2023年職稱英語教材完型填空新增部分

　　Exercise Cuts Cancer Deaths in Men

　　Men who exercise often are less likely to die from cancer than those who 1 , new research published in the British Journal of Cancer revealed yesterday.

　　A team of scientists from the Karolinska Institute in Sweden looked 2 the effect of physical activity and cancer risk in 40,708 men __ 3 _ between 45 and 79.

　　The seven-year study found that men 4 walked or cycled for at least 30 minutes a day had a 34 per cent lower risk of 5 from cancer than the men who did less exercise or nothing at all. 6 the period studied~, 3,714 men developed cancer and 1,153 died from the disease. The researchers suggest that half an hours walking__7__cycling a day increased survival among these men by 33 per cent.

　　The researchers surveyed men from two counties in central Sweden about their lifestyle and the amount of 8 activity they were usually doing. They then scored these responses and compared the results__9 _data on cancer diagnosis and death officially recorded in a central cancer registry2over a seven-year period.

　　Lead author, Professor Alicja Wolk, said: These results clearly show for the first time the effect that very simple and basic daily 10 such as walking or cycling has in reducing cancer death risk in middle-aged and elderly 11

　　Dr Lesley Walker, director of cancer information at Cancer Research UK, said: This study gives us a clear indication that men who exercise are less 12 to die from cancer, and that they are more likely to 13__the disease if they get it. Its not entirely clear from this study

　　what role exercise plays in preventing 14 in men, but we do know that a healthy lifestyle can prevent up to half of all cancers3-and 15 exercise forms a key part of this.

　　詞匯：

　　Registry n.登記簿 lead 口巧.帶頭的

　　注釋：

　　1.the period studied：所研究的時間段內

　　2.data on cancer diagnosis and death officially recorded in a central cancer registry：官方紀錄在癌癥中心登記簿上的癌癥診斷與死亡數據

　　3.prevent up to half of all cancers：避免各類癌癥不低于一半的數量

　　練習：

　　1.A dont B didnt C wont D cant

　　2.A on 　 B for C at D by

　　3.A ranged B aged C ranked D listed

　　4.A which B who C whom D what

　　5.A recovering B turning C dying D surviving

　　6.A Dunng B Since C Despite D Between

　　7.A and B but C or D with

　　8.A mental B physical C psychological D artistic

　　9.A upon B towards C into D with

　　10.A exercise B life C work D style

　　11.A people B men C adults D couples

　　12.A possible B able C likely D apparent

　　13.A lose B miss C treat D survive

　　14.A disaster B cancer C mistakes D accidents

　　15.A random B rare C regular D rough

　　答案與題解：

　　1.A本句前面提到men who exercise omen，與他們相比較的顯然應當是不經常鍛煉的男人們，即men who dont。

　　2.C look at表示觀察、研究。

　　3.B between 45 and 79顯然指的是這些男人的年齡，因此應選aged。

　　4.B修飾前面的men一詞，因此應選限制性關系代詞who。

　　5.C根據上下文可以得知，經常鍛煉的男人死于癌癥的危險要小。

　　6.A此處顯然應選表示在期問之意的during一詞。

　　7.C本段的第一句出現了walked or cycled，因此此處應選or一詞。

　　8.B短文的第二段曾出現過physical activity，因此此處應選physical一詞。

　　9.D將一件事與另一件事進行比較，應是comparewith。

　　10.A根據上下文意即本句接下來給出的such as walking or cycling，不難推斷此處應選

　　exercise一詞。

　　11.B短文的題目以及之前一直都在談論男人運動與否與癌癥的關系，此處顯然應選men。

　　12.C前面多次提到，堅持經常性運動的男人死于癌癥的可能性要小，possible和likely在漢語里都可譯作可能的，但在英語中意思區別很大，前者側重于存在的客觀趨勢，后者側

　　重于對存在的預期，因而可以說It is possible for them to do，而不說they are possible to do，所以應選likely。

　　13.D既然堅持經常性運動的男人死于癌癥的可能性要小，那么不難推斷這種男人即使得了

　　癌癥，存活下來的可能性也應更大些。

　　14.B短文全篇都在談論男人運動與患癌癥的關系，此外，接下來又出現了prevent up to half

　　of all cancers，因此此處應選cancer。

　　15.C前面提到每天運動帶給男人的好處，因此此處應選regular，表示經常性的

　　Men Too May Suffer from Domestic Violence

　　Nearly three in 10 men have experienced violence at the hands of1 an intimate partner their lifetimes, according to one of the few studies to look 1 domestic violence and health among men.

