五年高考（2011-2024）英語試題分項精解：專題01 冠詞（解析版）

　　精品5年高考分類精編之冠詞

　　1．2024·四川卷]

　　Brian is gifted in writing music；he is very likely to be ________

　　Beethoven.

　　A．a

　　B．an

　　C．the

　　D．不填

　　2. 2024·陜西卷] ________more learned a man is，________more modest he usually becomes.

　　A. The; the

　　B. A; a

　　C. The; a

　　D. A; the

　　3．2024·浙江卷]

　　Jane's grandmother had wanted to write

　　________ children's book for many years, but one thing or another always got in ________

　　way.

　　A．a; /

　　B．the；the

　　C．/; the

　　D．a；the

　　【答案】D　

　　【解析】句意：簡的奶奶很多年來一直想寫一本(關于)孩子的書，但總是被這事或那事耽擱了。第一空a children's book中的a表示“一本”，所以用不定冠詞a；而第二空涉及的in the way是固定用法，表示“擋道， 4. 2024·重慶卷] I just heard________ bank where Dora works was robbed by________ gunman wearing a mask.

　　A. the; /　B. a; /　C. the; a　D. a; the

　　二、語法填空

　　1.2024·全國卷Ⅱ]

　　The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 61.________(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62.________

　　most modern of architects and engineers.

　　解析]

　　61. built 　build與前面的the adobe dwellings構成動賓關系，所以用過去分詞作后置定語。

　　62. the 　空格后面的most是形容詞最高級，故前面使用the。

　　2.2024·廣東卷]

　　Mr Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned __16__ farm, which looked almost abandoned

　　解析]

　　16. a　考查冠詞。名詞farm第一次出現，表示泛指，故填a。

　　三、短文改錯

　　1.【2024·陜西】At a party, my coach, with a biscuit in his mouth, asked surprisingly who made them and joked.

　　解析]a改為the這里是特指第一段提到的退休聚會。a改為the。

　　2. 【2024·浙江】I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning.

　　【解析】in hurry- in a hurry考查冠詞

　　in a hurry 意為“立刻”，也是一個固定搭配。

　　3.【2024·新課標全國II】A woman saw him drying and telling him to wait outside a shop.

　　【解析】a改為the

　　由上下文可知，此處shop是第二次出現，應該用定冠詞，故a改為the。

　　【2024·新課標全國I】Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside.

　　【解析】countryside前加the 句意：但是我想念農村的家鄉。這里countryside是特指，故用定冠詞the。

　　201年高考試題

　　’t tell you _______ way to the Wilsons’ because we don’t have _______ Wilson here in the village.

　　A. the; a

　　B. a; /

　　C. a; the

　　D. the; /

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】

　　試題分析：去威爾遜家的道路是特定的，故選擇定冠詞；本村沒有叫做威爾遜的人。叫威爾遜的人有很多，不具有唯一性，故選擇不定冠詞。A項正確。

　　【考點定位】考查冠詞的用法。

　　2.【2024·天津卷】8. Life is like ________ ocean; Only ________strong-willed can reach the other shore.

　　A. an; the

　　B. the; a

　　C. the ;/

　　D. / ; a

　　【答案Captain后跟了個介詞短語of the team作定語，表特指；后一空表類型（一個聰明的領導者），因此C選項正確。句意為“ 他們選了湯姆為這個隊的隊長，那是因為他們知道湯姆是個聰明的頭兒。”

　　【考點定位】考查冠詞用法

　　4.【2024·陜西卷】19. ________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.

　　A. The; a

　　B. A; the

　　C. The; the

　　D. A; a

　　【考點定位】考查冠詞。

　　2. The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days ______ week, often long into______night.

　　?? A. a; the??????????????? B. the;?不填????????? C. a; a???????????????? D.?不填；the

　　【答案】A

　　【試題分析】第一空a表示“每一”；into the night到深夜；句意：我的論文下個月就要交，我現在一周工作七天，還經常熬夜到深夜。故選A。

　　【考點定位】考查冠詞。

　　二、語法填空

　　1.2024·新課標全國卷Ⅰ]Now, years later, this river is one of __63__ most outstanding examples of environmental clean-up.

　　the　“one of＋可數名詞的復數”表示“……之一”；the most outstanding 是最高級，用來修飾examples；形容詞的最高級與定冠詞連用。

　　2.2024·廣東卷]She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on __23__ top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren't charged extra.

　　23. the　考查冠詞。特指“頂樓”用定冠詞the。

　　2024·新課標全國卷Ⅰ]As result, the plants are growing somewhere.

　　As a result意為：結果。是固定表達。

　　2.2024·陜西卷]insects or trees, but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!

