歷年GRE閱讀材料中的難句精選100句
編輯點(diǎn)評(píng)： 大家在復(fù)習(xí)GRE作文時(shí)，把歷年的閱讀真題拿出來(lái)重新閱讀和分析是非常好的一個(gè)復(fù)習(xí)方法，這里為大家精選的是GRE歷年考試的閱讀部分的難句，如果大家可以花時(shí)間搞懂這些句子，相信對(duì)作文的提高一定有所幫助。
1. That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted.
譯文：那種性別比例能在最大程度上增加一個(gè)個(gè)體所能擁有的后代數(shù)量，并因此能在最大程度上增加所傳遞到后代身上去的基因復(fù)制品的數(shù)量。
難句類(lèi)型：倒裝、省略
a本句的正常語(yǔ)序應(yīng)當(dāng)是：That sex ratio which maximizes the number of descendnts an individuall will have and hence the number of gene copies transmited will be favored.但是因?yàn)橹髡Z(yǔ)That sex ratio之后的以which引導(dǎo)的修飾它的定語(yǔ)從句，如果按照以上語(yǔ)序，則有頭重腳輕之感。所以原文將此長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的從句倒裝成謂語(yǔ)will be favored之后。
b在which引導(dǎo)的從句中，有兩處省略：第一處在maximize的第一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)the number of descendants that an individuall will have中， an individuall will have是修飾descendants的定語(yǔ)從句，但是，因?yàn)閐escendants在從句中作have的賓語(yǔ)，所以引導(dǎo)詞that可以省略。第二處省略是在第二個(gè)the number of 之前，省略了與前面一樣的成分that sex ratio which maximizes. And hence在此表示后面的成分作為前面 最大化一個(gè)個(gè)體的后代的數(shù)目的 結(jié)果。
意群訓(xùn)練：That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted.
2. A desire to throw over reality a light that never was might give away abruptly to the desire on the part of what we might consider a novelist-scientist to record exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower .復(fù)雜+倒裝+省略;
照亮現(xiàn)實(shí)的欲望，此欲望從來(lái)就不會(huì)唐突的取代后面的那種欲望，后者是我們可以將其部分的理解為一個(gè)兼任小說(shuō)加和科學(xué)家的人想要去準(zhǔn)確并具體的記錄下一朵花的結(jié)構(gòu)和文理的那種意義上的欲望。
解釋?zhuān)罕揪渥拥碾y度在一切GRE、GMAT包括LSAT考試中所出現(xiàn)的難句中堪稱登峰造極，可以確定地講，類(lèi)似此句子的難度的語(yǔ)言，在計(jì)算機(jī)考試的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)絕無(wú)可能出現(xiàn)。如果對(duì)此句話不感興趣，可以把其廢掉不讀。
A、 這句話讀起來(lái)別扭的第一個(gè)原因，是因?yàn)樗揪筒皇且粋€(gè)句子。句首省略了this is 。這種用一個(gè)詞代替一個(gè)句子的方式如果在書(shū)面語(yǔ)中出現(xiàn)，只能出現(xiàn)在高級(jí)英語(yǔ)中，因此我們以前的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中從未遇到過(guò)。其形式類(lèi)似于我們中文的 精彩 是 這句話真是精彩 的省略形式。
B、 desire后跟著兩個(gè)大的修飾成分，一個(gè)是to throw over reality a light，其中的a light 是被倒裝到了over reality之后，正常應(yīng)是throw a light over reality.不過(guò)這個(gè)便裝部分與throw距離不遠(yuǎn)，讀者看得還算懂。關(guān)鍵是第二個(gè)修飾成分。注意：從that開(kāi)始直到句尾結(jié)束的長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的定語(yǔ)從句不是修飾其前的light的，而是修飾一開(kāi)始的desire的。
C、 第二個(gè)修飾成分中又來(lái)了一個(gè)倒裝，由于作者為了強(qiáng)調(diào)never,所以將其提前，引發(fā)了定語(yǔ)從句中的倒裝：正常語(yǔ)序應(yīng)該是that might never be given away，倒裝后系動(dòng)詞was被提前，given因?yàn)樵谇閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞might之后所以變成了原型give。A give way to B，是A讓位于B，而A be given way to B， 則是A取代B。on the part of 之后的部分修飾后面的desire，what引導(dǎo)的從句現(xiàn)場(chǎng)閱讀時(shí)可以看成一個(gè)名詞。What從句中的不定式to recored exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower中又有一個(gè)避免頭重腳輕的倒裝，正常語(yǔ)序應(yīng)該是to recored the structure and texture of a flower exactly and concretely。
D、 就算能夠看懂這句話的結(jié)構(gòu)，可能仍然理解不了意思。本句的意思是，哈代，前一種欲望是永遠(yuǎn)也不能取代后者的。
意群訓(xùn)練：A desire to throw over reality a light that never was might give away abruptly to the desire on the part of what we might consider a novelist-scientist to record exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower .
