"名分"之爭(zhēng):歐洲各國(guó)自夸民族品質(zhì),英法針?shù)h相對(duì)

由雕龍文庫(kù) 分享時(shí)間：2024-03-25 15:51:20 收藏本文

All Europeans think that their own country is the most compassionate, and nearly everyone judges the Germans to be the least compassionate, although both France and Germany gave that title to Britain.所有歐洲人都認(rèn)為自己的民族是最富有同情心的，而幾乎每一個(gè)歐洲人都評(píng)價(jià)德國(guó)人最冷漠。盡管在法國(guó)人和德國(guó)人眼中，“最冷漠”這個(gè)稱(chēng)號(hào)應(yīng)該頒給英國(guó)。But a few eyebrows will be raised by an authoritative new survey’s findings that the French agree they are the continent’s most arrogant people and that the Greeks rate themselves as the most trustworthy.但最近一項(xiàng)權(quán)威調(diào)查的結(jié)果可能會(huì)讓少數(shù)一些人大跌眼鏡——法國(guó)人承認(rèn)他們是歐洲大陸上最傲慢的民族，而希臘人評(píng)價(jià)自己為“最值得信賴(lài)”。The Washington DC-based Pew Research Centre polled more than 7,600 people in eight European countries about their attitudes towards the EU, their governments and their neighbours.位于華盛頓特區(qū)的皮尤研究中心（Pew Research Centre）對(duì)八個(gè)歐洲國(guó)家、超過(guò)7,600位民眾進(jìn)行民意檢測(cè)，就歐盟、本國(guó)政府及鄰國(guó)問(wèn)題詢(xún)問(wèn)了他們的態(tài)度。The findings throw up intriguing insights into new national stereotypes in the wake of the Eurozone crisis, which has seen Germany take a leading role in imposing unpopular austerity measures on the struggling economies of southern Europe.調(diào)查結(jié)果為研究新的國(guó)家印象提供了有趣的視角，這種新的印象是在歐元流通區(qū)產(chǎn)生危機(jī)后新出現(xiàn)的。在這場(chǎng)危機(jī)的中，面對(duì)南歐窘迫的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況，德國(guó)人一直帶頭實(shí)施著不受歡迎的貨幣緊縮政策。Everyone, including the British, agreed that the Germans were the most trustworthy people in the EU, apart from the Greeks, who awarded themselves that accolade.除了希臘人以外，包括英國(guó)人在內(nèi)的每一個(gè)歐洲人，都贊同日耳曼民族是最值得信賴(lài)的民族。在這一點(diǎn)上希臘人無(wú)疑使自己處在了一個(gè)尷尬的境地，因?yàn)樗麄冎鞍堰@個(gè)殊榮頒給了自己。

The traditional antagonism between the UK and France is reflected in the survey, with Britons judging their neighbours over the Channel to be the least trustworthy and the most arrogant. 　　The poll highlighted an internal conflict among the French, who considered themselves to be both the least arrogant and the most arrogant country in Europe.英國(guó)與法國(guó)之間長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)的敵對(duì)情緒在這次調(diào)查中也有所體現(xiàn)——英國(guó)人評(píng)價(jià)他們這位隔海相望的鄰國(guó)“最不可信賴(lài)”和“最自大”。該調(diào)查突出了法國(guó)的內(nèi)部矛盾——法國(guó)民眾評(píng)價(jià)自己既“傲慢”又“謙遜”。All Europeans think that their own country is the most compassionate, and nearly everyone judges the Germans to be the least compassionate, although both France and Germany gave that title to Britain.所有歐洲人都認(rèn)為自己的民族是最富有同情心的，而幾乎每一個(gè)歐洲人都評(píng)價(jià)德國(guó)人最冷漠。盡管在法國(guó)人和德國(guó)人眼中，“最冷漠”這個(gè)稱(chēng)號(hào)應(yīng)該頒給英國(guó)。Nigel Farage, the leader of the UK Independence Party, welcomed the findings, joking: “I am delighted that the Eurocrats have failed to crush national stereotyping, which is what makes Europe a great continent.”英國(guó)獨(dú)立黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人奈吉爾法拉奇（Nigel Farage）高興地接受了這些調(diào)查結(jié)果，并調(diào)侃道：“我很高興看到歐共體并沒(méi)有瓦解歐洲各國(guó)給人留下的刻板印象，畢竟正是這些造就了一個(gè)個(gè)偉大的民族?！盩he Pew report – which was based on surveys carried out in Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Greece, Poland and the Czech Republic – concluded that the European Union was “the new sick man of Europe”.皮尤研究中心的報(bào)告結(jié)論是根據(jù)在英國(guó)、法國(guó)、德國(guó)、意大利、西班牙、希臘、波蘭和捷克共和國(guó)的調(diào)查結(jié)果總結(jié)得出的。結(jié)論稱(chēng)：歐盟成為歐洲新病夫。