　　【解析】a改成an

　　考查冠詞的用法。此處impressive以元音開頭，所以用an。

　　3.2024·浙江卷]The person who found a ticket smiled with pleasure at his success.2024·新課標全國卷Ⅱ]2024·四川卷]2024年高考試題

　　1．2024·福建卷] The “Chinese Dream” is ________ dream to improve people's well－being and ________ dream of harmony, peace and development.

　　A. the; a

　　B. a; a

　　C. a; the

　　D. the; the

　　【答案】B　

　　【解析】“a” 表示泛指或數量“一”， “the”則表特指， 意為“這個， 那個，這些，那些”。句意為： “中國夢”是一個要提高中國人民福利的夢， 一個和諧、和平和發展的夢。故兩個空格均應用“a”。

　　【考點定位】考查冠詞辨析和用法。

　　2．2024·江西卷] Animals are obviously ________ lower form of life than ________ man.

　　A. a ; /

　　B. the ; the

　　C. a ; the

　　D. / ; /

　　3．2024·山東卷] It was ________ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across ________ night sky.

　　A. 不填；a

　　B. a; the

　　C. the; a

　　D. the; 不填

　　4．2024·陜西卷] Marco Polo is said to have sailed on ________Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in ________

　　thirteenth century.

　　A．the; a

　　B．a; 不填

　　C．不填； the

　　D．the; the

　　5．2024·新課標全國卷Ⅱ] Four and ________ half hours of discussion took us up to midnight，and ________

　　break for cheese，chocolate and tea with sugar.

　　A．a; a

　　B. the;

　　the

　　C．/; the

　　D．a; /

　　6．2024·新課標全國卷Ⅰ] India attained ________ independence in 1947, after ________ long struggle.

　　A./; a

　　B. the;

　　a

　　C. an; /

　　D. an;

　　the

　　【考點定位】本題考查冠詞的用法。

　　7．2024·浙江卷] People develop ________ preference for a particular style of learning at ________ early age and these preferences affect learning.

　　A. a; an

　　B. a; /

　　C. /; the

　　D. the; an

　　【考點定位】考查冠詞。

　　8．2024·重慶卷] The parents were shocked by ________ news that their son needed ________ operation on his knee.

　　A．a; /

　　B．the; /

　　C．the; an

　　D．a; an

　　【答案】C　

　　【解析】第一空由于有后續同位語從句的特指說明，因此用定冠詞；第二空需要的手術是首次提及，用不定冠詞。

　　【考點定位】考查冠詞用法。答案 【解析’t usually stay at

　　hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by ________ sea.

　　A．/; a B．the; the C．/; the D．the; a

　　【答案C解析hotel為復數，前不會用定冠詞the來修飾；江，河，湖，海前要加定冠詞

　　【考點冠詞

　　2. The development of industry has been_______ gradual process throughout _______ human existence, from stone tools to modern technology.

　　A. 不填, the B. the; a C. a; 不填 D. a; a

　　【2024安徽卷】21. Carl is studying

　　food science at college and hopes to open up

　　meat

　　processing factory of his own one day.

　　A.

　　/ ； a

　　B. / ；the

　　C. the ; a

　　D. the ; the

　　science是不可數名詞，用the表示特指是不可能的，后面的factory是一個可數名詞，用a 表示泛指。

　　本題考查冠詞

　　【2024遼寧卷】21.

　　I woke up with

　　bad headache, yet by

　　evening the pain had gone.

　　A.

　　the; the

　　B.

　　the; an

　　C.

　　a; the

　　D.

　　a; an

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】句意：我醒來的時候頭疼的厲害，可是到了晚上頭疼消失了。第一空表示泛指第二空為，用定冠詞the

　　【2024全國新課程】22. Sarah looked at

　　finished painting with

　　satisfaction.

　　A.不填；a

　　B. a; the

　　C. the; 不填

　　D. the; a

　　【2024山東卷】29. Being able to afford _______ drink would be ______ comfort in those tough times.

　　A. the; the

　　B. a; a

　　C. a; 不填

　　D. 不填；a

　　【答案解析a drink意為：一杯飲料；第二空中的a comfort意為：一件令人安慰的事。句意：在那些艱難的歲月里，能買得起一杯飲料是一種莫大的安慰。

　　【考點定位】考查冠詞的用法。

　　【2011全國卷,33】It is generally accepted that________ boy must learn to stand up and fight like ______ man.