3. Hardy s weakness derived from his apparent inability to control the comings and goings of these divergent impulses and from his unwillingness to cultivate and sustain the energetic and risky ones.
難句類(lèi)型：復(fù)雜修飾、省略、抽象詞
譯文：哈代的缺陷一方面緣起于他的某種明顯的無(wú)能，無(wú)法控制好那結(jié)不盡相同的創(chuàng)作沖動(dòng)的穿梭往來(lái);另一方面緣起于他不愿意去培養(yǎng)和維持那些富于生機(jī)活力和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)性強(qiáng)的創(chuàng)作沖動(dòng)。
解釋?zhuān)航樵~from的賓語(yǔ)有兩個(gè)并列的部分，由and所連接，在and之后的第二個(gè)from前，省略了前面一樣的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞derive。本句之所以難，有兩個(gè)原因，一是derived from 后面的成分太長(zhǎng)，初學(xué)者難以一下子看下來(lái);二是作為一篇文科文章，用詞抽象，難以迅速理解。
意群訓(xùn)練：Hardy s weakenss derived from his apparent inability to control the comings and goings of these divergent impulses and from his unwillingness to cultivate and sustain the energyetic and risky ones.
4. Virginia Woolf s provocative statement about her intentions in writing Mrs. Dalloway has regularly been ignored by the critics，since it highlights an aspect of her literary interests very different from the traditional picture of the poetic novelist concerned with examining statesof reverie and vision and with following the intricate pathways of individual consciousness.
難句類(lèi)型：復(fù)雜修飾、省略、抽象詞
譯文：弗吉尼亞.伍爾夫在創(chuàng)作《黛洛維夫人》時(shí)有關(guān)其創(chuàng)作意圖的這番發(fā)人深思的陳述，迄今為止一貫為文學(xué)評(píng)論家們所忽略，因?yàn)樗怀龇从沉怂T多文學(xué)興趣中某一方面，而這一方面則與人們對(duì) 詩(shī)性 小說(shuō)家所形成的傳統(tǒng)見(jiàn)解大相徑庭。所謂的 詩(shī)性 小說(shuō)家，所關(guān)注的是審視想入非非和白日夢(mèng)幻的諸般狀態(tài)，并致力于追尋個(gè)體意識(shí)的通幽曲徑。
解釋?zhuān)罕揪涠禾?hào)以前只有復(fù)雜修飾的長(zhǎng)主語(yǔ)有些難，但總的來(lái)講比較好懂，since引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句較難。
A、 since之后的it指前面的statement，highlight的賓語(yǔ)an aspect之后有兩個(gè)修飾成分，一個(gè)是of her literary interests， 另一個(gè)是以that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句that is very different from the traditional picture of the poetic novelist，都是修飾an aspect的。Novelist后面又有由and 連接的兩個(gè)介詞結(jié)構(gòu)concerned with doing 修飾novelist.
B、 句中有兩處省略，一是在her literary interests that is very different from當(dāng)中，修飾interests的定語(yǔ)從句中引導(dǎo)詞+be that is 一起省略了。第二處在and之后，由于concerned with與前面的concerned with重復(fù)，所以concerned被省略。
C、 本句另外一個(gè)難懂的地方，就是使用了大量的抽象詞。這是文學(xué)市評(píng)論題材的文章的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)。
Virginia Woolf s provocative statement about her intentions in writing Mrs. Dalloway has regularly been ignored by the critics，since it highlights an aspect of her literary interests very different from the traditional picture of the poetic novelist concerned with examining statesof reverie and vision and with following the intricate pathways of individual consciousness.
5. As she put it in The Common Reader , It is safe to say that not a single law has been framed or one stone set upon another because of anything Chaucer said or wrote ; and yet , as we read him , we are absorbing morality at every pore .
抽象詞、抽象詞組、比喻
就像她在《致普通讀者》一書(shū)中所表達(dá)的那樣， 盡管可以毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的說(shuō)，沒(méi)有任何法律被指定出來(lái)，也沒(méi)有任何高樓大廈被建立起來(lái)是因?yàn)閱疼耪f(shuō)了什么或者寫(xiě)了什么;然而，當(dāng)我們讀它的書(shū)的時(shí)候，我們身上每一個(gè)毛孔都充滿了道德
這句話不但用了詞抽象，還用了比喻的修辭手法。是指沒(méi)有因?yàn)閱疼诺难哉摱a(chǎn)生任何實(shí)際的行為規(guī)則或政治機(jī)構(gòu)，但我們受其影響之深，以及其影響力之大。
As she put it in The Common Reader , It is safe to say that not a single law has been framed or one stone set upon another because of anything Chaucer said or wrote ; and yet , as we read him , we are absorbing morality at every pore .
