老外在中國：熊貓——傳播善意的外交名片
從1972年起，中國的“熊貓外交”已經(jīng)存在很多年了。如今，已經(jīng)有14個(gè)海外國家擁有象征著中華人民共和國友誼的熊貓?zhí)厥埂?/p>
By John Lydon
Germany was buzzing late last month with news that a long-awaited giant panda pair had arrived at the Berlin Zoo. The zoo had been without a panda since the death of Bao Bao five years earlier, and panda mania gripped the nation as the public waited to see Meng Meng and Jiao Qing.
6月下旬，德國民眾開始沸騰，資訊報(bào)道稱民眾盼望已久的一對(duì)大熊貓已經(jīng)抵達(dá)柏林動(dòng)物園。自從5年前熊貓“寶寶”去世后，柏林動(dòng)物園中就再也沒有熊貓的身影了。德國民眾對(duì)“夢夢”和“嬌慶”翹首以盼之時(shí)，熊貓熱潮已席卷德國。
On July 5, the day before the new $10 million Chinese-themed enclosure would open, the zoo held a welcoming ceremony for the pandas. Visiting President Xi Jinping toured the enclosure with German Chancellor Angela Merkel.
7月5日，在造價(jià)千萬美元的中國風(fēng)大熊貓館開放的前一天，動(dòng)物園為熊貓們舉行了一場歡迎儀式。德國總理安格拉?默克爾陪同來訪的中國國家主席習(xí)近平參觀了大熊貓館。
Merkel was overjoyed with the arrival of the "special envoys", telling Xi they were a "symbol for the relationship between our two countries".
默克爾對(duì)“熊貓?zhí)厥埂钡牡絹砀械绞中老玻?duì)習(xí)近平表示，它們是“兩國關(guān)系的象征”。
How right she was.
默克爾說的非常正確。
"Panda diplomacy" has been around for years.
“熊貓外交”已經(jīng)存在很多年了。
In February 1972, US president Richard Nixon traveled with his wife, Pat, and adviser Henry Kissinger to Beijing to meet Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai, dramatically ending Washington's diplomatic cold shoulder toward the New China. Beijing, to underscore its goodwill toward the United States, sent two giant pandas to Washington the following month.
1972年2月，美國總統(tǒng)理查德?尼克松與妻子帕特、顧問亨利?基辛格一起訪華，并與毛澤東和周恩來會(huì)晤，結(jié)束了美方對(duì)新中國的外交孤立政策。北京為了表示對(duì)美國的善意，于同年3月將兩只大熊貓贈(zèng)送給華盛頓動(dòng)物園。
It’s a gesture that China has often repeated in various countries. In March, for instance, two pandas were sent to the Netherlands. Fourteen foreign countries now have giant pandas, sent as a token of friendship by the People's Republic.
這是中國外交經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的一種姿態(tài)。例如，2024年3月，兩只大熊貓被送往荷蘭。如今，已有海外14個(gè)國家擁有象征著中華人民共和國友誼的大熊貓。
It’s such a heartwarming diplomatic gesture, you have to wonder why other countries haven't followed suit.
這是一種暖人心房的外交手段，你一定想知道，為什么其他國家沒有效仿。
Sure, after the National Zoo in Washington received the gift in 1972, Nixon reciprocated by sending a pair of Alaskan muskoxen to China. But it's not the same. A muskox just doesn't say “Greetings from the US”.
當(dāng)然，在1972年美國華盛頓國家動(dòng)物園收到中國的禮物之后，美國總統(tǒng)尼克松也送了中國一對(duì)阿拉斯加麝牛作為回禮。但二者的意義是不一樣的。一只麝牛確實(shí)不能被看成“來自美國的問候”。
For that you’d need the bald eagle, the US national bird, as seen on dollar bills, or the American bison, the national mammal.
如果非要以動(dòng)物來代表美國的問候，你需要的是美鈔上的美國國鳥禿鷹，或者美國國獸美洲野牛。
Most countries have a designated national animal, such as Russia's Eurasian brown bear or India's Bengal tiger. Some chose birds, like France's Gallic rooster and Colombia’s Andean condor, and some reptiles, like Indonesia's Komodo dragon.
大多數(shù)國家都有代表本國的特定動(dòng)物，如俄羅斯的歐亞棕熊或印度的孟加拉虎。一些國家選擇鳥類作為代表國家的動(dòng)物，比如，法國的高盧雄雞和哥倫比亞的安第斯神鷲，還有一些國家選擇了爬行動(dòng)物，如印度尼西亞的科莫多巨蜥。
One could imagine a pair of any of these creatures serving as a diplomatic greeting card to a foreign country.
