2023職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)考試?yán)砉ゎ?lèi)的閱讀理解模擬題13

由雕龍文庫(kù) 分享時(shí)間：2024-03-15 19:06:43 收藏本文

　　閱讀下面的短文。每篇短文的后面有五個(gè)問(wèn)題，每個(gè)問(wèn)題有四個(gè)備選答案。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。每個(gè)試題計(jì)3分,共計(jì)15分。

　　Reports of cryptic species have increased dramatically over the past two decades with the advent of relatively inexpensive DNA sequencing technology.Markus Pfenninger and Klaus Schwenk，of the Goethe-Universitat，in Frankfurt1，Germany，analyzed all known data on cryptic animal species and discovered that they are found in equal proportions throughout all major branches of the animal kingdom and occur in equal numbers in all biogeographieal regions.

　　Im extremely surprised by their results, says Alex Smith of the University of Guelph2 in Ontario3，Canada.Its a call to arms to keep doing the broad kind of genetic studies that we are doing.

　　Examples of cryptic species include the African elephant. A 2001 study found the elephants were actually two genetically distinct，non-interbreeding species，the African bush elephant and the African elephant. The species are currently listed as vulnerable and threatened，respectively，by the World Conservation Union 4.

　　In the early 1900s misidentification of mosquito species based on morphology confused attempts to control malaria in Europe.Ultimately，what was thought to be a single species was actually made up of six sibling species，only three of which transmitted the disease.The basic unit in biology is always the species，and you have to know what you are dealing with, Pfenninger says.Much previous research is now no longer used，he says，because it is not clear what species was being studied.5kriptik5tAksCnp

　　biodiversity n.生物多樣性 taxonomic adj.分類(lèi)

　　morphologyn.形態(tài)學(xué) malaria n.瘧疾5reptail5sibliNp

　　temperateadj. 溫帶的

　　2. the University of Guelph：圭爾夫大學(xué)。該校成立于1964年，是一所公立的綜合性大學(xué)。在2005年加拿大綜合類(lèi)大學(xué)評(píng)比中，圭爾夫大學(xué)名列第3名，是全加拿大最著名的高等學(xué)府之一。

　　4. the World Conservation Union：世界自然保護(hù)聯(lián)盟。全球最大、最重要的自然保護(hù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)機(jī)構(gòu)，它集合了82個(gè)國(guó)家、111個(gè)政府機(jī)構(gòu)、800多個(gè)非政府組織以及來(lái)自181個(gè)國(guó)家的約1萬(wàn)多名科學(xué)家和專(zhuān)家，形成了世界環(huán)保領(lǐng)域里獨(dú)一無(wú)二的全球性合作關(guān)系。

　　A The results of the research can help the development of many other researchareas.

　　C The results of the research can help our understanding of infectious diseaseevolution.

　　2. What was scientists understanding of cryptic species?

　　B They were mostly found in insects find reptiles.

　　D Both B and C.

　　A Not yet.

　　C They will know the answer in another one or two years;

　　4. Which of the following about the African bush elephant and the African elephant is true?

　　B They are interbreeding species.

　　D They depend on each other for survival.

　　A identified only one mosquito species instead of six species.

　　C thought there was only one mosquito species.

　　答案與題解：

　　1. D 短文的第一段第二句的大意是，研究結(jié)果為廣泛的研究領(lǐng)域提供啟示，包括生物多樣性研究，還能幫助我們理解傳染疾病及其演變。所以，選項(xiàng)A、B、C都是正確的，它們不是答案。選項(xiàng)D的適者生存的內(nèi)容文章中沒(méi)有提及，因此是本題的答案。

　　3. A 第三段和第五段提供了答案。第三段的倒數(shù)第二句中的Until...no one will know just how many cryptic species exist.其意思就是人們目前還不了解。第五段的最后一句也說(shuō)明了研究者目前對(duì)此尚未了解。

　　5. A 短文最后一段告訴我們，由于對(duì)蚊子種類(lèi)不了解，20世紀(jì)初期瘧疾曾肆虐歐洲，最終，科學(xué)家才了解到蚊子這一物種不是由一個(gè)種類(lèi)而是由六個(gè)種類(lèi)組成。所以，應(yīng)該選擇A。