牛津?qū)嵱糜⒄Z語法:280 誤連分詞
通常認(rèn)為分詞是說明它前面的名詞或代詞：
Tom，horrified at what he had done，could at first say nothing.
湯姆被自己所做的事嚇壞了，一開始都說不出話來了。
Romeo，believing that Juliet was dead，decided to kill himself.
羅密歐相信朱麗葉已死，就決定自殺。
A man carrying a large parcel got out of the bus.
一個拿著一大包東西的男人下了公共汽車。
但要注意分詞也可被主要動詞把它跟所說明的名詞或代詞隔開：
Jones and Smith came in，followed by their wives.
瓊斯和史密斯進(jìn)來了，他們的妻子跟在后邊。
She rushed past the policeman，hoping he wouldnt ask what she had inher suitcase.
她趕緊從警察身邊走過去，希望他不會問起手提箱里有什么。
如果在分詞前面沒有名詞或代詞，則認(rèn)為分詞是說明后面主要動詞的主語的：
Stunned by the blow，Peter fell heavily.
彼得被這一擊打昏了，重重地倒了下去。(彼得被擊暈了。)
Believing that he is alone，the villain expresses his thoughts aloud.
那惡棍相信他身邊沒別人了，出聲說出了自己的想法。
如果不遵守上述法則，就會造成混亂。 Waiting for a bus abrick fell on my head的意思似乎是說磚頭在等候公共汽車，那豈非笑話。分詞與名詞或代詞被這樣錯誤地連接時就叫做誤連分詞。上述句子應(yīng)改寫成：
As I was waiting for a bus a brick fell on my head.
在我等公共汽車時一塊磚頭落到了我的頭上。
下面再舉幾個誤連分詞的例子：
(誤)When using this machine it must be remembered
(正)When using this machine you must remember
使用這臺機(jī)器時(你)必須記住
(誤)Believing that I was the only person who knew about this beach，thesight of someone else on it annoyed me very much.
(正)As I believed I was the only person/Believing that I was the only per-son on the beach，I was annoyed by the sight of someone else.
因我自以為是唯一一個在這海灘上的人，看到有別人在這里時所以心里很不高興。
通常認(rèn)為分詞是說明它前面的名詞或代詞：
Tom，horrified at what he had done，could at first say nothing.
湯姆被自己所做的事嚇壞了，一開始都說不出話來了。
Romeo，believing that Juliet was dead，decided to kill himself.
羅密歐相信朱麗葉已死，就決定自殺。
A man carrying a large parcel got out of the bus.
一個拿著一大包東西的男人下了公共汽車。
但要注意分詞也可被主要動詞把它跟所說明的名詞或代詞隔開：
Jones and Smith came in，followed by their wives.
瓊斯和史密斯進(jìn)來了，他們的妻子跟在后邊。
She rushed past the policeman，hoping he wouldnt ask what she had inher suitcase.
她趕緊從警察身邊走過去，希望他不會問起手提箱里有什么。
如果在分詞前面沒有名詞或代詞，則認(rèn)為分詞是說明后面主要動詞的主語的：
Stunned by the blow，Peter fell heavily.
彼得被這一擊打昏了，重重地倒了下去。(彼得被擊暈了。)
Believing that he is alone，the villain expresses his thoughts aloud.
那惡棍相信他身邊沒別人了，出聲說出了自己的想法。
如果不遵守上述法則，就會造成混亂。 Waiting for a bus abrick fell on my head的意思似乎是說磚頭在等候公共汽車，那豈非笑話。分詞與名詞或代詞被這樣錯誤地連接時就叫做誤連分詞。上述句子應(yīng)改寫成：
As I was waiting for a bus a brick fell on my head.
在我等公共汽車時一塊磚頭落到了我的頭上。
下面再舉幾個誤連分詞的例子：
(誤)When using this machine it must be remembered
(正)When using this machine you must remember
使用這臺機(jī)器時(你)必須記住
(誤)Believing that I was the only person who knew about this beach，thesight of someone else on it annoyed me very much.
(正)As I believed I was the only person/Believing that I was the only per-son on the beach，I was annoyed by the sight of someone else.
因我自以為是唯一一個在這海灘上的人，看到有別人在這里時所以心里很不高興。
