考研英語常用英語詞匯計算機類

　　計算機Computer

　　172.abort ：異常中止

　　To cancel or end a program or procedure while it is in progress.

　　取消或終止正在運行的程序或過程

　　We decided to abort the program.

　　我們決定中止這項程序。

　　173.access ：訪問，存取

　　The locating and/or obtaining of desired data.

　　查找和/或獲取所需數(shù)據

　　Only authorized personnel can access these computer files.

　　只有經過授權的人才可以訪問這些計算機文件。

　　174.artificial intelligence ：人工智能

　 　The branch of computer science that deals with using computers to simulate human thinking and to perform functions normally associated with human intelligence.

　　計算機科學的一個分支，研究如何使用電腦模仿人的思維，并執(zhí)行一些通常與人類智能有關的功能。

　 　Artificial intelligence has been the focus of much hype since the early 1980s and is widely expected to be achieved in the 21st century.

　　自從80年代初以來，人工智能一直被大量宣傳。人們普遍認為在21世紀人工智能將獲得成功。

　　175.backup copy ：備份

　　A copy of a current file made in order to protect against loss or damage.

　　為防止當前文件的丟失或損壞而另存儲的一份。

　　Did you make a backup copy of that file?

　　那份文件你有備份吧?

　　176.batch ：批

　　A group of records or transactions that can be processed together.

　　可以一塊處理的一組記錄或事務。

　　Ive gotta finish this batch by tomorrow.

　　明天之前我必須做完這批處理。

　　177.boot ：啟動

　　To start up a computer, making it ready to operate.

　　打開電腦使之可以運行。

　　Just a minute, Im waiting for my computer to boot up.

　　等會兒，我正等我的電腦啟動起來。

　　178.bug ：錯誤，故障

　　A mistake or malfunction that can occur in a computer program.

　　電腦程序可能出現(xiàn)的錯誤或故障。

　　For some reason, weve been experiencing some bugs in this particular program.

　　不知什么原因，這個特定程序總有錯誤。

　　179.canned software ：軟件包

　　Programs prepared by computer manufacturers that are in ready to use form and can used by many business and individuals.

　　由電腦生產商準備好的可供公司或個人即買即用的程序。

　　WordPefect 6.0 is one of the newest items of canned software on the market.

　　WordPefect6.0是市場上銷售的軟件包中最新的一款軟件。

　　180.character ：字符

　　Any symbol, digit, letter, etc. that is stored or processed by a computer.

　　由電腦存儲、處理的任何符號、數(shù)字、字母等。

　　An optical scanner can actually read characters and transfer them to the monitor screen of a computer.

　　光學掃描儀能讀出字符，并將其轉換到電腦顯示屏上。

　　181.clones ：克隆，仿制品

　　A term used to describe a product that is a copy of another one, such as a computer clone.

　　指以其他產品為范本復制出來的產品。

　　In the new global economy, there are dozens of computer clones on the market.

　　在經濟全球化的今天，市場上有幾十種電腦仿制品。

　　182.coding ：編碼

　　The writing of a list of computer instructions causing it to perform specific functions and operations.

　　編寫一系列計算機的指令，使之執(zhí)行特定功能和操作。

　　We are currently recoding all the computers in our office.

　　我們現(xiàn)在正為辦公室的所有計算機重新編碼。

　　183.computerese ：計算機行話

　　Slang for computer jargon.

　　計算機專業(yè)術語的俚稱。

　　Are you fluent in computerese?

　　你對計算機行話熟悉嗎?

　　184.computernik ：計算機專家，計算機迷

　　Slang for a person who spends a lot of time using computers.

　　俚語，指長時間使用電腦的人。

　　John hangs around with all the computernik.

　　約翰同許多計算機機專家有來往。

　　185.crash ： 崩潰

　　A system shutdown caused by a hardware or software malfunction.

