考研英語考前寫作必備手冊第三章（二）
第二節提綱作文
1. 寫作攻略
提綱式作文中，為考生提供了題目和一個簡單的寫作提綱，從而將考生的寫作控制在一定范
圍內。這類作文只要考查的內容一般包括：說明主題、分析原因或解釋做法。作文題目中會
提供：(1)標題;(2)提綱;(3)起始句。標題限定短文的基本發展方向，提綱規定短文的
基本框架，起始句則提供短文的起點。考生應緊扣題目主題，并根據提綱提示的思路和要點
展開段落。由于提供的寫作提綱一般也為三段，所以考生也可以按照三段式作文將簡單的提
綱展為主題句，再按照主題句作文的寫作方法將文章寫成。
寫提綱作文時的具體步驟：
(1)認真研究所給提綱
考生要仔細領會提綱的含義，不能遺漏提綱要點，更不能錯誤理解提綱的意思。
(2)確定各段的主題句
考生應根據所給提綱寫出各段的主題句，合格的主題句應具備以下要點：
☆ 意義完整
主題句結構要完整，即結構符合語法規則;意義要完整，即主題句是一個符合邏輯的完整句
子。
☆ 表意清晰
主題句要清晰明確，不能使用意思含混的詞語或句子。
☆ 內容具體
主題句的內容要明確具體，利于段落的展開。
☆ 用詞貼切
主題句一定要用詞準確，簡明達意，為段落的拓展打好基礎。
(3)逐步展開段落
段落寫作應圍繞自己列好的主題句進行，在寫作過程中可稍加調整。
(4)檢查與修改
檢查考題所給提綱是否完整且準確地被表達于文章之中，如有偏差，應做出相應的修改。
2. 必背模版句型
It is often said that...
我們經常這么說
It goes without saying that...
毫無疑問
It can be easily proved that...
很容易被證明。
One thing which is equally important to the above mentioned is...
與以上一點同樣重要的是
I am of the opinion that...
我支持
The chief reason why ...is that ...
之所以的主要原因是
To take...for an example ...
把作為一個例子
According to a latest study, it can be predicted...
最近的研究預測
Another special consideration in this case is that ...
關于這件事還有一點值得考慮，那就是
This may be true, but we still have a problem with regard to...
這也許對，但關于我們仍然有一個問題。
Besides, we should not neglect that...
另外，我們不應該忽視
Therefore, these findings reveal the following information...
因此，這些發現揭示了以下信息
On account of this we can find that ...
據此我們可以發現
Wonderful as A is, however, it has its own disadvantages too.
盡管 A很優秀，但它也有自身的缺陷。
Among the most convincing reasons given, one should be mentioned...
在所有可信賴的理由中，有一個值得一提
Currently thereis a widespread concern that...
目前，對于普遍關注。
There is no immediate solution to the problem of ..., but ...might be helpful.
關于解決沒有快速的辦法，但可能會有作用。
All available evidence points to the fact that...
所有的證據證明
No one can deny the fact that...
沒人能否定這個事實。
Taking into account all these factors, we may safely reach the conclusion that...
考慮到所有這些因素，我們可以做出這樣的結論
3. 必背經典范文
Directions:
Write an article on Changes on State-owned Houses and Private Houses of China. In your article
you should
thepresent situation
the possible causes
its impact
Ownership of Houses in Beijing
Ownership of houses in Beijing has significantly changed in recent years. In 1990, 75 percent of
the houses were state owned. But in 1995, the ratio of state-owned houses to private ones was
60 to 40. And the ownership changed dramatically since 1995 and by the end of the century, 80
percent of houses were private.
There might have been two main reasons. One of the reasons was the policy of the government. In
the 1990s, China carried on with its reform policy and the government called for privatization of
the sate-owned estate. But it took time for the reform to come into effect. But from 1995 on when
people have recognized its significance, the reformation took bigger steps. Another reason was
that the people were getting better off and they could afford buying their own houses.
Such changes have had great impact on individuals as well as the society. On one hand, the
individuals must save money to buy an apartment or to pay the mortgage. On the other hand, a
heaven burden has been taken off the government so that it can take more effective measures to
improve people s life.
