2024屆安徽省高考英語(yǔ)二輪高效課時(shí)檢測(cè)：17 詞義猜測(cè)

　　　詞義猜測(cè)

　　A

　　(2024·安徽蚌埠第三次質(zhì)檢)

　　No one gets through life without experiencing many disappointments.Strangely,though,most people seem unprepared for disappointment and react to it in negative ways.They feel depressed or try to escape from their troubles instead of using disappointment as an opportunity for growth.

　　One negative reaction to disappointment is depression.A woman trying to win a promotion,for example,works hard for over a year in her department.Helen is so sure she will get the promotion.However,the boss names one of Helen’s co-workers for the spot.Deeply depressed,Helen loses her enthusiasm for her job and can barely force herself to show up every day.Helen tells herself that she is a failure and that doing a good job just isn’t worth the work.

　　Another negative reaction to disappointment is the desire to escape.Kevin fails to get into the college his brother is attending,the college that was the focus of all his dreams,and decides to escape his disappointment.Why worry about college at all?Instead,he covers up his real feelings by giving up on his school-work and getting completely involved with friends,parties,and “good times”.

　　The positive way to react to disappointment is to use it as a chance for growth.This isn’t easy,but it’s the only useful way to deal with an inevitable part of life.Helen,the woman who was not promoted,could have handled her disappointment by looking at other options.If her boss did not recognize her talent and hard work,perhaps she could transfer to another department.Or she could ask the boss how to improve her performance so that she could prepare for the next promotion.Kevin,the boy who didn’t get into the college of his choice,should look into other schools.Going to another college may encourage him to be his own person,step out of his brother’s shadow,and realize that being turned down by one college isn’t a final judgment on his abilities or potential.

　　Disappointments are unwelcome,but regular visitors to everyone’s life.We can feel depressed about them or we can try to escape from them.The best thing,though,is to accept a disappointment and then try to use it somehow:Step over the unwelcome visitor on the doorstep and get on with life.

　　1.In this passage,the author 　.?

　　A.analyzes the cause of disappointment

　　B.describes his personal experience in dealing with disappointment

　　C.criticizes Helen and Kevin’s negative responses to disappointment

　　D.offers specific examples of the ways people deal with disappointment

　　2.From the context,the word “options” (Para.4) means 　.?

　　A.ways　B.choices

　　C.places D.jobs

　　3.In the author’s opinion,Helen should 　 instead of feeling depressed.?

　　A.work even harder to get better than her promoted co-worker

　　B.stand the pressure and competition

　　C.win a good opinion from the boss by seeking his advice

　　D.move into another department to have her talent and hard work appreciated

　　4.Which of the following best expresses the main idea of this selection?

　　A.Disappointment is an inevitable (不可避免的) part of life and we have to handle it in a positive way.

　　B.Life is made up of a series of disappointments.We have to accept them.

　　C.There are two kinds of reactions to disappointment.

　　D.Most people react to disappointment in negative ways.

　　B

　　(2024·石家莊質(zhì)檢二)

　　Sir John,a British scientist who won last year’s Nobel Prize for Medicine,said he had predicted at the time of his frog experiments that the successful cloning of a mammal would happen within 50 years,and that “maybe the same answer is appropriate” for the step to human cloning.Parents who lose children in accidents may be able to clone “copies” to replace them then.

　　Although any attempt to clone an entire human would raise complex moral issues,the biologist claimed people would soon overcome their concerns if the technique became medically useful.Cloning was regarded with extreme doubts when it was first developed but became widely accepted after the birth of Louise Brown,the first “test tube baby”.He said,“When my first frog experiment was done,an American reporter asked how long it will be before these things can be done in mammals or humans.I said,‘Well,it could be anywhere between 10 years and 100 years—how about 50 years?’It turned out that it wasn’t far off the mark as far as Dolly was concerned.Maybe the same answer is appropriate.”Sir John added that cloning a human being effectively means making an identical twin,and doctors would therefore simply be “copying what nature has already produced”.

　　The average vote on allowing parents of deceased children,who are no longer fertile(能生育的),to create another using the mother’s eggs and skin cells from the first child,thinking the technique was safe and effective,is 60 percent in favor.The reasons for “no” are usually that the new child would feel they were some sort of a replacement for something.

　　1.Sir John predicted the human cloning would be a reality in 　 at most.?

　　A.100 years　B.60 years

　　C.50 years D.10 years

　　2.According to the text,which statement is NOT true?

　　A.Louise Brown is the first “test tube baby”.

　　B.Human cloning is still a controversial topic.

　　C.Sir John is positive about the future of human cloning.

　　D.Human cloning is creating something that didn’t exist before.

　　3.The underlined word “identical” probably means “　”.?

　　A.same B.special

　　C.new D.clear

　　4.What does the text mainly talk about?

