2024年高考英語沖刺搶分訓(xùn)練集12
2024高考英語沖刺搶分訓(xùn)練集12
Ⅰ.詞匯短語過關(guān)
1．diet n．日常飲食 vi. 節(jié)食
be/go on a diet
put sb. on a diet用規(guī)定的食譜，控制飲食
a diet of sth. 多得令人生厭的事物
[即學(xué)即練1] (1)___________________________ is not good for you.太油膩的食物對你不利。
(2)The doctors all suggest I _______________________ .醫(yī)生們都建議我節(jié)食。
Too rich a diet
go on a diet
比較：diet 既可指習(xí)慣上常用的食品，又可指規(guī)定的食物，特指維持健康的定質(zhì)定量的食物；food是“食物”的一般用語，指任何能吃的且有營養(yǎng)的東西。
2．balance vt.&vi.&n.平衡
balanced adj. 平穩(wěn)的，安定的，和諧的
in the balance 懸而未決
the balance of forces 力量對比
out of balance 失去平衡
keep one's balance 保持平衡，保持鎮(zhèn)靜
lose one's balance 失去平衡，失去鎮(zhèn)靜
throw sb. off the balance 使某人失去平衡，使某人慌亂
balance the good and evil of things
權(quán)衡事物的好壞兩方面
[即學(xué)即練2](1)We must ______________ the good and evil of things.我們必須權(quán)衡事物的好壞兩個方面。
(2)The acrobat __________________ on the high rope.
雜技演員在高處的繩子上使自己保持平衡。
(3)It is difficult to __________________________ on an icy pavement.人行道上結(jié)了冰，要想不摔倒可不容易。
(4)How long can you _______________ on one foot?
你能單腳站立多久？
balance
,
balanced himself
,
keep one’s balance
,
balance
3．lie n．謊話；謊言 vt.&vi.說謊；躺，處于(某位置)
tell a lie/lies 說謊[反]tell the truth 說實(shí)話
a white lie 善意的謊言
a big lie 彌天大謊
lie to sb.向某人撒謊
lie in 在于；處于
lie down 躺下；屈服
lie on one's side/back/stomach 側(cè)臥/仰臥/俯臥
There lies... 某地有……
提示：易混詞形變化：
lie撒謊→lied→lied
躺→lay→lain→lying
lay 放；產(chǎn)卵→laid→laid→laying
[即學(xué)即練3](1)The boy must be a spy and was
__________________.這男孩子一定是個間諜且在說謊。
(2)You are ______ and lies cannot cover up facts.
你在說謊，但謊言掩蓋不了事實(shí)。
(3)He was ______ in the shade of the tree.
他正躺在樹蔭下。
(4)The factory ____________ the west of the town.
工廠在鎮(zhèn)的西邊。
telling a lie ,
lying ,
lying
,
lies to
(5)Don't ______ your coat on the bed.
不要把你的外衣放在床上。
(6)Birds, fishes, and insects ____________________.
鳥下蛋，魚和昆蟲產(chǎn)卵。
lay
,
lay eggs
4．consult vt.&vi. 向……咨詢；查閱
consultant n．會診醫(yī)生；顧問
consulting adj. 咨詢的；顧問的
consult sb. about sth. 向某人請教某事
consult a book (a dictionary )查書(字典)
consult with sb. 同某人商量
a consulting engineer 顧問工程師
[即學(xué)即練4](1)You'd better ______ a doctor ______ your illness.你最好找醫(yī)生咨詢一下你的病情。
(2)Before a decision has been made, you'd better __________________. 在作決定之前，最好找你父親商量一下。
(3)When you take a geography exam, you may
__________________.參加地理考試時(shí)，你可以查閱地圖。
(4)He is ________________________ his advisor.
他正同他的顧問磋商事情。
consult
,
about
,
consult your father
,
consult a map
,
consulting with
5．limit n．界限；限度 v．限制；限定
limited adj. 有限的
limitation n. 限制；限制條件，不足之處
go beyond/over the limit 超過限度
within limits 在一定范圍內(nèi)；有限度的
within the limits of 在……的范圍內(nèi)
without limit 無限(制)地
set a limit to sth. 對……規(guī)定限度
be limited to sth. 受限制于……
limit sth. to sth. 把……限定在……的范圍內(nèi)
[即學(xué)即練5](1)I've ____________________ 1 000 calories a day to try to lose weight.