題目：就中國公房和私房的變化寫一篇短文。你的短文應該包括：
(1) 目前的現狀
(2) 可能產生的原因
(3) 相關影響
譯文
北京房屋所有權
最近幾年，北京房屋的所有權發生了很大的變化。 1990 年，75%的房屋都是公房。到了 1995
年，這一數字就變成了 60%。自 1995 年起，所有權發生了很大的變化，到本世紀末私房數
量已經達到 80%。
可能的原因有兩個。其中一個原因是政府的政策。90 年代，中國開始了改革政策，政府呼
吁房產私有化。但改革需要時間才能顯現成果。到 1995 年人們意識到這一政策的意義，改
革的作用向前邁了一步。另一個原因是人們的生活越來越好有能力購房。
這樣的變化對國家和個人都有很大的影響。一方面，個人必須存錢或貸款買房。另一方面，
政府的壓力減輕后可以實施更好的措施來改善人們的生活。
第二節提綱作文
1. 寫作攻略
提綱式作文中，為考生提供了題目和一個簡單的寫作提綱，從而將考生的寫作控制在一定范
圍內。這類作文只要考查的內容一般包括：說明主題、分析原因或解釋做法。作文題目中會
提供：(1)標題;(2)提綱;(3)起始句。標題限定短文的基本發展方向，提綱規定短文的
基本框架，起始句則提供短文的起點。考生應緊扣題目主題，并根據提綱提示的思路和要點
展開段落。由于提供的寫作提綱一般也為三段，所以考生也可以按照三段式作文將簡單的提
綱展為主題句，再按照主題句作文的寫作方法將文章寫成。
寫提綱作文時的具體步驟：
(1)認真研究所給提綱
考生要仔細領會提綱的含義，不能遺漏提綱要點，更不能錯誤理解提綱的意思。
(2)確定各段的主題句
考生應根據所給提綱寫出各段的主題句，合格的主題句應具備以下要點：
☆ 意義完整
主題句結構要完整，即結構符合語法規則;意義要完整，即主題句是一個符合邏輯的完整句
子。
☆ 表意清晰
主題句要清晰明確，不能使用意思含混的詞語或句子。
☆ 內容具體
主題句的內容要明確具體，利于段落的展開。
☆ 用詞貼切
主題句一定要用詞準確，簡明達意，為段落的拓展打好基礎。
(3)逐步展開段落
段落寫作應圍繞自己列好的主題句進行，在寫作過程中可稍加調整。
(4)檢查與修改
檢查考題所給提綱是否完整且準確地被表達于文章之中，如有偏差，應做出相應的修改。
2. 必背模版句型
It is often said that...
我們經常這么說
It goes without saying that...
毫無疑問
It can be easily proved that...
很容易被證明。
One thing which is equally important to the above mentioned is...
與以上一點同樣重要的是
I am of the opinion that...
我支持
The chief reason why ...is that ...
之所以的主要原因是
To take...for an example ...
把作為一個例子
According to a latest study, it can be predicted...
最近的研究預測
Another special consideration in this case is that ...
關于這件事還有一點值得考慮，那就是
This may be true, but we still have a problem with regard to...
這也許對，但關于我們仍然有一個問題。
Besides, we should not neglect that...
另外，我們不應該忽視
Therefore, these findings reveal the following information...
因此，這些發現揭示了以下信息
On account of this we can find that ...
據此我們可以發現
Wonderful as A is, however, it has its own disadvantages too.
盡管 A很優秀，但它也有自身的缺陷。
Among the most convincing reasons given, one should be mentioned...
在所有可信賴的理由中，有一個值得一提
Currently thereis a widespread concern that...
目前，對于普遍關注。
There is no immediate solution to the problem of ..., but ...might be helpful.
關于解決沒有快速的辦法，但可能會有作用。
All available evidence points to the fact that...
所有的證據證明
No one can deny the fact that...
沒人能否定這個事實。
Taking into account all these factors, we may safely reach the conclusion that...
考慮到所有這些因素，我們可以做出這樣的結論
3. 必背經典范文
Directions:
Write an article on Changes on State-owned Houses and Private Houses of China. In your article
you should
thepresent situation
the possible causes
its impact
Ownership of Houses in Beijing
Ownership of houses in Beijing has significantly changed in recent years. In 1990, 75 percent of
the houses were state owned. But in 1995, the ratio of state-owned houses to private ones was
60 to 40. And the ownership changed dramatically since 1995 and by the end of the century, 80
percent of houses were private.
There might have been two main reasons. One of the reasons was the policy of the government. In
the 1990s, China carried on with its reform policy and the government called for privatization of
the sate-owned estate. But it took time for the reform to come into effect. But from 1995 on when
people have recognized its significance, the reformation took bigger steps. Another reason was
that the people were getting better off and they could afford buying their own houses.
Such changes have had great impact on individuals as well as the society. On one hand, the
individuals must save money to buy an apartment or to pay the mortgage. On the other hand, a
heaven burden has been taken off the government so that it can take more effective measures to
improve people s life.
題目：就中國公房和私房的變化寫一篇短文。你的短文應該包括：
(1) 目前的現狀
(2) 可能產生的原因
(3) 相關影響
譯文
北京房屋所有權
最近幾年，北京房屋的所有權發生了很大的變化。 1990 年，75%的房屋都是公房。到了 1995
年，這一數字就變成了 60%。自 1995 年起，所有權發生了很大的變化，到本世紀末私房數
量已經達到 80%。
可能的原因有兩個。其中一個原因是政府的政策。90 年代，中國開始了改革政策，政府呼
吁房產私有化。但改革需要時間才能顯現成果。到 1995 年人們意識到這一政策的意義，改
革的作用向前邁了一步。另一個原因是人們的生活越來越好有能力購房。
這樣的變化對國家和個人都有很大的影響。一方面，個人必須存錢或貸款買房。另一方面，
政府的壓力減輕后可以實施更好的措施來改善人們的生活。
