2024高考英語分類匯編：動詞及短語動詞
十年高考【2002-2011】英語分類匯編----動詞及短語動詞
動詞及短語動詞在高考中的重點：1.系動詞的比較；
2.動詞和短語動詞的習慣用法和意義辨析（高考的重中之重）。
【2011全國卷,34】William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to
.
A.disappear
B.fall
C.fail
D.damage
【答案】C
【考點】考查動詞的辨析。
【解析】disappear消失，不復存在；fall降落跌倒降低fail (指健康)衰退, 衰弱damage損害, 毀壞, 加害于William 發(fā)現(xiàn)閱讀越來越困難了，因為他的視力開始衰退increasingly difficult越來越困難”是個漸進的過程，故選C。
【2011全國卷II,10】Mary, I_____John of his promise to help you.
A. told
B. reminded
C. warned
D. advised
【答案】B
【考點】考查動詞的辨析。
【解析】句意為“瑪麗，我已經(jīng)提醒約翰注意他幫助你的承諾了。”remind… of…?就…提醒(某人)使(某人)想起…warn含有警告的意思。
【2011天津卷summer vacation.
A.borrowed
B.opened
C.entered
D.ordered
【答案】B
【考點】考查動詞的辨析。
【解析】句意為“暑假兼職打工掙了1000美元后，我在銀行開了帳戶。”open a bank account在銀行開帳戶。
【2011江蘇卷28】——Are you still mad at her?
——Not really, but I can’t ______ that her remarks hurt me.
A．deny
B．refuse
C．reject
D．decline不見得我不否認deny否認，否定；refuse，reject ，decline都是拒絕的意思。not deny無法否認。故選A。
【2011福建卷28】I’d prefer to
my judgement until I find all the evidence.
A.show
B. express
C.pass
D.reserve
【答案】D
【考點】考查動詞的辨析。
【解析】句意為“我寧愿保留我的判斷直到我發(fā)現(xiàn)所有的證據(jù)。”reserve預訂或保留(座位、住處等)?推遲留到以后until相一致。
【2011安徽卷As the story______, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered.
A. begins
B. happens
C. ends
D. develops
【答案】D
【考點】考查動詞的辨析。
【解析】句意為“隨著故事的展開，這個神秘數(shù)字的真相漸漸地被解開了develop開發(fā), 發(fā)展把(主題或情節(jié))逐步展現(xiàn)出來2011湖北卷26】Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they may also________ our thinking.
A. direct
B. limit
C. change
D. improve
【答案】B
【考點】考查動詞的辨析。
【解析】句意為“如果我們想要獲得成功，知識和學習很重要。但是它們或許會限制我們的思維。”direct指示, 指引導演（戲劇或電影）；指揮（管弦樂隊）limit限制；change改變；improve改進，改善。根據(jù)句中but的轉(zhuǎn)折，選B。
【2011湖北卷27】The minister said. “We are ready for discussions with any legal parties, but we’ll never_______ with criminals.”
A. negotiate
B. quarrel
C. argue
D. consult
【答案】A
【考點】考查動詞的辨析。
【解析】negotiate談判；quarrel吵架，argue辯論，爭辯consult商議,咨詢2011湖北卷28】Clinical evidence began to__________, suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals. A. operate
B. strenghten
C. approve
D. accumulate
【答案】D
【考點】考查動詞的辨析。
【解析】句意為“不斷增加的臨床證據(jù)表明：比起原先從動物實驗中所得到的預計，這些新藥具有更加廣泛有用性。”operate手術，操作；strenghten加強；approve贊成；accumulate積累，（數(shù)量）逐漸增加2011遼寧卷22】What are you doing out of bed, Tom? You're
to be asleep.
,
A. supposed
B. known
C. thought
D. considered
【答案】A
【考點】考查動詞的辨析。
【解析】句意為“Tom，你不睡覺做什么？你現(xiàn)在應該睡覺。”out of bed未上床起床be supposed to do應當，應該。
【2011遼寧卷24】You are old enough to
your own living.
A.win
B. gain
C. take
D. earn
【答案】D
【考點】考查動詞的辨析。
【解析】句意為“你長大了，可以自謀生路了。”earn one’s living 謀生，固定搭配。
【2011全國卷,26】I can
the house being untidy, but I hate it if it’s not clean.