　　A.a; a

　　B.a; the

　　C.the; the

　　D.a; 不填A

　　【解析】句意為“人們普遍認為,男孩子必須學會做一個男子漢，能挺身而出，勇于戰斗。”a boy和 a man都是泛指，表示一類人。單數可數名詞泛指應在名詞前加不定冠詞a。考查冠詞的用法。

　　【2011全國卷II,16】As he reached __________ front door, Jack saw ________ strange sight.

　　A. the;不填

　　B. a; the

　　C.不填a

　　D. the; a2011山東卷21】Take your time—it’s just_____short distance from here to_____restaurant.

　　A.不填；the

　　B. a; the

　　C. the; a

　　D.不填；aB

　　【解析】句意為“別急—從這兒到餐館只不過短短的距離而已。”a short distance短距離，是固定搭配的短語；the restaurant指雙方都知道的餐館，故用the特指。選B。

　　【考點定位】考查冠詞在具體語境中的用法。

　　【2011浙江卷,2】Experts think that

　　__________recently discovered painting may be ________

　　Picsso.

　　A.the ;不填 B. a ;the

　　C. a ; 不填 D. the; a

　　【2011四川卷18】Dr.Peter Spence, _________ headmaster of the school, told us, “ ________ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”

　　A. 不填；A

　　B.不填；The

　　C.the; The

　　D.a; AA

　　【解析】句意為“校長Peter Spence告訴我們說，我校的五分之一學生將到牛津大學和劍橋大學去學習。”headmaster校長，職務前面不加冠詞；a fifth表示五分之一。因此選A。

　　【考點定位】考查冠詞的用法。

　　【2011重慶卷26】In communication, a smile is usually __________ strong sign of a friendly and _______ open attitude.

　　A. the, /

　　B. a, an

　　C. a, /

　　D. the, an

　　【2011陜西卷13】As is known to all, _________People’s Republic of China is ________ biggest developing country in the world.

　　A.the ;不填

　　B. 不填 ；the

　　C. the ；the

　　D. 不填；不填2011江西卷22】——It’s said John will be in a job paying over ＄60,000 _____ year.

　　—— Right, he will also get paid by

　　_____ week.

　　A. the; the

　　B. a; the

　　C. the; a

　　D.a; a

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】前一句句意為：據說John將會有一份年工資超過60000美金的工作，表時間單位每年，冠詞用a，后一句說沒錯，他也將會以每周的方式得到薪水。by后面接具體的計量方式用定冠詞the。因此選B。

　　【考點定位】考查冠詞在具體語境中的用法。

　　精品5年高考分類精編之冠詞

　　1．2024·四川卷]

　　Brian is gifted in writing music；he is very likely to be ________

　　Beethoven.

　　A．a

　　B．an

　　C．the

　　D．不填

　　2. 2024·陜西卷] ________more learned a man is，________more modest he usually becomes.

　　A. The; the

　　B. A; a

　　C. The; a

　　D. A; the

　　3．2024·浙江卷]

　　Jane's grandmother had wanted to write

　　________ children's book for many years, but one thing or another always got in ________

　　way.

　　A．a; /

　　B．the；the

　　C．/; the

　　D．a；the

　　【答案】D　

　　【解析】句意：簡的奶奶很多年來一直想寫一本(關于)孩子的書，但總是被這事或那事耽擱了。第一空a children's book中的a表示“一本”，所以用不定冠詞a；而第二空涉及的in the way是固定用法，表示“擋道， 4. 2024·重慶卷] I just heard________ bank where Dora works was robbed by________ gunman wearing a mask.

　　A. the; /　B. a; /　C. the; a　D. a; the

　　二、語法填空

　　1.2024·全國卷Ⅱ]

　　The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 61.________(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62.________

　　most modern of architects and engineers.

　　解析]

　　61. built 　build與前面的the adobe dwellings構成動賓關系，所以用過去分詞作后置定語。

　　62. the 　空格后面的most是形容詞最高級，故前面使用the。

　　2.2024·廣東卷]

　　Mr Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned __16__ farm, which looked almost abandoned

　　解析]

　　16. a　考查冠詞。名詞farm第一次出現，表示泛指，故填a。

　　三、短文改錯

　　1.【2024·陜西】At a party, my coach, with a biscuit in his mouth, asked surprisingly who made them and joked.

　　解析]a改為the這里是特指第一段提到的退休聚會。a改為the。

　　2. 【2024·浙江】I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning.

　　【解析】in hurry- in a hurry考查冠詞

　　in a hurry 意為“立刻”，也是一個固定搭配。

　　3.【2024·新課標全國II】A woman saw him drying and telling him to wait outside a shop.

　　【解析】a改為the

　　由上下文可知，此處shop是第二次出現，應該用定冠詞，故a改為the。

　　【2024·新課標全國I】Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside.