你可以想象一下，如果將從上述生物中選兩只作為外交名片送到他國去，會(huì)是什么結(jié)果。
Still, the panda seems to have an inexplicable universal charm.
然而，熊貓似乎擁有一種神奇的萬能魅力。
In the excitement leading up to the arrival of Xing Ya and Wu Wen at Ouwehands Zoo in the Netherlands, de Volkskrant newspaper in Amsterdam published an explanation of the phenomenon.
“星雅”和“武雯”到達(dá)荷蘭歐維漢茲動(dòng)物園后，荷蘭民眾激動(dòng)不已，總部位于阿姆斯特丹的荷蘭《人民報(bào)》刊文解釋了此現(xiàn)象。
According to de Volkskrant, human beings are psychologically wired to feel tenderness for pandas. It's called the "baby effect". As with human infants, the pupils of a panda's eyes appear proportionately too big.
《人民報(bào)》認(rèn)為，受心理影響，人類認(rèn)為熊貓有著其他動(dòng)物不具備的討喜氣質(zhì)。這種氣質(zhì)被稱為“嬰兒效應(yīng)”。因?yàn)樾茇埡腿祟悑雰阂粯樱劬ν椎谋壤挤浅４蟆?/p>
"The panda's eye patches, moreover, sit just right, with the corner of the eye lower, a shape that people associate with supplication and subservience," the newspaper quoted psychologist Mariska Kret of Leiden University as saying. "Turn them the other way around and you get an angry looking face."
“此外，熊貓黑眼圈的位置也是恰到好處。向下傾斜的形狀會(huì)給人懇求和服從的感覺”，該報(bào)援引荷蘭萊頓大學(xué)心理學(xué)家瑪麗斯卡?克列特的話稱，“如果把熊貓的黑眼圈換個(gè)方向，就會(huì)產(chǎn)生完全不同的效果。你會(huì)看到一張憤怒的臉。”
Add the round ears, small snout and head that looks proportionately too big, de Volkskrant added, and it's like a baby, huggable.
《人民報(bào)》還寫道，再加上圓圓的耳朵，小鼻子和看起來比例過大的頭，它就像一個(gè)嬰兒，招人喜愛。
I can't imagine saying that about a bald eagle.
你說禿頭鷹也像嬰兒一樣討喜？我無法想象。
從1972年起，中國的“熊貓外交”已經(jīng)存在很多年了。如今，已經(jīng)有14個(gè)海外國家擁有象征著中華人民共和國友誼的熊貓?zhí)厥埂?/p>
By John Lydon
Germany was buzzing late last month with news that a long-awaited giant panda pair had arrived at the Berlin Zoo. The zoo had been without a panda since the death of Bao Bao five years earlier, and panda mania gripped the nation as the public waited to see Meng Meng and Jiao Qing.
6月下旬，德國民眾開始沸騰，資訊報(bào)道稱民眾盼望已久的一對(duì)大熊貓已經(jīng)抵達(dá)柏林動(dòng)物園。自從5年前熊貓“寶寶”去世后，柏林動(dòng)物園中就再也沒有熊貓的身影了。德國民眾對(duì)“夢夢”和“嬌慶”翹首以盼之時(shí)，熊貓熱潮已席卷德國。
On July 5, the day before the new $10 million Chinese-themed enclosure would open, the zoo held a welcoming ceremony for the pandas. Visiting President Xi Jinping toured the enclosure with German Chancellor Angela Merkel.
7月5日，在造價(jià)千萬美元的中國風(fēng)大熊貓館開放的前一天，動(dòng)物園為熊貓們舉行了一場歡迎儀式。德國總理安格拉?默克爾陪同來訪的中國國家主席習(xí)近平參觀了大熊貓館。
Merkel was overjoyed with the arrival of the "special envoys", telling Xi they were a "symbol for the relationship between our two countries".
默克爾對(duì)“熊貓?zhí)厥埂钡牡絹砀械绞中老玻?duì)習(xí)近平表示，它們是“兩國關(guān)系的象征”。
How right she was.
默克爾說的非常正確。
"Panda diplomacy" has been around for years.
“熊貓外交”已經(jīng)存在很多年了。
In February 1972, US president Richard Nixon traveled with his wife, Pat, and adviser Henry Kissinger to Beijing to meet Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai, dramatically ending Washington's diplomatic cold shoulder toward the New China. Beijing, to underscore its goodwill toward the United States, sent two giant pandas to Washington the following month.