我試著減肥，限定自己每天攝入1 000卡的熱量。
(2)A wise man knows his own ______________.
人貴有自知之明。
(3)As we all know, a person's life is ______， but knowledge is _________________.
＝As we all know, there is ____________________ a person's life but ____________________ knowledge.
我們都知道，人的生命是有限的，而知識卻是無限的。
limited myself to
,
limitations
,
limited
,
unlimited
,
a limit to
,
no limit to
6．benefit n．利益，實(shí)惠；優(yōu)越性
vt.&vi.得益；使……受益
benefit sb./someplace 使某人/某地受益
benefit from/by sth.
receive/gain benefit from sth.得益于某事
be of great/much benefit to sb.
＝be very beneficial to sb. 對某人有好處
for the benefit of...為了幫助……；為了……的利益
[即學(xué)即練6](1)The new hospital will ________the entire community.這所新醫(yī)院將使整個社區(qū)受益。
(2)I __________ much ______ my father's advice.
我從父親的建議中獲益頗多。
(3)Moderate exercise will be _______________________ you.適度運(yùn)動對你有很多益處。
(4)She went there _______________________________ her health.她為了健康而去了那里。
benefit
,
benefited
,
from
,
of much benefit to
,
for the benefit of
7．combine vt. & vi. (使)聯(lián)合；(使)結(jié)合
combination n. 結(jié)合；聯(lián)合；化合(物)
combine into... 聯(lián)合成……
combine...with... 把……與……結(jié)合起來
a combination of... 一種……的結(jié)合(物)
in combination with 與……聯(lián)合起來
[即學(xué)即練7](1)Some films _________ education ______ recreation.有些電影把教育與娛樂結(jié)合起來。
(2)The two small shops _________ to make a large one.
這兩個小店合并起來成為了一個大商店。
(3)Pink is ________________________ red and white.
粉紅色是紅色與白色的混合色。
combine
,
with
,
combined
,
a combination of
8．get away with 被放過；(做壞事)不受懲罰
get rid of 擺脫；除去
get about 走動；旅行；(消息等)傳開來
get across (使)被理解；(把……)講清楚
get on/along well with... 與……相處得好；進(jìn)展得好
get away from 逃脫；離開
get down (從……)下來；寫下；使沮喪
get down to doing sth. 開始認(rèn)真地做某事
get in 收獲；插話
get in touch with 與……取得聯(lián)系
get into the habit of 染上……的習(xí)慣
get into trouble 陷入困境
get out (of...) (使)出去；離開；逃脫；擺脫
get over 爬過(墻等)；克服(困難等)；從……中恢復(fù)過來
get through 辦完；花完(錢、時(shí)間等)；(使)通過；接通電話
[即學(xué)即練8](1)I won't have you _______________________ cheating in the exam.
我不能容忍你考試作弊而不受懲罰。
(2)He was so lucky to __________________________ only a fine for such a serious mistake.
他犯了如此嚴(yán)重的錯誤，僥幸只被罰款了事。
(3)How can I _________________________________ the flies in the kitchen？我怎樣才能把廚房里的蒼蠅消滅掉？
(4)He's not very good at __________ his ideas _________.
他不太善于清楚地表達(dá)自己的思想。
getting away with
,
get away with
,
get rid of
,
getting
,
across
9．in debt負(fù)債
be in heavy debt負(fù)債累累
be in debt to sb.欠某人債
pay off all the debts還清債務(wù)(動作)
be out of debt不欠債(狀態(tài))
get/run into debt陷入債務(wù)
[即學(xué)即練9](1)In my opinion, the elegant woman with long hair can’t have been _______________________.
在我看來，那位優(yōu)雅的長發(fā)女士不可能負(fù)債累累。
(2)Being __________________________ makes Tom a light mood.還清了債務(wù)使得湯姆心情輕松。
(3)The couple worked hard day and night in order to ________________________________.