　　【解析】countryside前加the 句意：但是我想念農村的家鄉。這里countryside是特指，故用定冠詞the。

　　201年高考試題

　　’t tell you _______ way to the Wilsons’ because we don’t have _______ Wilson here in the village.

　　A. the; a

　　B. a; /

　　C. a; the

　　D. the; /

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】

　　試題分析：去威爾遜家的道路是特定的，故選擇定冠詞；本村沒有叫做威爾遜的人。叫威爾遜的人有很多，不具有唯一性，故選擇不定冠詞。A項正確。

　　【考點定位】考查冠詞的用法。

　　2.【2024·天津卷】8. Life is like ________ ocean; Only ________strong-willed can reach the other shore.

　　A. an; the

　　B. the; a

　　C. the ;/

　　D. / ; a

　　【答案Captain后跟了個介詞短語of the team作定語，表特指；后一空表類型（一個聰明的領導者），因此C選項正確。句意為“ 他們選了湯姆為這個隊的隊長，那是因為他們知道湯姆是個聰明的頭兒。”

　　【考點定位】考查冠詞用法

　　4.【2024·陜西卷】19. ________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.

　　A. The; a

　　B. A; the

　　C. The; the

　　D. A; a

　　【考點定位】考查冠詞。

　　2. The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days ______ week, often long into______night.

　　?? A. a; the??????????????? B. the;?不填????????? C. a; a???????????????? D.?不填；the

　　【答案】A

　　【試題分析】第一空a表示“每一”；into the night到深夜；句意：我的論文下個月就要交，我現在一周工作七天，還經常熬夜到深夜。故選A。

　　【考點定位】考查冠詞。

　　二、語法填空

　　1.2024·新課標全國卷Ⅰ]Now, years later, this river is one of __63__ most outstanding examples of environmental clean-up.

　　the　“one of＋可數名詞的復數”表示“……之一”；the most outstanding 是最高級，用來修飾examples；形容詞的最高級與定冠詞連用。

　　2.2024·廣東卷]She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on __23__ top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren't charged extra.

　　23. the　考查冠詞。特指“頂樓”用定冠詞the。

　　2024·新課標全國卷Ⅰ]As result, the plants are growing somewhere.

　　As a result意為：結果。是固定表達。

　　2.2024·陜西卷]insects or trees, but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!

　　【解析】a改成an

　　考查冠詞的用法。此處impressive以元音開頭，所以用an。

　　3.2024·浙江卷]The person who found a ticket smiled with pleasure at his success.2024·新課標全國卷Ⅱ]2024·四川卷]2024年高考試題

　　1．2024·福建卷] The “Chinese Dream” is ________ dream to improve people's well－being and ________ dream of harmony, peace and development.

　　A. the; a

　　B. a; a

　　C. a; the

　　D. the; the

　　【答案】B　

　　【解析】“a” 表示泛指或數量“一”， “the”則表特指， 意為“這個， 那個，這些，那些”。句意為： “中國夢”是一個要提高中國人民福利的夢， 一個和諧、和平和發展的夢。故兩個空格均應用“a”。

　　【考點定位】考查冠詞辨析和用法。

　　2．2024·江西卷] Animals are obviously ________ lower form of life than ________ man.

　　A. a ; /

　　B. the ; the

　　C. a ; the

　　D. / ; /

　　3．2024·山東卷] It was ________ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across ________ night sky.

　　A. 不填；a

　　B. a; the

　　C. the; a

　　D. the; 不填

　　4．2024·陜西卷] Marco Polo is said to have sailed on ________Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in ________

　　thirteenth century.

　　A．the; a

　　B．a; 不填

　　C．不填； the

　　D．the; the

　　5．2024·新課標全國卷Ⅱ] Four and ________ half hours of discussion took us up to midnight，and ________

　　break for cheese，chocolate and tea with sugar.

　　A．a; a

　　B. the;

　　the

　　C．/; the

　　D．a; /

　　6．2024·新課標全國卷Ⅰ] India attained ________ independence in 1947, after ________ long struggle.

　　A./; a

　　B. the;

　　a

　　C. an; /

　　D. an;

　　the

　　【考點定位】本題考查冠詞的用法。

　　7．2024·浙江卷] People develop ________ preference for a particular style of learning at ________ early age and these preferences affect learning.

　　A. a; an

　　B. a; /

　　C. /; the

　　D. the; an

　　【考點定位】考查冠詞。

　　8．2024·重慶卷] The parents were shocked by ________ news that their son needed ________ operation on his knee.