　　由硬件、軟件故障導致系統(tǒng)的關閉。

　　Our system just crashed.

　　我們的系統(tǒng)剛才崩潰了。

　　186.data leakage ： 數(shù)據丟失

　　The illegal removal of data from a computer.

　　非法移動電腦中的數(shù)據。

　　Weve had no data leakage problems since weve installed our new security program.

　　自從安裝新的保密程序后，我們的電腦沒有出現(xiàn)數(shù)據丟失的問題。

　　187.dot matrix ： 點陣

　　Forming letters or characters from dots, as opposed to type.

　　通過輸出點來形成字母或字符，這和打字相反。

　　Dot matrix printers are being phased out and replaced by printers that can produce clean type.

　　點陣式打印機正被淘汰，并為高清晰度打印機所取代。

　　188.downtime ： 故障停機時間

　　The length of time a computer is down because of a malfunction.

　　由于故障而使電腦停機的時間。

　　Sorry, youll have to come back later the computers are down.

　　抱歉，你待等會兒再來，我們的電腦出故障了。

　　How much downtime did we log last month?

　　我們上個月的故障停機時間有多長?

　　189.info highway ： 信息高速公路

　 　The flow of TV and cable channels that will allow individuals to access a revolutionary variety of entertainment, news, communications, home-shopping, etc.

　　電視和電訊通道的信息傳輸，這些信息通道讓個人獲得大量的娛樂、資訊、通訊服務和在家購物等，其種類令人目不暇接。

　　Time Magazine featured a cover devoted to the new info highway in early 1993.

　　1993年初，《時代周刊》刊載了一篇封面文章，專門介紹信息高速公路。

　　190.infomaion overload ： 信息充塞

　　A condition characterized by an excess of messages demanding attention, which leads to confusion and a loss of efficiency.

　　需要關注的信息內容過多的狀況，這種狀況導致混亂和效率的降低。

　　Most of us are suffering from information overload in the 1990s.

　　在90年代我們大多數(shù)人都受害于信息充塞。

　　計算機Computer

　　172.abort ：異常中止

　　To cancel or end a program or procedure while it is in progress.

　　取消或終止正在運行的程序或過程

　　We decided to abort the program.

　　我們決定中止這項程序。

　　173.access ：訪問，存取

　　The locating and/or obtaining of desired data.

　　查找和/或獲取所需數(shù)據

　　Only authorized personnel can access these computer files.

　　只有經過授權的人才可以訪問這些計算機文件。

　　174.artificial intelligence ：人工智能

　 　The branch of computer science that deals with using computers to simulate human thinking and to perform functions normally associated with human intelligence.

　　計算機科學的一個分支，研究如何使用電腦模仿人的思維，并執(zhí)行一些通常與人類智能有關的功能。

　 　Artificial intelligence has been the focus of much hype since the early 1980s and is widely expected to be achieved in the 21st century.

　　自從80年代初以來，人工智能一直被大量宣傳。人們普遍認為在21世紀人工智能將獲得成功。

　　175.backup copy ：備份

　　A copy of a current file made in order to protect against loss or damage.

　　為防止當前文件的丟失或損壞而另存儲的一份。

　　Did you make a backup copy of that file?

　　那份文件你有備份吧?

　　176.batch ：批

　　A group of records or transactions that can be processed together.

　　可以一塊處理的一組記錄或事務。

　　Ive gotta finish this batch by tomorrow.

　　明天之前我必須做完這批處理。

　　177.boot ：啟動

　　To start up a computer, making it ready to operate.

　　打開電腦使之可以運行。

　　Just a minute, Im waiting for my computer to boot up.

　　等會兒，我正等我的電腦啟動起來。

　　178.bug ：錯誤，故障

　　A mistake or malfunction that can occur in a computer program.

　　電腦程序可能出現(xiàn)的錯誤或故障。

　　For some reason, weve been experiencing some bugs in this particular program.