The proportion of Europeans with a favourable view of the EU has plunged from 60 per cent last year to 45 per cent now.對(duì)歐盟持贊揚(yáng)態(tài)度的歐洲人占?xì)W洲總?cè)丝诘谋壤褟娜ツ甑?0%降至現(xiàn)今的45%。The UK may be considered the most Eurosceptic country, but its support for the union has barely changed in the past 12 months, slipping only two points to 43 per cent.英國(guó)可能被認(rèn)為是最反對(duì)歐洲一體化的國(guó)家，但是在過(guò)去一年里英國(guó)人民對(duì)歐盟的支持率僅僅下降了兩個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，為43%。By contrast, France’s backing for the EU has slipped dramatically, from 60 per cent last year to 41 per cent today.相反的，法國(guó)人民對(duì)歐盟的支持率有了急劇的下降——從去年的60%降至41%。On the politically charged question of whether to remain in the EU, Britons are split evenly, with 46 per cent wanting to leave the union and the same percentage wanting to stay.就在歐盟的去留這個(gè)政治問(wèn)題上，英國(guó)人的態(tài)度分布得很平均：46%的人贊成脫離歐盟，而相同人數(shù)的英國(guó)人則希望能夠留在歐盟。The Pew report’s authors said: “The prolonged economic crisis has created centrifugal forces that are pulling European public opinion apart, separating the French from the Germans and the Germans from everyone else.”皮尤調(diào)查的發(fā)起人評(píng)價(jià)道：“長(zhǎng)期的經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)正在產(chǎn)生著強(qiáng)大的離心力，這使歐盟面臨著分崩離析的危險(xiǎn)境地。法國(guó)人正與德國(guó)人產(chǎn)生隔閡，而德國(guó)人正在與整個(gè)歐洲大陸分離?！盩hey added: The effort over the past half century to create a more united Europe is now the principal casualty of the euro crisis. The European project now stands in disrepute across much of Europe.”他們還評(píng)價(jià)道：“過(guò)去半個(gè)世紀(jì)來(lái)，想要讓歐洲成為一個(gè)密不可分的聯(lián)盟的努力正是如今歐元區(qū)危機(jī)產(chǎn)生的主要原因。歐洲計(jì)劃目前在歐洲多數(shù)國(guó)家都聲名狼藉?！盩he only European leader rated highly by their own voters was the German Chancellor Angela Merkel, who received a 74 per cent approval rating.目前唯一一位受到選民高度評(píng)價(jià)的歐洲國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人是德國(guó)總理安吉拉·默克爾，她的支持率高達(dá)74%。Prime Minister David Cameron was next highest with a positive score of 37 per cent among the British public, although he can take some comfort from the fact that 58 per cent of Poles and half of all French people think he is doing a good job.另一位受本國(guó)民眾較高評(píng)價(jià)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人為英國(guó)首相卡梅倫，他在英國(guó)民眾當(dāng)中的支持率達(dá)到37%。而58%的波蘭民眾和全數(shù)的法國(guó)民眾都對(duì)他的政績(jī)頗為贊許，這點(diǎn)或許可以彌補(bǔ)他沒(méi)有獲得“最受選民好評(píng)”稱(chēng)號(hào)的失落。Despite the gloomy economic outlook and growing disillusionment with the EU, there were strong majorities of more than 60 per cent in favour of keeping the Euro in the five countries polled that use the single currency.盡管經(jīng)濟(jì)前景慘淡，歐盟的狀況也不盡人意，受訪的國(guó)家中仍有五個(gè)國(guó)家的超過(guò)60%的民眾贊成保留歐元這種單一貨幣。

The traditional antagonism between the UK and France is reflected in the survey, with Britons judging their neighbours over the Channel to be the least trustworthy and the most arrogant. 　　The poll highlighted an internal conflict among the French, who considered themselves to be both the least arrogant and the most arrogant country in Europe.英國(guó)與法國(guó)之間長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)的敵對(duì)情緒在這次調(diào)查中也有所體現(xiàn)——英國(guó)人評(píng)價(jià)他們這位隔海相望的鄰國(guó)“最不可信賴(lài)”和“最自大”。該調(diào)查突出了法國(guó)的內(nèi)部矛盾——法國(guó)民眾評(píng)價(jià)自己既“傲慢”又“謙遜”。All Europeans think that their own country is the most compassionate, and nearly everyone judges the Germans to be the least compassionate, although both France and Germany gave that title to Britain.所有歐洲人都認(rèn)為自己的民族是最富有同情心的，而幾乎每一個(gè)歐洲人都評(píng)價(jià)德國(guó)人最冷漠。