　　A. The life of Sir John.

　　B.Prediction on human cloning.

　　C.Views on human cloning.

　　D.Achievements in human cloning.

　　##

　　A

　　1.D　寫(xiě)作方法題。該篇文章以多個(gè)事件說(shuō)明了人們應(yīng)對(duì)失望時(shí)的做法,并給出了建議,故D項(xiàng)正確。

　　2.B　詞義猜測(cè)題。該詞所在句子的后面部分說(shuō)明了沒(méi)有被提拔的Helen可以有其他的幾個(gè)假設(shè)的選擇,故此處options相當(dāng)于choices,表示“選擇”,故B項(xiàng)正確。

　　3.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“If her boss did not recognize her talent and hard work,perhaps she could transfer to another department.”一句可知作者的建議,故D項(xiàng)正確。

　　4.A　主旨大意題。作者主要講述了在面對(duì)失望時(shí)我們可以有不同的選擇,我們應(yīng)積極面對(duì),而不應(yīng)消極應(yīng)對(duì),故A項(xiàng)正確。

　　B

　　【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)得主——英國(guó)科學(xué)家約翰稱(chēng),那些在事故中失去子女的父母將能在未來(lái)50年內(nèi)借助克隆技術(shù),讓他們的子女“重生”。

　　1.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段可知,約翰表示,未來(lái)50年內(nèi),克隆技術(shù)將可以成功應(yīng)用于人類(lèi)。故選C項(xiàng)。

　　2.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第二段中的“after the birth of Louise Brown,the first ‘test tube baby’”排除A項(xiàng);文章最后一段說(shuō)明克隆人類(lèi)贊成者占6成,依舊存在爭(zhēng)議,故排除B項(xiàng);第二段Sir John的話表明,他對(duì)克隆人類(lèi)充滿了希望,故排除C項(xiàng);第二段的最后一句說(shuō)明克隆技術(shù)只能克隆已經(jīng)存在的人。故選D項(xiàng)。

　　3.A　詞義猜測(cè)題。依據(jù)第二段中的“doctors would therefore simply be ‘copying what nature has already produced’”可知,醫(yī)生只是復(fù)制已經(jīng)存在的人,故選A項(xiàng)。

　　4.B　主旨大意題。作者在文中講述了去年獲得諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的英國(guó)科學(xué)家對(duì)克隆人類(lèi)的前景的預(yù)測(cè)。故選B項(xiàng)。

　　　詞義猜測(cè)

　　A

　　(2024·安徽蚌埠第三次質(zhì)檢)

　　No one gets through life without experiencing many disappointments.Strangely,though,most people seem unprepared for disappointment and react to it in negative ways.They feel depressed or try to escape from their troubles instead of using disappointment as an opportunity for growth.

　　One negative reaction to disappointment is depression.A woman trying to win a promotion,for example,works hard for over a year in her department.Helen is so sure she will get the promotion.However,the boss names one of Helen’s co-workers for the spot.Deeply depressed,Helen loses her enthusiasm for her job and can barely force herself to show up every day.Helen tells herself that she is a failure and that doing a good job just isn’t worth the work.

　　Another negative reaction to disappointment is the desire to escape.Kevin fails to get into the college his brother is attending,the college that was the focus of all his dreams,and decides to escape his disappointment.Why worry about college at all?Instead,he covers up his real feelings by giving up on his school-work and getting completely involved with friends,parties,and “good times”.

　　The positive way to react to disappointment is to use it as a chance for growth.This isn’t easy,but it’s the only useful way to deal with an inevitable part of life.Helen,the woman who was not promoted,could have handled her disappointment by looking at other options.If her boss did not recognize her talent and hard work,perhaps she could transfer to another department.Or she could ask the boss how to improve her performance so that she could prepare for the next promotion.Kevin,the boy who didn’t get into the college of his choice,should look into other schools.Going to another college may encourage him to be his own person,step out of his brother’s shadow,and realize that being turned down by one college isn’t a final judgment on his abilities or potential.

　　Disappointments are unwelcome,but regular visitors to everyone’s life.We can feel depressed about them or we can try to escape from them.The best thing,though,is to accept a disappointment and then try to use it somehow:Step over the unwelcome visitor on the doorstep and get on with life.

　　1.In this passage,the author 　.?

　　A.analyzes the cause of disappointment

　　B.describes his personal experience in dealing with disappointment

　　C.criticizes Helen and Kevin’s negative responses to disappointment

　　D.offers specific examples of the ways people deal with disappointment

　　2.From the context,the word “options” (Para.4) means 　.?

　　A.ways　B.choices

　　C.places D.jobs

　　3.In the author’s opinion,Helen should 　 instead of feeling depressed.?