為了還清所有的債務(wù)，這對夫婦夜以繼日地拼命干活。
in heavy debt
,
out of debt
,
pay off all their debts
10．cut down 砍倒，使倒下；削減，壓縮；減價(jià)
[即學(xué)即練10](1)He used to _______________ trees, but he plants trees now.他過去砍樹，而現(xiàn)在植樹。
(2)I have to __________________________.我得少抽煙。
(3)AIDS __________________________ at an early age.
艾滋病較早地奪去了他的生命。
(4)He was asking $100 for the vase, but I
____________________________________ $75.
這個花瓶要價(jià)100美元，但我砍到了75美元。
cut down
,
cut down smoking
,
cut him down
,
cut him down to
拓展：cut across走捷徑，穿過去
cut in插話；讓某人分享利潤
cut off中止，切斷；隔絕
cut out刪除；裁剪
cut up劈碎，切碎；使難過；(嚴(yán)重地)割傷
cut short突然停止，中斷(活動)
cut through穿過；克服；避開；剪斷
易 錯 點(diǎn) 撥 自我完善?誤區(qū)備考
1. strength/force/energy/power
(1)strength 指固有的潛力。說人時(shí)，指“力氣”；說物時(shí)，指“強(qiáng)度”。也可指“強(qiáng)項(xiàng)，長處”。
(2)force 主要指自然界的力量，暴力，勢力以及法律、道德或感情的力量，軍事的力量等。
(3)energy 主要指人的精力或自然界的能量。
(4)power 主要指做一件事所依靠的能力、功能；也可指人或機(jī)器等事物潛在的或所能發(fā)揮出來的力量；還可指職權(quán)、權(quán)力或政權(quán)。
[應(yīng)用1] 用 energy/power/force和 strength 填空。
(1)Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of __________.
(2)The party came to __________ at the last election.
(3)Gandi insisted on winning independence by peaceful struggles, not by ___________.
(4)Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his ___________.
energy
,
power
,
force
,
strength
2. join/combine/unite/connect
(1)join 側(cè)重把原來不相連接的事物緊密地連接在一起，但仍可再分開。也指把分散的人或幾個部分的人聯(lián)合起來，或加入到某團(tuán)體中去。短語：join up聯(lián)合起來；join...to/and...連接。
(2)combine 指兩個或兩個以上的人或物結(jié)合在一起。短語： combine with 與……結(jié)合。
(3)unite 指聯(lián)合、團(tuán)結(jié)、結(jié)合在一起，構(gòu)成一個整體。
(4)connect 指兩事物在某一點(diǎn)上相連接，但彼此又保持獨(dú)立。短語：connect...to/with 與……相連；be connected with與……有關(guān)系。
[應(yīng)用2] 用 join, combine, unite, connect的恰當(dāng)形式填空。
(1)__________， we'll stand; divided, we'll die.
(2)Efforts and confidence _________ to make a full man.
(3)This path __________ the highway up ahead.
(4)This railway ____________ London and Edinburgh.
United
,
combine
,
joins
,
connects
3. glare/glance/stare/gaze/glimpse
(1)glare側(cè)重含有敵對情緒的“怒視”。
(2)glance指快速地“一掃”“一瞥”。
(3)stare指睜大眼睛出神地看或注視，凝視，多出于驚訝、好奇、羨慕等，有時(shí)是粗魯無禮的。
(4)gaze多指由于喜愛、憧憬或快樂而長時(shí)間無意識地注視。
(5)glimpse無意識地一瞥，看到粗略印象，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。
[應(yīng)用3] (1)The policeman ____________ the thief as he drove past.
(2)They ___________ at each other for a long time, after the quarrel.
(3)It’s impolite to ___________ at foreign guests in the street.
(4)He __________ at her and left hurriedly.
(5)The girl likes lying on her back and __________ at the stars above.
glimpsed
,
glared
,
stare
,
glanced
,
gazing
自我測評?技能備考
Ⅰ.單詞拼寫
1．If you have a good d____________， you may always feel fit and healthy.
2．Sorry, this box is too heavy. I don't have the s________ to lift it.
3．Out of c_____________， I asked an impolite question, “May I know your age？”