　　不知什么原因，這個特定程序總有錯誤。

　　179.canned software ：軟件包

　　Programs prepared by computer manufacturers that are in ready to use form and can used by many business and individuals.

　　由電腦生產商準備好的可供公司或個人即買即用的程序。

　　WordPefect 6.0 is one of the newest items of canned software on the market.

　　WordPefect6.0是市場上銷售的軟件包中最新的一款軟件。

　　180.character ：字符

　　Any symbol, digit, letter, etc. that is stored or processed by a computer.

　　由電腦存儲、處理的任何符號、數(shù)字、字母等。

　　An optical scanner can actually read characters and transfer them to the monitor screen of a computer.

　　光學掃描儀能讀出字符，并將其轉換到電腦顯示屏上。

　　181.clones ：克隆，仿制品

　　A term used to describe a product that is a copy of another one, such as a computer clone.

　　指以其他產品為范本復制出來的產品。

　　In the new global economy, there are dozens of computer clones on the market.

　　在經濟全球化的今天，市場上有幾十種電腦仿制品。

　　182.coding ：編碼

　　The writing of a list of computer instructions causing it to perform specific functions and operations.

　　編寫一系列計算機的指令，使之執(zhí)行特定功能和操作。

　　We are currently recoding all the computers in our office.

　　我們現(xiàn)在正為辦公室的所有計算機重新編碼。

　　183.computerese ：計算機行話

　　Slang for computer jargon.

　　計算機專業(yè)術語的俚稱。

　　Are you fluent in computerese?

　　你對計算機行話熟悉嗎?

　　184.computernik ：計算機專家，計算機迷

　　Slang for a person who spends a lot of time using computers.

　　俚語，指長時間使用電腦的人。

　　John hangs around with all the computernik.

　　約翰同許多計算機機專家有來往。

　　185.crash ： 崩潰

　　A system shutdown caused by a hardware or software malfunction.

　　由硬件、軟件故障導致系統(tǒng)的關閉。

　　Our system just crashed.

　　我們的系統(tǒng)剛才崩潰了。

　　186.data leakage ： 數(shù)據丟失

　　The illegal removal of data from a computer.

　　非法移動電腦中的數(shù)據。

　　Weve had no data leakage problems since weve installed our new security program.

　　自從安裝新的保密程序后，我們的電腦沒有出現(xiàn)數(shù)據丟失的問題。

　　187.dot matrix ： 點陣

　　Forming letters or characters from dots, as opposed to type.

　　通過輸出點來形成字母或字符，這和打字相反。

　　Dot matrix printers are being phased out and replaced by printers that can produce clean type.

　　點陣式打印機正被淘汰，并為高清晰度打印機所取代。

　　188.downtime ： 故障停機時間

　　The length of time a computer is down because of a malfunction.

　　由于故障而使電腦停機的時間。

　　Sorry, youll have to come back later the computers are down.

　　抱歉，你待等會兒再來，我們的電腦出故障了。

　　How much downtime did we log last month?

　　我們上個月的故障停機時間有多長?

　　189.info highway ： 信息高速公路

　 　The flow of TV and cable channels that will allow individuals to access a revolutionary variety of entertainment, news, communications, home-shopping, etc.

　　電視和電訊通道的信息傳輸，這些信息通道讓個人獲得大量的娛樂、資訊、通訊服務和在家購物等，其種類令人目不暇接。

　　Time Magazine featured a cover devoted to the new info highway in early 1993.

　　1993年初，《時代周刊》刊載了一篇封面文章，專門介紹信息高速公路。

　　190.infomaion overload ： 信息充塞

　　A condition characterized by an excess of messages demanding attention, which leads to confusion and a loss of efficiency.

　　需要關注的信息內容過多的狀況，這種狀況導致混亂和效率的降低。

　　Most of us are suffering from information overload in the 1990s.

　　在90年代我們大多數(shù)人都受害于信息充塞。