　　A.work even harder to get better than her promoted co-worker

　　B.stand the pressure and competition

　　C.win a good opinion from the boss by seeking his advice

　　D.move into another department to have her talent and hard work appreciated

　　4.Which of the following best expresses the main idea of this selection?

　　A.Disappointment is an inevitable (不可避免的) part of life and we have to handle it in a positive way.

　　B.Life is made up of a series of disappointments.We have to accept them.

　　C.There are two kinds of reactions to disappointment.

　　D.Most people react to disappointment in negative ways.

　　B

　　(2024·石家莊質(zhì)檢二)

　　Sir John,a British scientist who won last year’s Nobel Prize for Medicine,said he had predicted at the time of his frog experiments that the successful cloning of a mammal would happen within 50 years,and that “maybe the same answer is appropriate” for the step to human cloning.Parents who lose children in accidents may be able to clone “copies” to replace them then.

　　Although any attempt to clone an entire human would raise complex moral issues,the biologist claimed people would soon overcome their concerns if the technique became medically useful.Cloning was regarded with extreme doubts when it was first developed but became widely accepted after the birth of Louise Brown,the first “test tube baby”.He said,“When my first frog experiment was done,an American reporter asked how long it will be before these things can be done in mammals or humans.I said,‘Well,it could be anywhere between 10 years and 100 years—how about 50 years?’It turned out that it wasn’t far off the mark as far as Dolly was concerned.Maybe the same answer is appropriate.”Sir John added that cloning a human being effectively means making an identical twin,and doctors would therefore simply be “copying what nature has already produced”.

　　The average vote on allowing parents of deceased children,who are no longer fertile(能生育的),to create another using the mother’s eggs and skin cells from the first child,thinking the technique was safe and effective,is 60 percent in favor.The reasons for “no” are usually that the new child would feel they were some sort of a replacement for something.

　　1.Sir John predicted the human cloning would be a reality in 　 at most.?

　　A.100 years　B.60 years

　　C.50 years D.10 years

　　2.According to the text,which statement is NOT true?

　　A.Louise Brown is the first “test tube baby”.

　　B.Human cloning is still a controversial topic.

　　C.Sir John is positive about the future of human cloning.

　　D.Human cloning is creating something that didn’t exist before.

　　3.The underlined word “identical” probably means “　”.?

　　A.same B.special

　　C.new D.clear

　　4.What does the text mainly talk about?

　　A. The life of Sir John.

　　B.Prediction on human cloning.

　　C.Views on human cloning.

　　D.Achievements in human cloning.

　　##

　　A

　　1.D　寫(xiě)作方法題。該篇文章以多個(gè)事件說(shuō)明了人們應(yīng)對(duì)失望時(shí)的做法,并給出了建議,故D項(xiàng)正確。

　　2.B　詞義猜測(cè)題。該詞所在句子的后面部分說(shuō)明了沒(méi)有被提拔的Helen可以有其他的幾個(gè)假設(shè)的選擇,故此處options相當(dāng)于choices,表示“選擇”,故B項(xiàng)正確。

　　3.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“If her boss did not recognize her talent and hard work,perhaps she could transfer to another department.”一句可知作者的建議,故D項(xiàng)正確。

　　4.A　主旨大意題。作者主要講述了在面對(duì)失望時(shí)我們可以有不同的選擇,我們應(yīng)積極面對(duì),而不應(yīng)消極應(yīng)對(duì),故A項(xiàng)正確。

　　B

　　【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)得主——英國(guó)科學(xué)家約翰稱(chēng),那些在事故中失去子女的父母將能在未來(lái)50年內(nèi)借助克隆技術(shù),讓他們的子女“重生”。

　　1.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段可知,約翰表示,未來(lái)50年內(nèi),克隆技術(shù)將可以成功應(yīng)用于人類(lèi)。故選C項(xiàng)。

　　2.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第二段中的“after the birth of Louise Brown,the first ‘test tube baby’”排除A項(xiàng);文章最后一段說(shuō)明克隆人類(lèi)贊成者占6成,依舊存在爭(zhēng)議,故排除B項(xiàng);第二段Sir John的話表明,他對(duì)克隆人類(lèi)充滿了希望,故排除C項(xiàng);第二段的最后一句說(shuō)明克隆技術(shù)只能克隆已經(jīng)存在的人。故選D項(xiàng)。

　　3.A　詞義猜測(cè)題。依據(jù)第二段中的“doctors would therefore simply be ‘copying what nature has already produced’”可知,醫(yī)生只是復(fù)制已經(jīng)存在的人,故選A項(xiàng)。

　　4.B　主旨大意題。作者在文中講述了去年獲得諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的英國(guó)科學(xué)家對(duì)克隆人類(lèi)的前景的預(yù)測(cè)。故選B項(xiàng)。