　　Many men actually do experience domestic violence, although we dont hear about it 2 , Dr. Robert J. Reid of the University of Washington in Seattle, one of the authors, told Reuters Health. They often dont tell 3 we dont ask. We want to message out2 to men who 4 experience domestic violence that they are not alone and there are resources available to 5

　　The researchers asked study participants about physical abuse and non-physical 6 such as threats that made them 7 for3 their safety, controlling behavior , and constant name-calling.

　　Among men 18 to 54 years old, 14.2 percent said they had experienced intimate partner 8 in the past five years, while 6. 1 percent reported domestic violence in the previous year.

　　Rates were lower for men 55 and 9 ,with 5.3 percent reporting violence in the past five years and 2.4 percent having experienced it in the past 12 months.

　　Overall, 30.5 percent of men younger than 55 and 26.5 percent of older men said they had been victims of 10 violence at some point in their lives. About half of the violet men 11 was physical.

　　However, the physical violence men reported wasnt as harsh as 12 stuff, women in a previous study; 20 percent to 40 percent of the men rated it as severe, compare to 61 percent of__13__

　　Men who reported experiencing domestic violence had more emotional and mental problems 14 those who had not, especially older men, the 15 found.

　　詞匯：

　　Intimate 口巧.親密的 name-calling n.辱罵

　　Abuse 凡.傷害

　　注釋：

　　1.at the hands of：出自某人之手，從某人那里

　　2.get the message out：傳達這樣一個信息

　　3.fear for：為擔憂

　　練習：

　　1. A by　　 B at C on D for

　　2. A never B often　　 C ever D now

　　3. A and B but　　　C yet D unless

　　4. A to B no C do D go

　　5. A us B him C you D them

　　6. A strength B labor C abuse D exercise

　　7. A hope B fear C wait D look

　　8. A violence B attitude C friendship D stress

　　9. A younger B junior C senior D older

　　10. A normal B necessary C domestic D foreign

　　11. A enjoyed B experienced C performed D committed

　　12. A this B those C that D one

　　13. A women B people C adults D children

　　14. A from B than C except D despite

　　15. A victims B participants C researchers D partners

　　答案與題解：

　　1.B look at表示觀察、研究。

　　2.B根據上下文可以推斷，此處應選表示經常意思的often一詞。

　　3.A這句話的意思是：他們經常不說而我們也不問。所以應用and一詞連接兩個并列成分。

　　4.C本段中的第一句已經出現過do experience的用法，表示的確經歷過。

　　5.D前面出現的是men一詞，與其對應的應是them.

　　6.C前面出現了physical abuse，與其并列自然應是non.physical abuse。

　　7.B既然是威脅，肯定會令他們為自身安全擔憂，而fear for their safety正表示這樣的意思。

　　8.A從第一句中的violence at the hands of an intimate partner就可以推斷，此處應選violence一詞。

　　9.D因為前面提到了l8至54歲的男人，因此此處應是55歲及55歲以上的男人。

　　10.C前面已經多次出現過domestic violence的搭配。

　　11.B 前面已經多次出現過experience violence這一搭配，而上下文也表明此處表示的意思是男人遭受的家庭暴力。

　　12.C用that指代婦女遭受的physical violence。

　　13.A因為是在與男人做比較，所以應選women。

　　14.B本句中前面出現了表示比較的more一詞，此處自然應選than一詞。

　　15.C結果只能是研究者發現的。

　　Happy Marriage, Happy Heart

　　Happily married people have lower blood pressure 1 unhappily married people or singles, a Brigham Young University study says.

　　On the other hand, even having a supportive social network did not translate into a blood pressure benefit for singles or unhappily 2 people1 , according to the study.

　　There seem to be some unique health benefits from marriage. Its not just being married 3 benefits health - whats really the most protective of health is having a happy 4 study author Julianne Holt-Lunstad, a psychologist who specializes in relationships and health, said in a prepared statement.

　　The study included 204 married and 99 5 adults who wore portable blood-pressure monitors for 24 hours. The 6 recorded blood pressure at random intervals2 and provided a total of about 72 readings.

