2024版高考英語北師大版《名師伴你行》一輪復習語法練習：專題1 名詞和冠詞 （含解析）

　　Ⅰ.單句語法填空

　　1．(2024·福建高考)It is said that body language accounts for 55 per cent of a first ________ (impress)while what you say just 7 per cent.

　　2．(2024·江西重點中學一聯)In the USA the high school graduation ceremony is of great________(important)．

　　3．(2024·河南六市一聯)Millions of chairs of this type have been bought since the

　　first one went on sale in________1930s.

　　4．(2024·東北三省四市一模)Some of these writers are doctors，and others are lawyers or ________ (educate)．

　　5．—How can I take the medicine，doctor?

　　—Just follow the________(instruct)on the bottle.

　　6．(2024·山東省實驗中學一模)The public high schools often give you a________(choose) of whether you want to wear a uniform or not.

　　7．(2024·太原學段測評)My grandma has passed away，but her actions still encourage me to help________poor.

　　8．(2024·蘭州診斷)Too much homework may not only fail to help the students，but on ________ contrary bore them so much that they may lose their interest in studying.

　　9．Smith asked you to repeat ________ phone number ________ second time so that he could set it down.

　　10．(2024·北京西城二模)—Have you seen the film before?

　　—Yes.I saw it on________Christmas Day，but I can't remember the exact year.

　　答案：1.impression　解析：考查名詞。句意：據說肢體語言占第一印象的55%，而你說的話只占7%。此處應填名詞impression。

　　2．importance　解析：考查詞性轉換。is of great importance是固定用法，相當于is very important，意為“非常重要”。故填importance。

　　3．the　解析：考查冠詞。固定搭配in the 1930s意為“在20世紀30年代”。

　　4．educators　解析：考查名詞。or是并列連詞，前面是名詞“lawyers”，所以空處應用指人的名詞的復數形式。故填educators。

　　5．instructions　解析：考查名詞。句意：——醫生，我該如何服用這個藥？——就按照瓶子上的說明(服藥)。定冠詞the后接名詞，instruct為動詞，對應的名詞形式為instruction。instruction作“用法說明”講時，一般用復數。

　　6．choice　解析：考查詞性轉換。冠詞后面常常接名詞，且此處指公立高中常常會給你一個選擇。故填choose的名詞形式choice。

　　7．the　解析：考查冠詞。句意：我的奶奶去世了，但是她的行為仍然鼓勵我去幫助窮人。“the＋形容詞”表示一類人。

　　8．the　解析：考查固定短語。on the contrary是固定短語，意為“相反，反而”。故填the。

　　9．the；a　解析：考查冠詞。第一空特指雙方都知道的東西，要用定冠詞the；第二空表示“再一次”，要用a second time。

　　10．a　解析：考查冠詞。句意：——你以前看過這部電影嗎？——是的。我是在一個圣誕節看的，但是我不記得確切的年份了。根據句意可知，此處泛指某個圣誕節，沒有具體指出是哪一年的，用不定冠詞a。

　　Ⅱ.單句改錯

　　1．(2024·全國卷Ⅰ短文改錯)Now I am living in a city，but I miss my home in countryside.________

　　2．(2024·浙江高考短文改錯)My old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were made of glass.________

　　3．(2024·全國卷Ⅱ短文改錯)One day，little Tony went to shopping center with his parents.________

　　4．(2024·遼寧高考短文改錯)We've called several time about Cleo's early morning barking.________

　　5．(2024·遼寧高考短文改錯)Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day.________

　　答案：1.countryside前加the　2.side→sides　3.shopping前加a　4.time→times　5.bark后的a改為an

　　Ⅲ.語法填空

　　Cold weather can be hard on pets，just like 1.________ can be hard on people.Sometimes owners forget that their cats are just as used to the warm shelter as they are.Some owners will leave their animals outside for 2.________ long period of time,3.________ (think)that all animals are used to living outdoors.This can put their pets in danger of serious illness.4.________ are things you can do to keep your animals warm and safe.