盡管在法國(guó)人和德國(guó)人眼中，“最冷漠”這個(gè)稱(chēng)號(hào)應(yīng)該頒給英國(guó)。Nigel Farage, the leader of the UK Independence Party, welcomed the findings, joking: “I am delighted that the Eurocrats have failed to crush national stereotyping, which is what makes Europe a great continent.”英國(guó)獨(dú)立黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人奈吉爾法拉奇（Nigel Farage）高興地接受了這些調(diào)查結(jié)果，并調(diào)侃道：“我很高興看到歐共體并沒(méi)有瓦解歐洲各國(guó)給人留下的刻板印象，畢竟正是這些造就了一個(gè)個(gè)偉大的民族?！盩he Pew report – which was based on surveys carried out in Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Greece, Poland and the Czech Republic – concluded that the European Union was “the new sick man of Europe”.皮尤研究中心的報(bào)告結(jié)論是根據(jù)在英國(guó)、法國(guó)、德國(guó)、意大利、西班牙、希臘、波蘭和捷克共和國(guó)的調(diào)查結(jié)果總結(jié)得出的。結(jié)論稱(chēng)：歐盟成為歐洲新病夫。The proportion of Europeans with a favourable view of the EU has plunged from 60 per cent last year to 45 per cent now.對(duì)歐盟持贊揚(yáng)態(tài)度的歐洲人占?xì)W洲總?cè)丝诘谋壤褟娜ツ甑?0%降至現(xiàn)今的45%。The UK may be considered the most Eurosceptic country, but its support for the union has barely changed in the past 12 months, slipping only two points to 43 per cent.英國(guó)可能被認(rèn)為是最反對(duì)歐洲一體化的國(guó)家，但是在過(guò)去一年里英國(guó)人民對(duì)歐盟的支持率僅僅下降了兩個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，為43%。By contrast, France’s backing for the EU has slipped dramatically, from 60 per cent last year to 41 per cent today.相反的，法國(guó)人民對(duì)歐盟的支持率有了急劇的下降——從去年的60%降至41%。On the politically charged question of whether to remain in the EU, Britons are split evenly, with 46 per cent wanting to leave the union and the same percentage wanting to stay.就在歐盟的去留這個(gè)政治問(wèn)題上，英國(guó)人的態(tài)度分布得很平均：46%的人贊成脫離歐盟，而相同人數(shù)的英國(guó)人則希望能夠留在歐盟。The Pew report’s authors said: “The prolonged economic crisis has created centrifugal forces that are pulling European public opinion apart, separating the French from the Germans and the Germans from everyone else.”皮尤調(diào)查的發(fā)起人評(píng)價(jià)道：“長(zhǎng)期的經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)正在產(chǎn)生著強(qiáng)大的離心力，這使歐盟面臨著分崩離析的危險(xiǎn)境地。法國(guó)人正與德國(guó)人產(chǎn)生隔閡，而德國(guó)人正在與整個(gè)歐洲大陸分離。”They added: The effort over the past half century to create a more united Europe is now the principal casualty of the euro crisis. The European project now stands in disrepute across much of Europe.”他們還評(píng)價(jià)道：“過(guò)去半個(gè)世紀(jì)來(lái)，想要讓歐洲成為一個(gè)密不可分的聯(lián)盟的努力正是如今歐元區(qū)危機(jī)產(chǎn)生的主要原因。歐洲計(jì)劃目前在歐洲多數(shù)國(guó)家都聲名狼藉?！盩he only European leader rated highly by their own voters was the German Chancellor Angela Merkel, who received a 74 per cent approval rating.目前唯一一位受到選民高度評(píng)價(jià)的歐洲國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人是德國(guó)總理安吉拉·默克爾，她的支持率高達(dá)74%。Prime Minister David Cameron was next highest with a positive score of 37 per cent among the British public, although he can take some comfort from the fact that 58 per cent of Poles and half of all French people think he is doing a good job.另一位受本國(guó)民眾較高評(píng)價(jià)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人為英國(guó)首相卡梅倫，他在英國(guó)民眾當(dāng)中的支持率達(dá)到37%。而58%的波蘭民眾和全數(shù)的法國(guó)民眾都對(duì)他的政績(jī)頗為贊許，這點(diǎn)或許可以彌補(bǔ)他沒(méi)有獲得“最受選民好評(píng)”稱(chēng)號(hào)的失落。Despite the gloomy economic outlook and growing disillusionment with the EU, there were strong majorities of more than 60 per cent in favour of keeping the Euro in the five countries polled that use the single currency.盡管經(jīng)濟(jì)前景慘淡，歐盟的狀況也不盡人意，受訪的國(guó)家中仍有五個(gè)國(guó)家的超過(guò)60%的民眾贊成保留歐元這種單一貨幣。