十件你不知道的感恩節(jié)的事（上）
1.感恩節(jié)和冰凍簡(jiǎn)餐
關(guān)鍵詞：TV dinner (冰凍簡(jiǎn)餐)
In 1953, someone at Swanson severely overestimate the amount of turkey Americans would consume that Thanksgiving. With 260 tons of frozen birds to get rid of, a company salesman named Gerry Thomas ordered 5,000 aluminum trays, recruited an assembly line of women armed with spatulas and ice-cream scoops and began creating mini-feasts of turkey, corn-bread dressing, peas and sweet potatoes — creating the first-ever TV dinner.Thomas later said he got the idea from neatly packaged airplane food.
1953年，在美國(guó)斯萬(wàn)森的某公司嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤地估計(jì)了美國(guó)人民在感恩節(jié)消耗火雞的數(shù)量。面對(duì)賣(mài)不掉的260噸冰凍火雞，該公司的銷(xiāo)售員蓋瑞湯瑪斯定來(lái)5000個(gè)鋁質(zhì)餐盒和一個(gè)生產(chǎn)線(xiàn)的婦女，幫忙把火雞肉切碎、分裝，再配上甜玉米、青豆和土豆——
2.感恩節(jié)和橄欖球賽
關(guān)鍵詞：Football 橄欖球賽
Thanksgiving is ruled by two very powerful f-words: "food" and "football." Nearly as old as the sport itself, the tradition of watching football on Thanksgiving began in 1876, when the newly formed American Intercollegiate Football Association held its first championship game. Less than a decade later, more than 5,000 club, college and high school football teams held games on Thanksgiving, with match-ups between Princeton and Yale drawing more than 40,000 fans out from their dining rooms. 1934 marked the first NFL game held on Thanksgiving when the Detroit Lions took on the Chicago Bears. The Lions have played on Thanksgiving ever since — except, of course, when the team was called away to serve during World War II。
感恩節(jié)是由兩個(gè)F開(kāi)頭的字組成的：食物food和橄欖球football。從1876年、美國(guó)橄欖球聯(lián)盟開(kāi)始舉辦首屆聯(lián)賽開(kāi)始，在感恩節(jié)就有看橄欖球賽的傳統(tǒng)——幾乎和這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)本身的歷史一樣長(zhǎng)。其后不到十年的時(shí)間內(nèi)，更有超過(guò)5000所俱樂(lè)部、大學(xué)和高中的橄欖球隊(duì)在這一天舉行比賽。其中普林斯頓和耶魯?shù)谋荣惛俏顺^(guò)4萬(wàn)名球迷到場(chǎng)觀看。1934年，超級(jí)碗首次在伽嫩屆當(dāng)天舉行比賽，那天是由底特律雄獅對(duì)陣芝加哥熊。雄獅隊(duì)自此每遇感恩節(jié)都有比賽——除了二戰(zhàn)期間隊(duì)員們服役才中斷過(guò)。
3.感恩節(jié)和羅斯福總統(tǒng)
關(guān)鍵詞：Franklin D. Roosevelt 福蘭克林·D·羅斯福
FDR learned the hard way not to mess with some traditions. In 1939, the President declared that Americans should celebrate the annual feast one week early, hoping the decision would spur retail sales during the Great Depression. But Americans did not react kindly to the New Deal meal. Some took to the streets while others took to name-calling; the mayor of Atlantic City solved the controversy by declaring his residents would simply enjoy two meals — Thanksgiving and "Franksgiving." After two years of squabbling (or gobbling, as it were)， Congress adopted a resolution in 1941 setting the fourth Thursday of November as the legal holiday。
福蘭克林·羅斯福總統(tǒng)可是吃了點(diǎn)兒虧才學(xué)會(huì)有些傳統(tǒng)改不得。1939年，這位總統(tǒng)閣下宣布美國(guó)應(yīng)該提前一周過(guò)感恩節(jié)，希望此舉能夠刺激大蕭條中的美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)。哪知美國(guó)人民不買(mǎi)他的賬：有的上街游行抗議、有的玩起了文字游戲。大西洋城的市長(zhǎng)就宣稱(chēng)，他家會(huì)過(guò)兩個(gè)節(jié)：“感恩節(jié)”和“福蘭克恩節(jié)”。在經(jīng)過(guò)整整兩年的爭(zhēng)論(或者根本就是斗嘴)之后，國(guó)會(huì)終于妥協(xié)，在1941年將感恩節(jié)法定假日定在了11月的第四個(gè)星期四。
4.感恩節(jié)和著名女詩(shī)人
關(guān)鍵詞："Mary Had a Little Lamb" 瑪麗有只小羊羔
The woman who wrote the classic nursery rhyme "Mary Had a Little Lamb" also played an integral role in making Thanksgiving a national holiday. After a 17-year letter-writing campaign, magazine editor Sarah Josepha Hale finally convinced President Abraham Lincoln to issue an 1863 decree recognizing the historic tradition.Sarah Josepha Hale.