　　A．a; /

　　B．the; /

　　C．the; an

　　D．a; an

　　【答案】C　

　　【解析】第一空由于有后續同位語從句的特指說明，因此用定冠詞；第二空需要的手術是首次提及，用不定冠詞。

　　【考點定位】考查冠詞用法。答案 【解析’t usually stay at

　　hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by ________ sea.

　　A．/; a B．the; the C．/; the D．the; a

　　【答案C解析hotel為復數，前不會用定冠詞the來修飾；江，河，湖，海前要加定冠詞

　　【考點冠詞

　　2. The development of industry has been_______ gradual process throughout _______ human existence, from stone tools to modern technology.

　　A. 不填, the B. the; a C. a; 不填 D. a; a

　　【2024安徽卷】21. Carl is studying

　　food science at college and hopes to open up

　　meat

　　processing factory of his own one day.

　　A.

　　/ ； a

　　B. / ；the

　　C. the ; a

　　D. the ; the

　　science是不可數名詞，用the表示特指是不可能的，后面的factory是一個可數名詞，用a 表示泛指。

　　本題考查冠詞

　　【2024遼寧卷】21.

　　I woke up with

　　bad headache, yet by

　　evening the pain had gone.

　　A.

　　the; the

　　B.

　　the; an

　　C.

　　a; the

　　D.

　　a; an

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】句意：我醒來的時候頭疼的厲害，可是到了晚上頭疼消失了。第一空表示泛指第二空為，用定冠詞the

　　【2024全國新課程】22. Sarah looked at

　　finished painting with

　　satisfaction.

　　A.不填；a

　　B. a; the

　　C. the; 不填

　　D. the; a

　　【2024山東卷】29. Being able to afford _______ drink would be ______ comfort in those tough times.

　　A. the; the

　　B. a; a

　　C. a; 不填

　　D. 不填；a

　　【答案解析a drink意為：一杯飲料；第二空中的a comfort意為：一件令人安慰的事。句意：在那些艱難的歲月里，能買得起一杯飲料是一種莫大的安慰。

　　【考點定位】考查冠詞的用法。

　　【2011全國卷,33】It is generally accepted that________ boy must learn to stand up and fight like ______ man.

　　A.a; a

　　B.a; the

　　C.the; the

　　D.a; 不填A

　　【解析】句意為“人們普遍認為,男孩子必須學會做一個男子漢，能挺身而出，勇于戰斗。”a boy和 a man都是泛指，表示一類人。單數可數名詞泛指應在名詞前加不定冠詞a。考查冠詞的用法。

　　【2011全國卷II,16】As he reached __________ front door, Jack saw ________ strange sight.

　　A. the;不填

　　B. a; the

　　C.不填a

　　D. the; a2011山東卷21】Take your time—it’s just_____short distance from here to_____restaurant.

　　A.不填；the

　　B. a; the

　　C. the; a

　　D.不填；aB

　　【解析】句意為“別急—從這兒到餐館只不過短短的距離而已。”a short distance短距離，是固定搭配的短語；the restaurant指雙方都知道的餐館，故用the特指。選B。

　　【考點定位】考查冠詞在具體語境中的用法。

　　【2011浙江卷,2】Experts think that

　　__________recently discovered painting may be ________

　　Picsso.

　　A.the ;不填 B. a ;the

　　C. a ; 不填 D. the; a

　　【2011四川卷18】Dr.Peter Spence, _________ headmaster of the school, told us, “ ________ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”

　　A. 不填；A

　　B.不填；The

　　C.the; The

　　D.a; AA

　　【解析】句意為“校長Peter Spence告訴我們說，我校的五分之一學生將到牛津大學和劍橋大學去學習。”headmaster校長，職務前面不加冠詞；a fifth表示五分之一。因此選A。

　　【考點定位】考查冠詞的用法。

　　【2011重慶卷26】In communication, a smile is usually __________ strong sign of a friendly and _______ open attitude.

　　A. the, /

　　B. a, an

　　C. a, /

　　D. the, an

　　【2011陜西卷13】As is known to all, _________People’s Republic of China is ________ biggest developing country in the world.

　　A.the ;不填

　　B. 不填 ；the

　　C. the ；the

　　D. 不填；不填2011江西卷22】——It’s said John will be in a job paying over ＄60,000 _____ year.

　　—— Right, he will also get paid by

　　_____ week.

　　A. the; the

　　B. a; the

　　C. the; a

　　D.a; a

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】前一句句意為：據說John將會有一份年工資超過60000美金的工作，表時間單位每年，冠詞用a，后一句說沒錯，他也將會以每周的方式得到薪水。by后面接具體的計量方式用定冠詞the。因此選B。

　　【考點定位】考查冠詞在具體語境中的用法。