A. come up with
B.put up with
C. turn to
D.stick to
【答案】B
【考點】考查短語動詞的辨析。
【解析】句意為“房子里東西凌亂討厭come up with想出, 提出put up with ?忍受, 容忍turn to轉(zhuǎn)向翻書到求助于(使)變成stick to堅持緊跟粘住忠于不整潔的;凌亂的2011天津卷take after 長得像性格類似于效仿穿過, 越過偶然遇見2011山東卷橋梁打開（水、電視、收音機、燈、煤氣等）(使)感興趣; (使)興奮算出，實現(xiàn)。拓寬橋梁卷30】——You look upset. What’s the matter？
I had my proposal _______ again.
A．turned over
B．turned on
C．turned off
D．turned downturn over翻身，翻轉(zhuǎn)把……移交turn on打開（水、電視、收音機、燈、煤氣等）(使)感興趣; (使)興奮turn off關掉（電器、水龍頭等）使厭煩turn down關小（音量等）拒絕2011福建卷31】Born into a family with three brothers, David was
to value the sense of sharing.
A.brought up
B.turned down
C.looked after
D.held back
【答案】A
【考點】考查短語動詞的辨析。
【解析】句意為“出身在一個三兄弟家庭，David受到了要看重與人分享的教育。”bring up教育養(yǎng)育(孩子)嘔吐(食物)turn down關小（音量等）拒絕look after照顧；hold back阻礙抑制隱瞞2011安徽卷 34】If you _____faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.
A. come across
B. care about
C. look for
D. focus upon
【答案】A
【考點】考查短語動詞的辨析。
【解析】句意為“如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)這輛自行車有毛病但還是想要，你就要求這家商店的營業(yè)員減價。”come across偶然遇到；care about關心，在乎；look for尋找；focus upon專注于。
【2011浙江卷,6】The school isn’t the one I really wanted to go to ,but I suppose I’ll just have to
__________it,
A. make the best of
B. get away from
C. keep an eye on
D. catch up with
【答案】A
【考點】考查短語動詞的辨析。
【解析】句意為“這所學校并不是我原來真正想去的，但我現(xiàn)在想盡量好好利用它了。”make the best of充分利用盡量好好去做get away from逃離keep an eye on照看,留心; 注意catch up with追上趕上12】He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of ______at a hotel for the night.
A. putting down
B. putting off
C. putting on
D. putting up
【答案】D
【考點】考查短語動詞的辨析。
【解析】句意為“他決定一路駕車回家，不在旅館留宿。”put down放下平定, 鎮(zhèn)壓記下put off推遲；put on穿上戴上上演假裝增加put up舉起建立張貼投宿2011四川卷7】To get a better grade, you should __________the notes again before the test.
A. go over
B. get over
C. turn over
D. take over
【答案】A
【考點】考查短語動詞的辨析。
【解析】句意為“為了獲得好成績，你應該在考試前好好復習這些筆記。”go over審查復習重溫從頭到尾檢查一遍get over越過完成克服(困難)從(疾病、失望、震驚等)中恢復過來turn over翻身，翻轉(zhuǎn)把……移交take over接管; 接替2011四川卷14】I often
the words I don’t know in the dictionary or on the lnternet.
A.look up
B.look at
C. look for
D.look into
【答案】A
【考點】考查短語動詞的辨析。
【解析】句意為“我經(jīng)常在字典里或網(wǎng)上查我所不懂的單詞。”look up查（單詞、電話號碼等）；look at看注視(某人或某物)look for尋找；look into深入地檢查研究調(diào)查2011陜西卷25】Some insects________the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.
A. take in
B. take off
C. take on
D. take out
【答案】C
【考點】考查短語動詞的辨析。
【解析】take in吸收，欺騙；take off拿走, 取下脫去起飛take on承擔呈現(xiàn)雇用take out把…帶出去清除, 除掉體色與其周圍環(huán)境的顏色相似2011湖北卷29】The government has taken measures to _________ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.
A. take down
B. bring down
C.
hand down
D. tear down
【答案】B
【考點】考查短語動詞的辨析。
【解析】句意為“政府已經(jīng)采取措施來降低日常生活用品的價格以保持市場的穩(wěn)定。”take down拆卸記錄記下bring down?使(某物或某人)掉下〔倒下〕?擊敗降(價)hand down把…傳遞下來遺留; 流傳tear down拆毀; 拆卸2011遼寧卷26】The exam results will be
on Friday afternoon.
