2024屆高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí) Module5 講義精品薈萃（外研版選修7）
2024屆高考英語一輪單元總復(fù)習(xí)講義精品薈萃外研版選修七M(jìn)odule 5
知識詳解
① run v． 控制，管理；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；褪色；跑，奔跑；行駛；延伸
(回歸課本P58)For example，it is the women who run Naxi society，and until recently，Naxi women inherited all property.
例如，管理納西族社會的是婦女，而且近來還是由納西族的婦女來繼承全部財產(chǎn)。
【歸納總結(jié)】
【例句探源】
①Don’t touch the engine while it’s running.
發(fā)動機(jī)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的時候不要去碰它。
②The color ran when I washed your red shirt.
你的紅襯衫在我洗的時候掉色了。
③(牛津P1749)He has no idea how to run a business.
他絲毫不懂企業(yè)管理。
④I just happened to run into him at the bank.
我碰巧在銀行里遇見了他。
⑤He was run over and had to be taken to the hospital.
他被車碾傷，必須送往醫(yī)院。
⑥Poverty and floods forced the villagers to run away from home.
貧困與洪水迫使村民們離開家園。
【即境活用】
1.Having walked in the desert for several days,
they felt exhausted，but they had to find a pool before the water they had in the bottle _______.
A．put outB．kept out
C．ran out
D．used up
解析：選C。句意：在沙漠里已走了好幾天了，他們感到精疲力竭了，但是他們不得不在瓶里的水喝完前找到一個水池。run out用完，用光,耗盡。A項(xiàng)，撲滅，伸出；B項(xiàng)，擋住，使進(jìn)不去；D項(xiàng)，use up sth.用光某物。
2．(湖北天門中學(xué)模擬)After the long march through the wild forest，they found themselves ________ as well as their clothes.
A．given out
B．worn out
C．run out
D．turned out
解析：選B。本題考查短語動詞。give out不及物動詞，“筋疲力盡”；worn out“累垮”，是wear sb.out的被動形式；run out不及物動詞短語，“用完”；turn out“結(jié)果是”。
②adjust v． 適應(yīng)，使適應(yīng)；調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)
(回歸課本P67)My eyes had to adjust to the darkness inside.
我的眼睛不得不去適應(yīng)里面的黑暗。
【歸納總結(jié)】
【例句探源】
①Business companies have to constantly adjust their strategies so as to survive.
商業(yè)公司必須經(jīng)常調(diào)整它們的策略以尋求生存。
②(牛津P24)It took her a while to adjust to living alone.
她過了一段時間才適應(yīng)了獨(dú)自生活。
③(牛津P24)You’ll quickly adjust yourself to student life.
你將很快適應(yīng)學(xué)生生活。
④You can adjust this desk to the height of any child.
這桌子可以根據(jù)小孩的高度任意調(diào)整。
⑤The Chinese government made adjustments to food supplies according to the situation at present.
中國政府根據(jù)目前境況對糧食供應(yīng)作了調(diào)整。
【易混辨析】
adapt，adjust
(1)adapt指“修改或改變以適應(yīng)新的條件”。
(2)adjust指“調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)使之適應(yīng)”。
①Seat belts adjust to fit short or tall drivers.
②Most of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people.
【即境活用】
3．As a teacher you should ______ your method to ________ the needs of slower students.
A．a(chǎn)pply；enableB．a(chǎn)djust；meet
C．increase；change
D．weigh；shape
解析：選B。句意：作為一名老師，你應(yīng)當(dāng)調(diào)
整自己的教學(xué)方法以滿足理解較慢的學(xué)生的需求。第一空要用adjust表示“調(diào)節(jié)，調(diào)整”。apply“申請；應(yīng)用”；increase“增加”；weigh“稱量”。第二空用meet表示“滿足”。
4.You can’t see through a telescope unless it is correctly ________ to your sight.
A．a(chǎn)dapted
B．a(chǎn)dmitted
C．a(chǎn)dopted
D．a(chǎn)djusted
解析：選D。句意：除非把望遠(yuǎn)鏡調(diào)節(jié)得完全適合你的視線，否則你看不見。根據(jù)上下文和一般常識可知，用telescope看必須先調(diào)整好距離，才能看得清，因此后半句話一定是調(diào)節(jié)以適合視線，故D是正確答案。
③furnish vt. 為(房屋或房間)配備家具；供應(yīng)；裝備
(回歸課本P67)The tent was furnished with a few mats on the floor，and a low table with a teapot.