這位寫(xiě)下傳世詩(shī)句《瑪麗有只小羊羔》的女性在為感恩節(jié)爭(zhēng)取法定中也扮演了重要一角兒。1863年，當(dāng)時(shí)作為雜志編輯的她在經(jīng)過(guò)了長(zhǎng)達(dá)17年的寫(xiě)信呼吁之后，總統(tǒng)林肯終于頒發(fā)文件承認(rèn)了感恩節(jié)這一傳統(tǒng)假日。
5.感恩節(jié)和倫敦西敏寺
關(guān)鍵詞：Westminster Abbey 西敏寺
In 1942, London's Westminster Abbey held Thanksgiving services for U.S. troops stationed in England. More than 3,500 soldiers filled the church's pews to sing America, the Beautiful and The Star-Spangled Banner — the first time in the church's 900-year history that a foreign army was invited to take over the grounds. It was an ironic gesture given the holiday's origins as a festival for pilgrims fleeing religious tyranny in Britain.
1942年，為表彰美國(guó)軍隊(duì)保護(hù)英國(guó)，倫敦西敏寺為美國(guó)軍人舉行了感恩節(jié)宴會(huì)。當(dāng)時(shí)有超過(guò)3500人到場(chǎng)，齊唱“美麗的美國(guó)和星條旗”——這是這座教堂900年來(lái)第一次邀請(qǐng)外國(guó)軍隊(duì)駐足。諷刺的是，這個(gè)節(jié)日的緣由正是因?yàn)楫?dāng)年遷徙到美國(guó)的清教徒們?cè)谟?guó)受到宗教迫害。就此創(chuàng)造了全世界第一盒冰凍簡(jiǎn)餐。湯瑪斯說(shuō)他的靈感來(lái)源于飛機(jī)餐。
1.感恩節(jié)和冰凍簡(jiǎn)餐
關(guān)鍵詞：TV dinner (冰凍簡(jiǎn)餐)
In 1953, someone at Swanson severely overestimate the amount of turkey Americans would consume that Thanksgiving. With 260 tons of frozen birds to get rid of, a company salesman named Gerry Thomas ordered 5,000 aluminum trays, recruited an assembly line of women armed with spatulas and ice-cream scoops and began creating mini-feasts of turkey, corn-bread dressing, peas and sweet potatoes — creating the first-ever TV dinner.Thomas later said he got the idea from neatly packaged airplane food.
1953年，在美國(guó)斯萬(wàn)森的某公司嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤地估計(jì)了美國(guó)人民在感恩節(jié)消耗火雞的數(shù)量。面對(duì)賣(mài)不掉的260噸冰凍火雞，該公司的銷(xiāo)售員蓋瑞湯瑪斯定來(lái)5000個(gè)鋁質(zhì)餐盒和一個(gè)生產(chǎn)線(xiàn)的婦女，幫忙把火雞肉切碎、分裝，再配上甜玉米、青豆和土豆——
2.感恩節(jié)和橄欖球賽
關(guān)鍵詞：Football 橄欖球賽
Thanksgiving is ruled by two very powerful f-words: "food" and "football." Nearly as old as the sport itself, the tradition of watching football on Thanksgiving began in 1876, when the newly formed American Intercollegiate Football Association held its first championship game. Less than a decade later, more than 5,000 club, college and high school football teams held games on Thanksgiving, with match-ups between Princeton and Yale drawing more than 40,000 fans out from their dining rooms. 1934 marked the first NFL game held on Thanksgiving when the Detroit Lions took on the Chicago Bears. The Lions have played on Thanksgiving ever since — except, of course, when the team was called away to serve during World War II。
