2024屆高考英語一輪復習學通語法課件：第3講 介詞與介詞短語（新人教版）
[典題精選] [我來改正] [常設誤點] [典題精選] [我來改正] [常設誤點] [典題精選] [我來改正] [常設誤點] [典題精選] [我來改正] [常設誤點] [典題精選] [我來改正] [常設誤點] [典題精選] [我來改正] [常設誤點] 第三講
介詞與介詞短語 突破常考點 演練大沖關
把脈易錯點 介詞 用法 示例 at 一般指在較小的地方 I met him at the shop. in 一般指在較大的地方，或在某一范圍內 They arrived in Beijing yesterday. Shandong Province lies in the east of China. 介詞 用法 示例 on 一般指在物體的表面，或相鄰并接壤的兩個地域 The picture is hanging on the wall. Vietnam is on the south of China. to 表示某范圍外不接壤的兩位置 Jiangsu Province is to the southeast of Hebei Province.
beside/by “在……的旁邊” She was standing beside her mother. There is a small house by the river. near “接近；靠近” There is a supermarket near my home. 介詞 用法 示例 between 在兩者或每兩者之間 I sat down between Sue and Jane. among 在三者或三者以上之間 The teacher was standing among the students. 介詞 用法 示例 across 從……的表面穿過 He walked across the square to meet us. through 從……的內部穿過 The guide led us through the forest. over 從……的上面跨過 The thief jumped over the fence and fled away. past 從……的旁邊經過 She walked past the shop. 介詞 用法 示例 at 表示在某個時間點、時刻或重大節日 at 9：00; at noon; at daybreak; at Christmas in 表示在某個較長的時間內，如世紀、朝代或年月；泛指的上午、下午、傍晚 in the 21st century; in September; in the morning on 表示在具體某一天或具體某一天的上午、下午、晚上 on 2nd, September; on the morning of 1st, May 介詞 用法 示例 for “for＋時間段”意為“多長時間”，表示動作持續的時間長短，一般作完成時、過去時或將來時的時間狀語 He has lived in the small village for five years. I studied in Peking University for 4 years. since “since＋時間點”意為“自從(過去某時)以來”，作完成時的時間狀語 He has worked in this company since graduation. Tom has been doing his homework since 7 o’clock. 介詞 用法 示例 by “by＋名詞”表示交通方式時，名詞前不加冠詞 My brother usually goes to school by bike. in/on in/on后的名詞必須有冠詞或代詞等修飾 My father often goes to work in his car/on his bicycle. 介詞 用法 示例 by 指“靠……手段，用……方法，憑借……”，后可接名詞、代詞或動名詞 He made a living by selling newspapers when he was young. in 多用于表示語言、材料的名詞前 All the applicants are required to fill in the form in ink. with 多用于表示有形的工具或身體器官的名詞前 They are busy digging with spades. 介詞 用法 示例 except 表示“除……之外(其他的都)”，其后的賓語是被排除在外的，側重同類事物的排除 All my friends took part in the party except John. except for 其后被排除的內容與主語往往不是同一類的 His composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes. besides 表示“除……之外(其他的也)”，其后的賓語是被包括在內的 He has learned German, French besides English. 含義 示例 (表示態度)反對 An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are against it. (表示對比)以……為背景 The skier’s red clothes stood out clearly against the snow. (表示方位)倚靠著…… The girl was leaning against the wall with her arms folded. 含義 示例 (表示位置)在……另一邊，在……更遠處 The small village is 20 miles beyond the town. (表示時間)晚于…… He delayed the matter beyond the fixed time. (表示程度)超出，非……所能及 To be acknowledged as the first to receive this honor is beyond expression in words for me. 含義 示例 (表示方位)越過 The airplane flew over the mountains and disappeared in the distance. (表示等級或數目)高于，在……之上，超過 He has got the job because he has the advantage over others of knowing many languages. (表示時間或過程)在……期間 I’m sorry I didn’t phone you, but I’ve been very busy over the past couple of weeks. 含義 示例 (表示方向、距離)到，向，去 It was on the way to the railway station. (表示時間)直到……為止，到 He wakes at a quarter to six every morning. (表示比較、比例、參照)與……相比，相對于……而言 I prefer oranges to apples. (表示對象關系)屬于，對，給 The hospital is attached to the university. 達到(某一點或某個限度) Temperatures dropped to 25 degrees below zero. 含義 示例 在……下面，在……之下 She placed the ladder under the window. 在……過程中 The possibility of employing more staff is still under discussion. (數字、數量、年齡或價格)低于，少于，在……以下 These toys are not suitable for children under five. 受……影響 She’s been under a lot of pressure at work. 含義 示例 和……一起，和，同，跟 Would you like to go shopping with me？ (表示同時或同一方向)隨著 With time going by, the little tree has grown up. 具有，帶有 The dictionary is what I want, but I don’t have enough money with me. 由于，因為 He trembled with fear. (表示方式)用 He cut it with a knife.