　　We wanted to capture participants blood pressure doing whatever they normally 7 in everyday life3. Getting one or two readings in a clinic is not really 8 of the fluctuations that occur throughout the day,4 Holt-Lunstad said.

　　Overall, happily married people scored four points 9 on the blood pressure readings than single adults. The study also found that blood __ 10__ among married people especially those in happy marriages -__11 __more during sleep than in single people.

　　Research has shown that people whose blood pressure remains high throughout the night are at__12__greater risk of heart disease than people whose blood pressure drops, Holt-Lunstad said.

　　The study was published in the March 20__13__of the journal Annals of Behavioral Medicine.

　　The study also found that unhappily married adults have higher blood pressure than__14__happily married and single adults.

　　Holt-Lunstad noted that married couples can encourage healthy habits in one __15 such as eating a healthy diet and having regular doctor visits. People in happy marriages also have a source of emotional support, she said.

　　詞匯：

　　Singles n.未婚成人 annals n.年刊

　　Fluctuation n.波動

　　注釋：

　　1.On the other hand，even having a supportive social network did not translate into a blood pressure benefit for singles 0;unhappily married people：另一方面，對單身成人或者是婚姻不幸福的人來說，即使有著良好的社交圈也不會轉化為有助于血壓的益處。

　　2.at random intervals：間隔時間不固定

　　3.We wanted to capture participants blood pressure doing whatever they normally do in everyday life：我們希望捕捉實驗對象在從事其日常生活中通常所做任何事情時的血壓。

　　4.Getting one or two readings in a clinic is not really representative of the fluctuations that occur throughout the day：在診室里獲取一兩個讀數并不能真正代表一天之內發生的波動。

　　練習：

　　1. A from B to C than D by

　　2. A married 　B engaged C linked D loved

　　3. A which 　 B that C this D what

　　4. A life B marriage C partner D spouse

　　5. A young B old C single D experienced

　　6. A monitors B doctors C nurses D researchers

　　7. A take B do C make D want

　　8. A supportive B active C representative D protective

　　9. A most B lower C higher D least

　　10. A pressure B speed C level D flow

　　11. A stopped B dropped C rose D ran

　　12. A more B some C much D any

　　13. A page B number C copy D issue

　　14. A nor B both C neither D either

　　15. A another B each C other D every

　　答案與題解：

　　1.C 本句用了表示比較的lower一詞，因此空格處只能選than一詞。

　　2.A上一句中已經出現了unhappily married people，所以在unhappily和people之間顯然應選married一詞。

　　3.B本句是一個強調句型結構。

　　4.B從前面出現過的happily married people可以得知，對健康最具保護作用的是擁有一個happy marriage。

　　5.C從上下文可以得知，研究對象包括已婚和未婚的成年人。

　　6.A前一句中出現了monitors一詞，此處仍指monitors。.

　　7.B空格處應填與前面出現的doing一詞相一致的動詞d0，以表示日常生活中通常所做的事情。

　　8.c本句的意思是：在診室里獲取一兩個讀數并不能真正代表一天之內發生的波動。

　　9.B從上下文可以得知，總體來說，婚姻幸福的人血壓讀數應相對低些。

　　10.A該段的主要內容是婚姻與血壓的關系，顯然此處應填pressure。

　　11.B從上下文可以得知，與單身的成年人相比，已婚者，尤其是婚姻幸福者的血壓夜里睡眠時應該是下降得更多。

　　12.C修飾比較級，表示得多，應該用much。

　　13.D表示定期出版的雜志的第幾期，應用issue一詞。

　　14.B此句將婚姻不幸福者與婚姻幸福者和單身成年人做比較。

　　15.A one another表示相互的意思。

　　Many Women Who Beat Cancer Dont Change Habits

　　Many women who battle breast cancer will tell you its a life-changing experience. However, a new study shows that for many 1 , the changes arent always positive or permanent1.

　　Beth Snoke has watched her mother and both grandmothers battle and survive breast__2 .So when she was diagnosed, there was no doubt in her mind __3 she had to do.

　　I do exactly what the doctors say as far as the medicine that Im on, as 4 as the vitamins, the diet, and the fitness. And I cant stress enough__5__important that is, says Beth Snoke. But a surprising new study shows that 6 every woman who beats breast cancer is getting that message. In fact, nearly 40% of them say even 7 surviving breast cancer, they havent made significant changes in the 8 they eat or how much they exercise.