感恩節(jié)是由兩個(gè)F開(kāi)頭的字組成的：食物food和橄欖球football。從1876年、美國(guó)橄欖球聯(lián)盟開(kāi)始舉辦首屆聯(lián)賽開(kāi)始，在感恩節(jié)就有看橄欖球賽的傳統(tǒng)——幾乎和這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)本身的歷史一樣長(zhǎng)。其后不到十年的時(shí)間內(nèi)，更有超過(guò)5000所俱樂(lè)部、大學(xué)和高中的橄欖球隊(duì)在這一天舉行比賽。其中普林斯頓和耶魯?shù)谋荣惛俏顺^(guò)4萬(wàn)名球迷到場(chǎng)觀看。1934年，超級(jí)碗首次在伽嫩屆當(dāng)天舉行比賽，那天是由底特律雄獅對(duì)陣芝加哥熊。雄獅隊(duì)自此每遇感恩節(jié)都有比賽——除了二戰(zhàn)期間隊(duì)員們服役才中斷過(guò)。
3.感恩節(jié)和羅斯福總統(tǒng)
關(guān)鍵詞：Franklin D. Roosevelt 福蘭克林·D·羅斯福
FDR learned the hard way not to mess with some traditions. In 1939, the President declared that Americans should celebrate the annual feast one week early, hoping the decision would spur retail sales during the Great Depression. But Americans did not react kindly to the New Deal meal. Some took to the streets while others took to name-calling; the mayor of Atlantic City solved the controversy by declaring his residents would simply enjoy two meals — Thanksgiving and "Franksgiving." After two years of squabbling (or gobbling, as it were)， Congress adopted a resolution in 1941 setting the fourth Thursday of November as the legal holiday。
福蘭克林·羅斯福總統(tǒng)可是吃了點(diǎn)兒虧才學(xué)會(huì)有些傳統(tǒng)改不得。1939年，這位總統(tǒng)閣下宣布美國(guó)應(yīng)該提前一周過(guò)感恩節(jié)，希望此舉能夠刺激大蕭條中的美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)。哪知美國(guó)人民不買(mǎi)他的賬：有的上街游行抗議、有的玩起了文字游戲。大西洋城的市長(zhǎng)就宣稱(chēng)，他家會(huì)過(guò)兩個(gè)節(jié)：“感恩節(jié)”和“福蘭克恩節(jié)”。在經(jīng)過(guò)整整兩年的爭(zhēng)論(或者根本就是斗嘴)之后，國(guó)會(huì)終于妥協(xié)，在1941年將感恩節(jié)法定假日定在了11月的第四個(gè)星期四。
4.感恩節(jié)和著名女詩(shī)人
關(guān)鍵詞："Mary Had a Little Lamb" 瑪麗有只小羊羔
The woman who wrote the classic nursery rhyme "Mary Had a Little Lamb" also played an integral role in making Thanksgiving a national holiday. After a 17-year letter-writing campaign, magazine editor Sarah Josepha Hale finally convinced President Abraham Lincoln to issue an 1863 decree recognizing the historic tradition.Sarah Josepha Hale.
這位寫(xiě)下傳世詩(shī)句《瑪麗有只小羊羔》的女性在為感恩節(jié)爭(zhēng)取法定中也扮演了重要一角兒。1863年，當(dāng)時(shí)作為雜志編輯的她在經(jīng)過(guò)了長(zhǎng)達(dá)17年的寫(xiě)信呼吁之后，總統(tǒng)林肯終于頒發(fā)文件承認(rèn)了感恩節(jié)這一傳統(tǒng)假日。
5.感恩節(jié)和倫敦西敏寺
關(guān)鍵詞：Westminster Abbey 西敏寺
In 1942, London's Westminster Abbey held Thanksgiving services for U.S. troops stationed in England. More than 3,500 soldiers filled the church's pews to sing America, the Beautiful and The Star-Spangled Banner — the first time in the church's 900-year history that a foreign army was invited to take over the grounds. It was an ironic gesture given the holiday's origins as a festival for pilgrims fleeing religious tyranny in Britain.
1942年，為表彰美國(guó)軍隊(duì)保護(hù)英國(guó)，倫敦西敏寺為美國(guó)軍人舉行了感恩節(jié)宴會(huì)。當(dāng)時(shí)有超過(guò)3500人到場(chǎng)，齊唱“美麗的美國(guó)和星條旗”——這是這座教堂900年來(lái)第一次邀請(qǐng)外國(guó)軍隊(duì)駐足。諷刺的是，這個(gè)節(jié)日的緣由正是因?yàn)楫?dāng)年遷徙到美國(guó)的清教徒們?cè)谟?guó)受到宗教迫害。就此創(chuàng)造了全世界第一盒冰凍簡(jiǎn)餐。湯瑪斯說(shuō)他的靈感來(lái)源于飛機(jī)餐。