　　Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad.If you have to take them out，stay outside with them.When you're cold enough to go inside，they 5.________(probable)are too.If you must leave them outside，make sure they have a warm，solid shelter 6.________ the wind，thick bedding，and plenty of non－frozen water.

　　If they 7.________ (leave)alone outside，dogs and cats can be very smart in search of warm shelter.They can dig into snow banks 8.________ hide somewhere.Watch them closely when they stay outdoors，and provide them with shelter of good quality. Keep an eye on your pets' water.Sometimes 9.________ (own)don't realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pets can't get anything to drink.Animals that don't have clean and unfrozen water may drink dirty water outside,10.________ may contain something unhealthy for them.

　　答案：解題導語：本文講述了寒冷對動物的影響。動物和人類一樣都怕冷，所以不要總是把它們留在外面。

　　1．it　解析：考查代詞。這里用it指代前面提到的Cold weather。

　　2．a　解析：考查冠詞。a long period of time “很長一段時間”。

　　3．thinking　解析：考查非謂語動詞。這里是動詞－ing形式作伴隨狀語。

　　4．There　解析：考查There be句型。根據句意并分析句子結構可知，此處是There be句型，故填There。

　　5．probably　解析：考查副詞。當你冷得要去室內的時候，它們很可能也是這樣。修飾謂語，應用副詞形式。

　　6．against/from　解析：考查介詞。shelter against/from the wind“避風的藏身處”。

　　7．are left　解析：考查動詞的時態和語態。根據句意可知，they與leave之間為動賓關系，由上下文的時態可知，此處應用一般現在時的被動語態，即填are left。

　　8．or　解析：考查連詞。根據句意可知這里表示選擇關系。貓和狗可以鉆進雪堆或藏在某處。故填or。

　　9．owners　解析：考查名詞。分析句子結構可知，句子缺少主語，且由空后的don't可知，應填owners。

　　10．which　解析：考查定語從句。先行詞為dirty water，且此處為非限制性定語從句，故填which。

　　Ⅰ.單句語法填空

　　1．(2024·福建高考)It is said that body language accounts for 55 per cent of a first ________ (impress)while what you say just 7 per cent.

　　2．(2024·江西重點中學一聯)In the USA the high school graduation ceremony is of great________(important)．

　　3．(2024·河南六市一聯)Millions of chairs of this type have been bought since the

　　first one went on sale in________1930s.

　　4．(2024·東北三省四市一模)Some of these writers are doctors，and others are lawyers or ________ (educate)．

　　5．—How can I take the medicine，doctor?

　　—Just follow the________(instruct)on the bottle.

　　6．(2024·山東省實驗中學一模)The public high schools often give you a________(choose) of whether you want to wear a uniform or not.

　　7．(2024·太原學段測評)My grandma has passed away，but her actions still encourage me to help________poor.

　　8．(2024·蘭州診斷)Too much homework may not only fail to help the students，but on ________ contrary bore them so much that they may lose their interest in studying.

　　9．Smith asked you to repeat ________ phone number ________ second time so that he could set it down.

　　10．(2024·北京西城二模)—Have you seen the film before?

　　—Yes.I saw it on________Christmas Day，but I can't remember the exact year.

　　答案：1.impression　解析：考查名詞。句意：據說肢體語言占第一印象的55%，而你說的話只占7%。此處應填名詞impression。

　　2．importance　解析：考查詞性轉換。is of great importance是固定用法，相當于is very important，意為“非常重要”。故填importance。

　　3．the　解析：考查冠詞。固定搭配in the 1930s意為“在20世紀30年代”。

　　4．educators　解析：考查名詞。or是并列連詞，前面是名詞“lawyers”，所以空處應用指人的名詞的復數形式。故填educators。

　　5．instructions　解析：考查名詞。句意：——醫生，我該如何服用這個藥？——就按照瓶子上的說明(服藥)。定冠詞the后接名詞，instruct為動詞，對應的名詞形式為instruction。instruction作“用法說明”講時，一般用復數。