A. put down
B. put off
C. put up
D. put away
【答案】C
【考點】考查短語動詞的辨析。
【解析】句意為“考試結果將在星期五下午公布。”put down放下平定, 鎮(zhèn)壓記下put off推遲；put up舉起建立張貼投宿put away放好儲存拋棄2011江西卷35】You can’t predict everything. Often things don’t ____ as you expect.
A.run out
B.break out
C.work out
D. put out.
【答案】C
【考點】考查短語動詞的辨析。run out 耗盡；break out 打破；work out 算出，實現(xiàn)；put out 撲滅。句意為“你無法預言一切。事情常常不會像你期待的那樣實現(xiàn)。”選C。
〖10全國The workers ______ the glasses and marked on each box “ This Side Up”
A. carried
B. delivered
C. pressed
D. packed
〖答案〗D
〖考點〗動詞詞義辨析
〖解析〗句意：工人們把玻璃制品包裝好并且每個盒子上標記上 “此面向上”。 選項為四個意思上毫無關聯(lián)的動詞, 此題考查動詞的詞義辨析。arry 譯為搬運, deliver譯為遞送, press譯為按, 壓, pack譯為打包。’ve just moved into a bigger house and there’s a lot to do. Let’s
it.
A. keep up with B. do away with C. get down to D. look forward to
〖答案〗C
〖考點〗動詞詞組辨析
〖解析〗A. keep up with 保持廢除, 去掉；著手處理盼望, 期待– In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well.
--I can’t agree more. It’s great to have the two
.
A. linked
B. related
C. connected
D. combined
〖答案〗D
〖考點〗動詞詞義辨析
〖解析〗A.; 聯(lián)系在一起；將人或物連接或聯(lián)系起來； 與…有某種聯(lián)系 連接, 連結； 使聯(lián)合, 使結合；In ancient times, people rarely travelled long distances and most farmers only travelled
the local market.
A. longer than
B. more than
C. as much as
D. as far as
〖答案〗D
〖考點〗本題考查介詞詞組。
〖解析〗根據(jù)動詞travel可判斷此處應填關于路程的介詞詞組, 本題即為as far as。as far as遠到...Looking up to
D. looking down upon
〖答案〗C
〖考點〗本題考查動詞短語辨析。
〖解析〗getting rid of意為 “擺脫；去除”； getting along with意為 “與……相處；進展”； Looking up to意為 “尊敬；敬仰”； looking down upon意為 “看不起；輕視”。句意為 “你無論認為自己怎樣低下, 總希望有個高尚的人來尊敬你。”
〖10安徽〗----How did you like Nick’s performance last night?
----To be honest, his singing didn’t _______to me much
A. appeal
B . belong
C
refer
D. occur
〖答案〗A
〖考點〗本題考查動詞辨析。
〖解析〗appeal to 意為 “吸引”；belong to意為 “屬于”；refer to意為 “提到；涉及”；occur to意為 “突然想到”。 句意為 “她的演唱并不怎么吸引我。”
〖10江西〗Parents _______ much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.
A attach
B pay
C link
D apply
〖答案〗A
〖考點〗考查動詞詞組,attach importance to 關注.Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just ______ sweet dreams.
A keep up with
B put up with
C end up with
D catch up with
〖答案〗C
〖考點〗考查動詞詞組keep up with 保持, put up with 忍受, end up with 以 為結束 catch up with 趕上。We give dogs time, space and love we c an spare, and _____, dogs give us their all.
A in all
B in fact
C in short
D in return
〖答案〗D
〖考點〗考查in的詞組in all 共計 in fact實際上 in short 簡而言之 in return 以作為回報。Sam _____ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.
A. brought up
B. looked up
C. picked up
D. set up
〖答案〗C
〖考點〗本題考查動詞短語意義辨析。
〖解析〗句意應為 “山姆只是憑借看別人操作電腦就學到了一些電腦知識。”表示 “學會”用pick up; pick up另外還有 “撿起; 順車接送,搭載；收拾, 整理；重新開始；獲得”等義；bring up 表示 “撫養(yǎng), 教育；提出；嘔吐”；look up 表示 “向上看；(形勢)好轉(zhuǎn), 改善；查閱”；set up表示 “建立, 設置；造成, 產(chǎn)生”。