這帳篷里的擺設(shè)就是地板上的幾塊墊子與一張矮桌子，桌子上面有個茶壺。
【歸納總結(jié)】
【例句探源】
①Having bought the house，they couldn’t afford
to furnish it.
買了這所房子以后，他們買不起家具來布置它了。
②The house was furnished with some old tables，
a blackboard，and an old stove.
房子里有幾張舊桌子，一塊黑板和一個舊爐子。
③In the west，one can rent furnished rooms.
在西方，人們可以租用帶家具的房間。
④(牛津P830)She furnished him with the facts surrounding the case.
她向他提供了與案件有關(guān)的事實(shí)。
⑤Mr.and Mrs.Shaw have bought some modern furniture for their living room.
肖夫婦買了些新式家具布置起居室。
【即境活用】
5．完成句子
They were kind enough to ________________ the refugees.
他們非常好心為難民提供食宿。
答案：furnish food and shelter for
6．He doesn’t have ________ furniture in his room—just an old desk.
A．a(chǎn)ny B．many
C．some
D．much
解析：選D。furniture是一個不可數(shù)名詞，所以many不正確。否定句中要用any而不是some，所以some不正確。not...any意思為“一點(diǎn)也沒有”，與后面的“just an old desk”不符，所以答案為D項(xiàng)。
④custom n． 風(fēng)俗，習(xí)慣，傳統(tǒng)
(回歸課本P58)They have the custom of playing cards on card tables in the middle of the street.
她們有在街中心圍著牌桌打撲克的習(xí)慣。
【歸納總結(jié)】
【例句探源】
①For example，in the United States，it is the custom to have salad(色拉)before the main course at dinner，not after.
舉例說明，在美國，在主飯之前吃色拉，而不是在其后，這是傳統(tǒng)。
②(牛津P492)It is the custom in that country for women to marry young.女子早婚是那個國家的風(fēng)俗。
③(朗文P495)The guide offers us information on local customs.
向?qū)Ыo我們提供了有關(guān)當(dāng)?shù)仫L(fēng)俗的資料。
【易混辨析】
custom，habit，hobby，tradition
(1)custom指一個國家、一個民族、一個地區(qū)或一個社會的習(xí)慣、行為方式或風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。
(2)habit側(cè)重于自然養(yǎng)成的、不易去掉的個人習(xí)慣。
(3)hobby指業(yè)余愛好，如集郵、下棋、彈奏樂器等。
(4)tradition廣義指世代相傳的倫理、行為規(guī)范和生活方式，特指因長久奉行而幾乎具有法律效力的習(xí)慣、習(xí)俗，側(cè)重歷史意義。
①In China the custom of eating dumplings on New Year’s Eve prevails.
②By tradition，people play practical jokes on April First.
③He works in a bank，but his hobby is building model boats.
④He has a habit of closing eyes when he tells a story.
【即境活用】
7．They hand down the ________ from generation to generation to keep their way of life alive.
A．interest B．habit
C．custom
D．a(chǎn)ction
解析：選C。句意：他們一代一代傳承著使他們生活具有生氣的傳統(tǒng)。custom“傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗、習(xí)俗”，符合語境。
⑤set off 出發(fā)；動身；使爆炸；開動
(回歸課本P67)George and I looked at each other,
then set off after her.
喬治和我對視了一眼，接著跟在她后面走了。
【歸納總結(jié)】
【例句探源】
①Hong Kong’s stock market fell，setting off
a global financial crisis.
香港股市下跌，引起了全球金融危機(jī)。
②(牛津P1823)Opening the door will set off the alarm.
一開這道門，警鈴就會響。
③They set out on the last stage of their journey. 他們動身踏上最后一段行程。
④We need to set about finding a solution.
我們得著手尋找一個解決辦法。
⑤She tries to set aside some money every month.
她每個月都盡量存點(diǎn)錢。
⑥(牛津P1824)After leaving college，he set himself up as a freelance photographer.
大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，他干起了特約攝影師。
【即境活用】
8．—What’s wrong with Jenny?
—A call from her mother ________ an attack of homesickness.
A．sent outB．set out
C．set off
D．sent off
解析：選C。句意是：——詹尼怎么了？——她媽媽打來了電話，引起了她的思鄉(xiāng)病。本題用set off表示“引起”。send out發(fā)送，派遣，放出；set out出發(fā)，陳述，擺列；send off寄出，派遣，解雇，給……送行。
9.The villagers ________ fireworks to celebrate the successful completion of the reservoir.