　　6．choice　解析：考查詞性轉換。冠詞后面常常接名詞，且此處指公立高中常常會給你一個選擇。故填choose的名詞形式choice。

　　7．the　解析：考查冠詞。句意：我的奶奶去世了，但是她的行為仍然鼓勵我去幫助窮人。“the＋形容詞”表示一類人。

　　8．the　解析：考查固定短語。on the contrary是固定短語，意為“相反，反而”。故填the。

　　9．the；a　解析：考查冠詞。第一空特指雙方都知道的東西，要用定冠詞the；第二空表示“再一次”，要用a second time。

　　10．a　解析：考查冠詞。句意：——你以前看過這部電影嗎？——是的。我是在一個圣誕節看的，但是我不記得確切的年份了。根據句意可知，此處泛指某個圣誕節，沒有具體指出是哪一年的，用不定冠詞a。

　　Ⅱ.單句改錯

　　1．(2024·全國卷Ⅰ短文改錯)Now I am living in a city，but I miss my home in countryside.________

　　2．(2024·浙江高考短文改錯)My old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were made of glass.________

　　3．(2024·全國卷Ⅱ短文改錯)One day，little Tony went to shopping center with his parents.________

　　4．(2024·遼寧高考短文改錯)We've called several time about Cleo's early morning barking.________

　　5．(2024·遼寧高考短文改錯)Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day.________

　　答案：1.countryside前加the　2.side→sides　3.shopping前加a　4.time→times　5.bark后的a改為an

　　Ⅲ.語法填空

　　Cold weather can be hard on pets，just like 1.________ can be hard on people.Sometimes owners forget that their cats are just as used to the warm shelter as they are.Some owners will leave their animals outside for 2.________ long period of time,3.________ (think)that all animals are used to living outdoors.This can put their pets in danger of serious illness.4.________ are things you can do to keep your animals warm and safe.

　　Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad.If you have to take them out，stay outside with them.When you're cold enough to go inside，they 5.________(probable)are too.If you must leave them outside，make sure they have a warm，solid shelter 6.________ the wind，thick bedding，and plenty of non－frozen water.

　　If they 7.________ (leave)alone outside，dogs and cats can be very smart in search of warm shelter.They can dig into snow banks 8.________ hide somewhere.Watch them closely when they stay outdoors，and provide them with shelter of good quality. Keep an eye on your pets' water.Sometimes 9.________ (own)don't realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pets can't get anything to drink.Animals that don't have clean and unfrozen water may drink dirty water outside,10.________ may contain something unhealthy for them.

　　答案：解題導語：本文講述了寒冷對動物的影響。動物和人類一樣都怕冷，所以不要總是把它們留在外面。

　　1．it　解析：考查代詞。這里用it指代前面提到的Cold weather。

　　2．a　解析：考查冠詞。a long period of time “很長一段時間”。

　　3．thinking　解析：考查非謂語動詞。這里是動詞－ing形式作伴隨狀語。

　　4．There　解析：考查There be句型。根據句意并分析句子結構可知，此處是There be句型，故填There。

　　5．probably　解析：考查副詞。當你冷得要去室內的時候，它們很可能也是這樣。修飾謂語，應用副詞形式。

　　6．against/from　解析：考查介詞。shelter against/from the wind“避風的藏身處”。

　　7．are left　解析：考查動詞的時態和語態。根據句意可知，they與leave之間為動賓關系，由上下文的時態可知，此處應用一般現在時的被動語態，即填are left。

　　8．or　解析：考查連詞。根據句意可知這里表示選擇關系。貓和狗可以鉆進雪堆或藏在某處。故填or。

　　9．owners　解析：考查名詞。分析句子結構可知，句子缺少主語，且由空后的don't可知，應填owners。

　　10．which　解析：考查定語從句。先行詞為dirty water，且此處為非限制性定語從句，故填which。