編輯點(diǎn)評(píng)： 大家在復(fù)習(xí)GRE作文時(shí)，把歷年的閱讀真題拿出來(lái)重新閱讀和分析是非常好的一個(gè)復(fù)習(xí)方法，這里為大家精選的是GRE歷年考試的閱讀部分的難句，如果大家可以花時(shí)間搞懂這些句子，相信對(duì)作文的提高一定有所幫助。
1. That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted.
譯文：那種性別比例能在最大程度上增加一個(gè)個(gè)體所能擁有的后代數(shù)量，并因此能在最大程度上增加所傳遞到后代身上去的基因復(fù)制品的數(shù)量。
難句類(lèi)型：倒裝、省略
a本句的正常語(yǔ)序應(yīng)當(dāng)是：That sex ratio which maximizes the number of descendnts an individuall will have and hence the number of gene copies transmited will be favored.但是因?yàn)橹髡Z(yǔ)That sex ratio之后的以which引導(dǎo)的修飾它的定語(yǔ)從句，如果按照以上語(yǔ)序，則有頭重腳輕之感。所以原文將此長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的從句倒裝成謂語(yǔ)will be favored之后。
b在which引導(dǎo)的從句中，有兩處省略：第一處在maximize的第一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)the number of descendants that an individuall will have中， an individuall will have是修飾descendants的定語(yǔ)從句，但是，因?yàn)閐escendants在從句中作have的賓語(yǔ)，所以引導(dǎo)詞that可以省略。第二處省略是在第二個(gè)the number of 之前，省略了與前面一樣的成分that sex ratio which maximizes. And hence在此表示后面的成分作為前面 最大化一個(gè)個(gè)體的后代的數(shù)目的 結(jié)果。
意群訓(xùn)練：That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted.
2. A desire to throw over reality a light that never was might give away abruptly to the desire on the part of what we might consider a novelist-scientist to record exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower .復(fù)雜+倒裝+省略;
照亮現(xiàn)實(shí)的欲望，此欲望從來(lái)就不會(huì)唐突的取代后面的那種欲望，后者是我們可以將其部分的理解為一個(gè)兼任小說(shuō)加和科學(xué)家的人想要去準(zhǔn)確并具體的記錄下一朵花的結(jié)構(gòu)和文理的那種意義上的欲望。
解釋?zhuān)罕揪渥拥碾y度在一切GRE、GMAT包括LSAT考試中所出現(xiàn)的難句中堪稱登峰造極，可以確定地講，類(lèi)似此句子的難度的語(yǔ)言，在計(jì)算機(jī)考試的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)絕無(wú)可能出現(xiàn)。如果對(duì)此句話不感興趣，可以把其廢掉不讀。
A、 這句話讀起來(lái)別扭的第一個(gè)原因，是因?yàn)樗揪筒皇且粋€(gè)句子。句首省略了this is 。這種用一個(gè)詞代替一個(gè)句子的方式如果在書(shū)面語(yǔ)中出現(xiàn)，只能出現(xiàn)在高級(jí)英語(yǔ)中，因此我們以前的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中從未遇到過(guò)。其形式類(lèi)似于我們中文的 精彩 是 這句話真是精彩 的省略形式。
B、 desire后跟著兩個(gè)大的修飾成分，一個(gè)是to throw over reality a light，其中的a light 是被倒裝到了over reality之后，正常應(yīng)是throw a light over reality.不過(guò)這個(gè)便裝部分與throw距離不遠(yuǎn)，讀者看得還算懂。關(guān)鍵是第二個(gè)修飾成分。注意：從that開(kāi)始直到句尾結(jié)束的長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的定語(yǔ)從句不是修飾其前的light的，而是修飾一開(kāi)始的desire的。
C、 第二個(gè)修飾成分中又來(lái)了一個(gè)倒裝，由于作者為了強(qiáng)調(diào)never,所以將其提前，引發(fā)了定語(yǔ)從句中的倒裝：正常語(yǔ)序應(yīng)該是that might never be given away，倒裝后系動(dòng)詞was被提前，given因?yàn)樵谇閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞might之后所以變成了原型give。A give way to B，是A讓位于B，而A be given way to B， 則是A取代B。on the part of 之后的部分修飾后面的desire，what引導(dǎo)的從句現(xiàn)場(chǎng)閱讀時(shí)可以看成一個(gè)名詞。What從句中的不定式to recored exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower中又有一個(gè)避免頭重腳輕的倒裝，正常語(yǔ)序應(yīng)該是to recored the structure and texture of a flower exactly and concretely。
D、 就算能夠看懂這句話的結(jié)構(gòu)，可能仍然理解不了意思。本句的意思是，哈代，前一種欲望是永遠(yuǎn)也不能取代后者的。
意群訓(xùn)練：A desire to throw over reality a light that never was might give away abruptly to the desire on the part of what we might consider a novelist-scientist to record exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower .
3. Hardy s weakness derived from his apparent inability to control the comings and goings of these divergent impulses and from his unwillingness to cultivate and sustain the energetic and risky ones.
難句類(lèi)型：復(fù)雜修飾、省略、抽象詞
譯文：哈代的缺陷一方面緣起于他的某種明顯的無(wú)能，無(wú)法控制好那結(jié)不盡相同的創(chuàng)作沖動(dòng)的穿梭往來(lái);另一方面緣起于他不愿意去培養(yǎng)和維持那些富于生機(jī)活力和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)性強(qiáng)的創(chuàng)作沖動(dòng)。
解釋?zhuān)航樵~from的賓語(yǔ)有兩個(gè)并列的部分，由and所連接，在and之后的第二個(gè)from前，省略了前面一樣的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞derive。本句之所以難，有兩個(gè)原因，一是derived from 后面的成分太長(zhǎng)，初學(xué)者難以一下子看下來(lái);二是作為一篇文科文章，用詞抽象，難以迅速理解。
意群訓(xùn)練：Hardy s weakenss derived from his apparent inability to control the comings and goings of these divergent impulses and from his unwillingness to cultivate and sustain the energyetic and risky ones.
4. Virginia Woolf s provocative statement about her intentions in writing Mrs. Dalloway has regularly been ignored by the critics，since it highlights an aspect of her literary interests very different from the traditional picture of the poetic novelist concerned with examining statesof reverie and vision and with following the intricate pathways of individual consciousness.
難句類(lèi)型：復(fù)雜修飾、省略、抽象詞
譯文：弗吉尼亞.伍爾夫在創(chuàng)作《黛洛維夫人》時(shí)有關(guān)其創(chuàng)作意圖的這番發(fā)人深思的陳述，迄今為止一貫為文學(xué)評(píng)論家們所忽略，因?yàn)樗怀龇从沉怂T多文學(xué)興趣中某一方面，而這一方面則與人們對(duì) 詩(shī)性 小說(shuō)家所形成的傳統(tǒng)見(jiàn)解大相徑庭。所謂的 詩(shī)性 小說(shuō)家，所關(guān)注的是審視想入非非和白日夢(mèng)幻的諸般狀態(tài)，并致力于追尋個(gè)體意識(shí)的通幽曲徑。
解釋?zhuān)罕揪涠禾?hào)以前只有復(fù)雜修飾的長(zhǎng)主語(yǔ)有些難，但總的來(lái)講比較好懂，since引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句較難。
A、 since之后的it指前面的statement，highlight的賓語(yǔ)an aspect之后有兩個(gè)修飾成分，一個(gè)是of her literary interests， 另一個(gè)是以that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句that is very different from the traditional picture of the poetic novelist，都是修飾an aspect的。Novelist后面又有由and 連接的兩個(gè)介詞結(jié)構(gòu)concerned with doing 修飾novelist.
B、 句中有兩處省略，一是在her literary interests that is very different from當(dāng)中，修飾interests的定語(yǔ)從句中引導(dǎo)詞+be that is 一起省略了。第二處在and之后，由于concerned with與前面的concerned with重復(fù)，所以concerned被省略。
C、 本句另外一個(gè)難懂的地方，就是使用了大量的抽象詞。這是文學(xué)市評(píng)論題材的文章的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)。
Virginia Woolf s provocative statement about her intentions in writing Mrs. Dalloway has regularly been ignored by the critics，since it highlights an aspect of her literary interests very different from the traditional picture of the poetic novelist concerned with examining statesof reverie and vision and with following the intricate pathways of individual consciousness.
5. As she put it in The Common Reader , It is safe to say that not a single law has been framed or one stone set upon another because of anything Chaucer said or wrote ; and yet , as we read him , we are absorbing morality at every pore .
抽象詞、抽象詞組、比喻
就像她在《致普通讀者》一書(shū)中所表達(dá)的那樣， 盡管可以毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的說(shuō)，沒(méi)有任何法律被指定出來(lái)，也沒(méi)有任何高樓大廈被建立起來(lái)是因?yàn)閱疼耪f(shuō)了什么或者寫(xiě)了什么;然而，當(dāng)我們讀它的書(shū)的時(shí)候，我們身上每一個(gè)毛孔都充滿了道德
這句話不但用了詞抽象，還用了比喻的修辭手法。是指沒(méi)有因?yàn)閱疼诺难哉摱a(chǎn)生任何實(shí)際的行為規(guī)則或政治機(jī)構(gòu)，但我們受其影響之深，以及其影響力之大。
As she put it in The Common Reader , It is safe to say that not a single law has been framed or one stone set upon another because of anything Chaucer said or wrote ; and yet , as we read him , we are absorbing morality at every pore .