A．set out
B．set about
C．set in
D．set off
解析：選D。句意：村民們放鞭炮來慶祝水庫的勝利建成。set off在該題中意為“點(diǎn)燃，使爆炸”。set out“出發(fā)，陳列”；set about doing“開始著手做”；set in“把……裝入”。
⑥in use 被使用，在使用中
(回歸課本P59)The Naxi language is the only hieroglyphic language still in use and is over 1,000 years old.
納西語是唯一仍在使用的象形文字，已有一千多年的歷史了。
【歸納總結(jié)】
【例句探源】
①Seriously damaged，the bridge is no longer in use.
因受到嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞，這座橋不再使用了。
②He made full use of the opportunity and succeeded at last.
他充分利用了那次機(jī)會，并且成功了。
③It is the dictionary most in use among Chinese students of English.
這是學(xué)英語的中國學(xué)生最常使用的一本詞典。
④(朗文P2267)I’d like a job where I could put my
degree in languages to good use.
我想找一份能充分發(fā)揮我語言特長的工作。
⑤(朗文P2267)It’s no use complaining—you just
need to take test again later.
抱怨也沒有用——你只要以后再考一次就是了。
【即境活用】
10．完成句子
It’s a shame that teachers don’t ___________.
教師們不使用新計(jì)算機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)室很遺憾。
答案：make use of the new computer lab
句型梳理
①【教材原句】 The old town is on the side of a mountain and opposite it is the 5,500 metre Yulong Xueshan Mountain，its peak covered with snow.(P58)
古城依山而建，對面是海拔五千五百米的玉龍雪山，山峰被積雪所覆蓋。
【句法分析】 “its peak covered with snow”是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。
①The problems solved(＝As the problem was solved)，the quality has been improved.
隨著問題的解決，質(zhì)量已經(jīng)提高了。
②Time permitting(＝If time permits)，we will go for an outing tomorrow.
如果時間允許的話，我們明天去郊游。
③An air accident happened to the plane，nobody alive.
那架飛機(jī)遭遇了空難，無一人生還。
④The boy goes to the classroom，book in hand.
那男孩手里拿著書去教室。
⑤The meeting over，they all went home.
會議一結(jié)束，他們就都回家了。
【即境活用】
11．The children went home from the grammar school，their lessons ________ for the day.
A．finishing B．finished
C．had finished
D．went finished
解析：選B。句意：那天的課程一結(jié)束，孩子們紛紛從那所文法學(xué)校回到家里。逗號不能連接兩個句子，當(dāng)兩句話并列時，需要并列連詞，而題干中沒有并列連詞，故排除C、D兩項(xiàng)；由于沒有連詞可判斷逗號后應(yīng)為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語，在此結(jié)構(gòu)中邏輯主語lessons與finish之間為被動關(guān)系，故排除A項(xiàng)。
12.The boy lay on the ground，his teeth set，his hand clenched on his breast and his eyes ________ straight upward.
A．look
B．looking
C．looked
D．a(chǎn)re looking
解析：選B。該句中出現(xiàn)了三個獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：his teeth set，his hand clenched on his breast和his eyes looking straight upward，因look為不及物動詞，因此需用其現(xiàn)在分詞形式。
②【教材原句】 However different we may appear to be at first，we are all the same，all equal.(P59)
無論起初我們看上去有多么不同，然而我們本質(zhì)上是一樣的，每個人都是平等的。
【句法分析】 此句中however引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，相當(dāng)于No matter how different we may appear to be at first，we are all the same，all equal；帶ever后綴的疑問詞引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，都可以轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閚o matter...的形式，表示“不管……；無論……”的意思。
①Whatever(No matter what) you do，I will always be on your side.無論你做什么，我將一直支持你。
②Wherever(No matter where) you go，you will find many kind people who want to help others.
無論你去哪兒，你都會發(fā)現(xiàn)很多想幫助別人的好心人。
③Whoever(No matter who) you are，you shouldn’t be rude to others.無論你是誰，你都不能對別人粗魯。
④Whichever (No matter which) book you like,
you can take it home.無論你喜歡哪本書，你都可以拿回家。
【注意】 有些帶-ever后綴的疑問詞還可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，主要有whatever，whoever，whomever，whichever。但這時它們不可以改寫成“no matter＋特殊疑問詞”的形式。這時的whatever，whoever，whomever，whichever既要在主句中作成分，又要在從句中作成分，為了便于理解，我們可以把它們分解成兩個詞來理解。whatever＝anything that，whoever＝anyone who，whomever＝anyone whom，而whichever為which的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。
⑤Whoever wants to see the film can go with us tonight.＝Anyone who wants to see the film can go with us tonight.
