此，命題人會(huì)利用這些相似性，設(shè)置一個(gè)特定語(yǔ)境，來(lái)考查考生對(duì)這些易混點(diǎn)的辨析能力。遇到這樣的問(wèn)題，我們的思路就是：抓住它們各自的特征，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境去判斷到底屬于何種句型或從句。

　　(2024·泰安檢測(cè))There were many people waiting at the bus stop，some of____________looked very anxious and disappointed，but none of____________jumped the queue. 【解析】　此題考查定語(yǔ)從句和并列句的區(qū)別。第一空為定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞people，第二空由but可知為并列句應(yīng)用them。句意：許多人都在公共汽車站等，一些人看起來(lái)很焦慮又很失望，但是沒(méi)有一個(gè)人插隊(duì)。 whom them 技法2　分析先行詞，確定引導(dǎo)詞 首先確定先行詞，然后分析引導(dǎo)詞在從句中充當(dāng)什么成分：作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)用關(guān)系代詞which/that/who/whom/as；作定語(yǔ)用whose；作狀語(yǔ)則用關(guān)系副詞when/where/why；作介詞賓語(yǔ)則用關(guān)系代詞which/whom。 另外，考生應(yīng)考慮特殊情況：只用that的情況、只用which的情況、as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句等。

　　(2024·高考福建卷，單項(xiàng)填空，改編)The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those_________ lives were affected. 【解析】　句意：這本書從經(jīng)歷過(guò)地震的人的角度來(lái)講述地震的故事。主句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，先行詞those，引導(dǎo)詞代替先行詞在從句中修飾名詞lives，作定語(yǔ)，因此用whose。

　　whose

　　(2024·高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ，語(yǔ)法填空，節(jié)選)I’d skipped

　　nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the

　　limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River ____________are pictured by artists in so many Chinese

　　paintings. 【解析】　句意：我曾與桂林擦身而過(guò)，那是游客盡覽石灰?guī)r群峰和漓江綠水的夢(mèng)幻之境，是被中國(guó)藝術(shù)家在很多繪畫作品中描繪的地方。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River，且引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故填關(guān)系代詞that或which。 that/which 欄目導(dǎo)引 專題強(qiáng) 化訓(xùn)練 專題5　定語(yǔ)從句