1972年2月，美國總統(tǒng)理查德?尼克松與妻子帕特、顧問亨利?基辛格一起訪華，并與毛澤東和周恩來會(huì)晤，結(jié)束了美方對(duì)新中國的外交孤立政策。北京為了表示對(duì)美國的善意，于同年3月將兩只大熊貓贈(zèng)送給華盛頓動(dòng)物園。
It’s a gesture that China has often repeated in various countries. In March, for instance, two pandas were sent to the Netherlands. Fourteen foreign countries now have giant pandas, sent as a token of friendship by the People's Republic.
這是中國外交經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的一種姿態(tài)。例如，2024年3月，兩只大熊貓被送往荷蘭。如今，已有海外14個(gè)國家擁有象征著中華人民共和國友誼的大熊貓。
It’s such a heartwarming diplomatic gesture, you have to wonder why other countries haven't followed suit.
這是一種暖人心房的外交手段，你一定想知道，為什么其他國家沒有效仿。
Sure, after the National Zoo in Washington received the gift in 1972, Nixon reciprocated by sending a pair of Alaskan muskoxen to China. But it's not the same. A muskox just doesn't say “Greetings from the US”.
當(dāng)然，在1972年美國華盛頓國家動(dòng)物園收到中國的禮物之后，美國總統(tǒng)尼克松也送了中國一對(duì)阿拉斯加麝牛作為回禮。但二者的意義是不一樣的。一只麝牛確實(shí)不能被看成“來自美國的問候”。
For that you’d need the bald eagle, the US national bird, as seen on dollar bills, or the American bison, the national mammal.
如果非要以動(dòng)物來代表美國的問候，你需要的是美鈔上的美國國鳥禿鷹，或者美國國獸美洲野牛。
Most countries have a designated national animal, such as Russia's Eurasian brown bear or India's Bengal tiger. Some chose birds, like France's Gallic rooster and Colombia’s Andean condor, and some reptiles, like Indonesia's Komodo dragon.
大多數(shù)國家都有代表本國的特定動(dòng)物，如俄羅斯的歐亞棕熊或印度的孟加拉虎。一些國家選擇鳥類作為代表國家的動(dòng)物，比如，法國的高盧雄雞和哥倫比亞的安第斯神鷲，還有一些國家選擇了爬行動(dòng)物，如印度尼西亞的科莫多巨蜥。
One could imagine a pair of any of these creatures serving as a diplomatic greeting card to a foreign country.
你可以想象一下，如果將從上述生物中選兩只作為外交名片送到他國去，會(huì)是什么結(jié)果。
Still, the panda seems to have an inexplicable universal charm.
然而，熊貓似乎擁有一種神奇的萬能魅力。
In the excitement leading up to the arrival of Xing Ya and Wu Wen at Ouwehands Zoo in the Netherlands, de Volkskrant newspaper in Amsterdam published an explanation of the phenomenon.
“星雅”和“武雯”到達(dá)荷蘭歐維漢茲動(dòng)物園后，荷蘭民眾激動(dòng)不已，總部位于阿姆斯特丹的荷蘭《人民報(bào)》刊文解釋了此現(xiàn)象。
According to de Volkskrant, human beings are psychologically wired to feel tenderness for pandas. It's called the "baby effect". As with human infants, the pupils of a panda's eyes appear proportionately too big.
《人民報(bào)》認(rèn)為，受心理影響，人類認(rèn)為熊貓有著其他動(dòng)物不具備的討喜氣質(zhì)。這種氣質(zhì)被稱為“嬰兒效應(yīng)”。因?yàn)樾茇埡腿祟悑雰阂粯樱劬ν椎谋壤挤浅４蟆?/p>
"The panda's eye patches, moreover, sit just right, with the corner of the eye lower, a shape that people associate with supplication and subservience," the newspaper quoted psychologist Mariska Kret of Leiden University as saying. "Turn them the other way around and you get an angry looking face."
“此外，熊貓黑眼圈的位置也是恰到好處。向下傾斜的形狀會(huì)給人懇求和服從的感覺”，該報(bào)援引荷蘭萊頓大學(xué)心理學(xué)家瑪麗斯卡?克列特的話稱，“如果把熊貓的黑眼圈換個(gè)方向，就會(huì)產(chǎn)生完全不同的效果。你會(huì)看到一張憤怒的臉。”
Add the round ears, small snout and head that looks proportionately too big, de Volkskrant added, and it's like a baby, huggable.
《人民報(bào)》還寫道，再加上圓圓的耳朵，小鼻子和看起來比例過大的頭，它就像一個(gè)嬰兒，招人喜愛。
I can't imagine saying that about a bald eagle.
你說禿頭鷹也像嬰兒一樣討喜？我無法想象。
