職稱英語《綜合類》考試語法講解：倒裝

　　倒裝：

　　英語的一般語序為：主語 + 謂語動詞 + 賓語 + 。有時為了語法上或修辭上的需要而改變這種語序，如將謂語動詞放到主語的前面，就稱為倒裝。因語法需要的倒裝稱為語法倒裝，例如英語中的疑問句多采用倒裝形式，如Are you a doctor or an engineer? 因修辭需要，如為了強調(diào)、句子結(jié)構(gòu)均衡或承上啟下等目的倒裝，稱為修辭性倒裝，例如On the top of the hill stands a pretty little house. 。

　　就應(yīng)試而言，以下倒裝現(xiàn)象應(yīng)給予特別注意：

　　1) not, not until, never, no, no sooner, seldom, hardly, scarcely, little, few 等 否定詞開頭的句子，比較：

　　例1

　　正常語序：I shall never forget the first days at college.

　　倒裝語序：Never shall I forget the first days at college.　　

　　例2

　　正常語序：I did not have any idea what market economy is until recently.

　　倒裝語序：Not until recently did I have any idea what market economy is.　　

　　以上兩個句子采用倒裝語序的主要目的是為了強調(diào)。

　　在這一節(jié)中，要特別注意以下三個倒裝句型：

　　not until ，見以上例2

　　no sooner than， 例如：

　　No sooner had she finished reading the poem than the students began to ask her questions.　　

　　hardly when ，與 no sooner than句型的意思和用法相同，就是不要把搭配搞錯了，既：

　　Hardly had she finished reading the poem when the students began to ask her questions.

　　2)介詞 + no否定詞開頭的句子， 比較：

　　正常語序：I shall not do anything against the interests of the country under any circumstances.

　　倒裝語序：Under no circumstances shall I do anything against the interests of the country.

　　3) only, so/such ，often 等詞開頭的句子，比較： 4)

　　正常語序：We can learn a foreign language well only in this way.

　　倒裝語序：Only in this way can we learn a foreign language well.　　

　　正常語序：The stain was so small that I could hardly see it.

　　倒裝語序：So small was the stain that I could hardly see it.　　

　　倒裝：

　　英語的一般語序為：主語 + 謂語動詞 + 賓語 + 。有時為了語法上或修辭上的需要而改變這種語序，如將謂語動詞放到主語的前面，就稱為倒裝。因語法需要的倒裝稱為語法倒裝，例如英語中的疑問句多采用倒裝形式，如Are you a doctor or an engineer? 因修辭需要，如為了強調(diào)、句子結(jié)構(gòu)均衡或承上啟下等目的倒裝，稱為修辭性倒裝，例如On the top of the hill stands a pretty little house. 。

　　就應(yīng)試而言，以下倒裝現(xiàn)象應(yīng)給予特別注意：

　　1) not, not until, never, no, no sooner, seldom, hardly, scarcely, little, few 等 否定詞開頭的句子，比較：

　　例1

　　正常語序：I shall never forget the first days at college.

　　倒裝語序：Never shall I forget the first days at college.　　

　　例2

　　正常語序：I did not have any idea what market economy is until recently.

　　倒裝語序：Not until recently did I have any idea what market economy is.　　

　　以上兩個句子采用倒裝語序的主要目的是為了強調(diào)。

　　在這一節(jié)中，要特別注意以下三個倒裝句型：

　　not until ，見以上例2

　　no sooner than， 例如：

　　No sooner had she finished reading the poem than the students began to ask her questions.　　

　　hardly when ，與 no sooner than句型的意思和用法相同，就是不要把搭配搞錯了，既：

　　Hardly had she finished reading the poem when the students began to ask her questions.

　　2)介詞 + no否定詞開頭的句子， 比較：

　　正常語序：I shall not do anything against the interests of the country under any circumstances.

　　倒裝語序：Under no circumstances shall I do anything against the interests of the country.

　　3) only, so/such ，often 等詞開頭的句子，比較： 4)

　　正常語序：We can learn a foreign language well only in this way.

　　倒裝語序：Only in this way can we learn a foreign language well.　　

　　正常語序：The stain was so small that I could hardly see it.

　　倒裝語序：So small was the stain that I could hardly see it.