高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法-部分高中常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞的錯(cuò)誤用法
部分高中常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞的錯(cuò)誤用法
英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是所有詞類中最易犯錯(cuò)的一種,許多英語(yǔ)運(yùn)用上的毛病都和動(dòng)詞有關(guān)。有時(shí),連常用的動(dòng)詞都會(huì)有用法上的錯(cuò)誤。例如有些動(dòng)詞意思相近,其實(shí)不盡然。至少,在用法上,會(huì)有所差別,如rise和raise,stay和remain便是。有些動(dòng)詞,單獨(dú)用時(shí)是一個(gè)意思和用法,加上介詞時(shí),是另一個(gè)意思和用法,如see和see to,search和search for便是。
下面就來(lái)詳細(xì)談?wù)劇O瓤催@兩個(gè)句子:
①Sam raises very early every morning.
②The monitor rises his hand to ask a question.
大家知道,raise是個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞,意思是舉起,要有賓語(yǔ);rise是個(gè)不及物動(dòng)詞,意思是起身,不可有賓語(yǔ)。這里的①和②都錯(cuò);raises和rises必須對(duì)換才對(duì)。
③He remained in the Holiday Inn.
④The flowers stayed on the branches.
英語(yǔ)的remain是留下來(lái);stay是暫住。顯然的,③和④是不合邏輯的,remained和stayed必須互換。
⑤A crook robbed her money.
⑥A few masked men stole a small bank last night.
雖然robbed和stole都是及物動(dòng)詞,有自己的賓語(yǔ),但是它們?cè)谶@里的用法不當(dāng)。Steal要跟著被偷的東西,如錢(qián)財(cái)、珠寶等;rob的賓語(yǔ)是人或處所。因此,⑤和⑥的robbed和stole要掉轉(zhuǎn)一下。
類似的例子還有下面這些:
⑦a. mend b. repair
這兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞都是修理;不同的是:簡(jiǎn)單的工作,用mend;復(fù)雜的或需要特別儀器的事項(xiàng),則用repair,如:
⑦a. You can mend the broken part of the page with glue.
⑦b. It took some time to repair the road.
⑧a. burned b. burnt
這兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞是burn的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞;在句子中的崗位不同,通常有賓語(yǔ)時(shí)用burnt,沒(méi)賓語(yǔ)時(shí)用burned,如:
⑧a. The love of freedom burned in our hearts./ The candle has burned brightly for the whole night.
⑧b. Who has burnt the paper?/ Jane burnt all the letters from her former boyfriend.
至于動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)+介詞的誤用,我們可以看下面兩組例子:
⑨The police searched the suspects in the shopping centre, but nobody was arrested.
⑩I searched for my pocket and found some coins.
從語(yǔ)感就知道,⑨和⑩里的searched和searched for是倒置了。⑨要的是尋找(searched for);⑩要的是檢查(searched),兩者對(duì)換才是。
⑾The boy says when he grows, he will be a teacher.
⑿Their business grows up rapidly.
英語(yǔ)的grow是發(fā)展;grow up是長(zhǎng)大。顯然的,(11)和(12)的兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞又誤用了,要對(duì)調(diào)一下。
上面各例證明,英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞真是不簡(jiǎn)單。看似沒(méi)什么問(wèn)題的,也出現(xiàn)了問(wèn)題,更何況是復(fù)雜特殊的用法呢?
部分高中常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞的錯(cuò)誤用法
英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是所有詞類中最易犯錯(cuò)的一種,許多英語(yǔ)運(yùn)用上的毛病都和動(dòng)詞有關(guān)。有時(shí),連常用的動(dòng)詞都會(huì)有用法上的錯(cuò)誤。例如有些動(dòng)詞意思相近,其實(shí)不盡然。至少,在用法上,會(huì)有所差別,如rise和raise,stay和remain便是。有些動(dòng)詞,單獨(dú)用時(shí)是一個(gè)意思和用法,加上介詞時(shí),是另一個(gè)意思和用法,如see和see to,search和search for便是。
下面就來(lái)詳細(xì)談?wù)劇O瓤催@兩個(gè)句子:
①Sam raises very early every morning.
②The monitor rises his hand to ask a question.
大家知道,raise是個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞,意思是舉起,要有賓語(yǔ);rise是個(gè)不及物動(dòng)詞,意思是起身,不可有賓語(yǔ)。這里的①和②都錯(cuò);raises和rises必須對(duì)換才對(duì)。
③He remained in the Holiday Inn.
④The flowers stayed on the branches.
英語(yǔ)的remain是留下來(lái);stay是暫住。顯然的,③和④是不合邏輯的,remained和stayed必須互換。
⑤A crook robbed her money.
⑥A few masked men stole a small bank last night.
雖然robbed和stole都是及物動(dòng)詞,有自己的賓語(yǔ),但是它們?cè)谶@里的用法不當(dāng)。Steal要跟著被偷的東西,如錢(qián)財(cái)、珠寶等;rob的賓語(yǔ)是人或處所。因此,⑤和⑥的robbed和stole要掉轉(zhuǎn)一下。
類似的例子還有下面這些:
⑦a. mend b. repair
這兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞都是修理;不同的是:簡(jiǎn)單的工作,用mend;復(fù)雜的或需要特別儀器的事項(xiàng),則用repair,如:
⑦a. You can mend the broken part of the page with glue.
⑦b. It took some time to repair the road.
⑧a. burned b. burnt
這兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞是burn的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞;在句子中的崗位不同,通常有賓語(yǔ)時(shí)用burnt,沒(méi)賓語(yǔ)時(shí)用burned,如:
⑧a. The love of freedom burned in our hearts./ The candle has burned brightly for the whole night.
⑧b. Who has burnt the paper?/ Jane burnt all the letters from her former boyfriend.
至于動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)+介詞的誤用,我們可以看下面兩組例子:
⑨The police searched the suspects in the shopping centre, but nobody was arrested.
⑩I searched for my pocket and found some coins.
從語(yǔ)感就知道,⑨和⑩里的searched和searched for是倒置了。⑨要的是尋找(searched for);⑩要的是檢查(searched),兩者對(duì)換才是。
⑾The boy says when he grows, he will be a teacher.
⑿Their business grows up rapidly.
英語(yǔ)的grow是發(fā)展;grow up是長(zhǎng)大。顯然的,(11)和(12)的兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞又誤用了,要對(duì)調(diào)一下。
上面各例證明,英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞真是不簡(jiǎn)單。看似沒(méi)什么問(wèn)題的,也出現(xiàn)了問(wèn)題,更何況是復(fù)雜特殊的用法呢?