大學(xué)英語四級考試閱讀理解難句解析
1、 Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old man who had delayed doing anything about his smoker s cough for a year.
主干：Gullotta saw a man...
1. who 引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾a...man。
2.本句是肯定陳述句，卻用了doing anything而不是doing something,語義上有所強調(diào)。
譯文：兩個月以前格洛塔為一位50歲的男士看病，這名男士吸煙可歐已有一年，但期間他沒有采取任何措施，以至于延誤了治療。
2、The digital bread crumbs you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are, where you are and what you like.
主干：The crumbs make it easy to reconstruce...
you leave everywhere 是定語從句，省略了關(guān)系代詞that，修飾crumbs; make it easy for...to do...結(jié)構(gòu)中，it 是形式賓語，真正的賓語是不定式 to reconstruct...。easy是賓語補語，for引導(dǎo)出不定式的邏輯主語strangers。句末who, where和what引導(dǎo)的三個名詞性從句都是reconstruct的賓語。
譯文：你處處留下的數(shù)字面包碎屑很容易讓陌生人推想出你是誰，你在哪里，你對什么感興趣。
3、Privacy economist Alessandro Acquisti has run a series of tests that reveal people will surrender personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-off coupon .
主干：Alessandro Acquisti has run a series of tests...
Privacy economist 和 Alessandro Acquisti 是同位語。tests后的that從句作tests的定語，該從句的謂語動詞reveal帶有一個賓語從句people will surrender...。
譯文：隱私經(jīng)濟學(xué)家Alessandro Acquisti 進行了一系列的測試，這些測試表明人們會透露像社保卡號這樣的個人信息，就只是為了能拿到微不足道的便宜50美分的優(yōu)惠券。
4.There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it s like to work in a field dominated by men.
主干：There was a time
本句是個存在句，主語a time由when引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾。about+what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句構(gòu)成介詞短語，作stories的后置定語在該賓語從句中，it是形式主語，后面的不定式短語to work...是真正的主語。dominated...作a field的后置定語。
譯文：我生活中有那么一段時間人們老是問我，供職于一個男性占主導(dǎo)地位的領(lǐng)域感覺如何。
5.The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls free writing.
主干：The practice...is what...
定語從句that can...修飾主語The practice,從句中的介詞短語 past your...habits作賓語you的補語，as you write引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句修飾trying to edite。what引導(dǎo)的表語從句中用了call+賓語+補語的結(jié)構(gòu)，what是賓語，free writing是補語。
譯文：這種可以幫助你克服在寫作的同時就試圖編輯的壞習(xí)慣的做法便是Elbow所稱作的自由式寫作。
1、 Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old man who had delayed doing anything about his smoker s cough for a year.
主干：Gullotta saw a man...
1. who 引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾a...man。
2.本句是肯定陳述句，卻用了doing anything而不是doing something,語義上有所強調(diào)。
譯文：兩個月以前格洛塔為一位50歲的男士看病，這名男士吸煙可歐已有一年，但期間他沒有采取任何措施，以至于延誤了治療。
2、The digital bread crumbs you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are, where you are and what you like.
主干：The crumbs make it easy to reconstruce...
you leave everywhere 是定語從句，省略了關(guān)系代詞that，修飾crumbs; make it easy for...to do...結(jié)構(gòu)中，it 是形式賓語，真正的賓語是不定式 to reconstruct...。easy是賓語補語，for引導(dǎo)出不定式的邏輯主語strangers。句末who, where和what引導(dǎo)的三個名詞性從句都是reconstruct的賓語。
譯文：你處處留下的數(shù)字面包碎屑很容易讓陌生人推想出你是誰，你在哪里，你對什么感興趣。
3、Privacy economist Alessandro Acquisti has run a series of tests that reveal people will surrender personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-off coupon .
主干：Alessandro Acquisti has run a series of tests...
Privacy economist 和 Alessandro Acquisti 是同位語。tests后的that從句作tests的定語，該從句的謂語動詞reveal帶有一個賓語從句people will surrender...。
譯文：隱私經(jīng)濟學(xué)家Alessandro Acquisti 進行了一系列的測試，這些測試表明人們會透露像社保卡號這樣的個人信息，就只是為了能拿到微不足道的便宜50美分的優(yōu)惠券。
4.There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it s like to work in a field dominated by men.
主干：There was a time
本句是個存在句，主語a time由when引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾。about+what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句構(gòu)成介詞短語，作stories的后置定語在該賓語從句中，it是形式主語，后面的不定式短語to work...是真正的主語。dominated...作a field的后置定語。
譯文：我生活中有那么一段時間人們老是問我，供職于一個男性占主導(dǎo)地位的領(lǐng)域感覺如何。
5.The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls free writing.
主干：The practice...is what...
定語從句that can...修飾主語The practice,從句中的介詞短語 past your...habits作賓語you的補語，as you write引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句修飾trying to edite。what引導(dǎo)的表語從句中用了call+賓語+補語的結(jié)構(gòu)，what是賓語，free writing是補語。
譯文：這種可以幫助你克服在寫作的同時就試圖編輯的壞習(xí)慣的做法便是Elbow所稱作的自由式寫作。
