2024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)課件：Module6 Unit 1《Laughter is good for you》（2）（譯林版湖南專用）

　　2. He told me the news, believe it or not, ________ he had earned $1 000 in a single day.

　　A. that

　　B. which

　　C. as

　　D. because A　此題容易誤選B，誤認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。其實(shí)此題應(yīng)選 A，that 引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)用以修飾名詞 the news 的同位語(yǔ)從句。 3. Don't you know, my dear friend, ________ it is you that she loves?

　　A. who

　　B. which

　　C. that

　　D. what C　此題容易誤選 A或B，選 A 者認(rèn)為這是指人的，故用 who；選B者認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，兩者都是誤認(rèn)為這是定語(yǔ)從句(注意沒(méi)有先行詞)，其實(shí)此題應(yīng)選C，它引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，只是被其中的插入語(yǔ) my dear friend 隔開罷了。其實(shí)此句也可說(shuō)成 My dear friend, don't you know that it is you that she loves? 4. 段落的結(jié)論句 結(jié)論句(Concluding sentence)也稱總結(jié)句，它標(biāo)志著段落的結(jié)束，自然應(yīng)位于一段的結(jié)尾。結(jié)論句可用來(lái)重述主題、提供問(wèn)題的解決方式，對(duì)未來(lái)進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)，提出問(wèn)題讓讀者思考，或?qū)θ蝺?nèi)容加以概述。結(jié)論之前常會(huì)出現(xiàn) in short, in a word, therefore等詞語(yǔ)。但并非所有的段落都需要結(jié)論句，有的也可采用自然結(jié)束的方式。

　　結(jié)論句在注意總結(jié)與呼應(yīng)主題句的基礎(chǔ)上，用一個(gè)短短的感嘆句、問(wèn)句、一句話概括、一個(gè)比喻、一句挑戰(zhàn)性的話或一句名言將全段“拔高”一下，效果會(huì)更好。 參閱下面主題句與結(jié)論句呼應(yīng)的例子： ①

　　主題句： Only a mother's love is selfless love!

　　結(jié)尾句： What great love this is!

　　②

　　主題句： Life is limited, but knowledge is boundless.

　　結(jié)尾句： How important it is to read good books! 從以上的例子，我們可以清楚地看出主題句和結(jié)論句的關(guān)系，結(jié)論句在意思上和主題句保持一致，與主題句緊密呼應(yīng)，但又不是簡(jiǎn)單的重復(fù)。例①運(yùn)用感嘆句，例②運(yùn)用一句總結(jié)，它們都起到強(qiáng)化主題思想的作用，給讀者留下了較深的印象。 結(jié)論句并非必不可少，但它能起到以下的作用： (1)表示段落的結(jié)束； (2)總結(jié)要點(diǎn)，與主題句相呼應(yīng)； (3)使讀者就本段落的主要內(nèi)容和見(jiàn)解有一個(gè)深刻的印象或進(jìn)行思考。 Ⅰ.閱讀下面一個(gè)段落，指出段落的三個(gè)主要結(jié)構(gòu) Life in the 21st Century ①Life in the 21st century will be very interesting. ② Perhaps we can go on a holiday to the moon, and some scientists may live under the sea. ③ Maybe we will have video telephones in every home.④ When we talk on the phone, we'll be able to see the person at the other end of the line. ⑤ Perhaps we will have a computer in every classroom.⑥ It would be able to help us do a lot of things such as solving difficult problems, reviewing our lessons, and doing our homework.

　　⑦ Perhaps some children won't need to go to school every day because there will be more educational programs on radio and television. ⑧ Maybe at that time every family will have a robot and it can do many kinds of housework for us. ⑨ Then what will we do with our extra time? ⑩ I think we may have more time to study and learn how to use and control these machines. ? Well, let's look at what wonderful life we will enjoy in the 21st century. 在這一段中，①為主題句，闡述段落的中心思想；②，③，④，⑤，⑥，⑦，⑧，⑩ 為擴(kuò)展句，列舉事例來(lái)豐富和闡明中心思想；?為結(jié)論句，與主題相呼應(yīng)，概括該段落的真正含義；⑨為過(guò)渡句。 Ⅱ.從下面方框內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)渡詞填入空白處

　　In the past twenty years or so, great advances have taken place in the world. ______， we have seen one of the most important advances in agriculture — the Green Revolution. ______ this advance we can now produce more food with less land. ______， industry has been made more and more automatic. ______，few and few people are needed to operate factories and offices because of, first, second, as a result, therefore, finally, in addition . ______， to explore the unknown world, more and more satellites have been launched and more and more astronauts have been sent into outer space. ______， new products of all kinds have been produced. ______， our life has become much better and much comfortable. First; Because of; Second; Therefore; In addition; Finally; As a result Ⅲ.用所給主題句運(yùn)用因果關(guān)系手法，將下列詞或短語(yǔ)組成一個(gè)連貫的段落 主題句：As a student, I completely agree with the suggestion that students should have a television lounge(休息室)． (1)necessary — keep pace — current affairs (2)solve the problem — noise in the classroom — because — no other place — relax (3)a good way — have some fun

　　As a student, I completely agree with the suggestion that students should have a television lounge. First, a TV lounge is necessary to those who want to keep pace with current affairs. Second, it can help solve the problem of the noise in the classrooms caused by the students who are chatting and laughing loudly because they have no place to go to relax. Indeed, many students want to have a place to relax after a day of hard work. Watching TV is a good way for the students to enrich their spare-time activities and have some fun. As a result, the opening of a TV lounge would be important both to the students who want to have a quiet place to study and to those who want to relax. 名詞性從句(1) 在主從復(fù)合句中，從句可以充當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或同位語(yǔ)。由于在多數(shù)情況下，主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或同位語(yǔ)這4種句子成分由名詞性詞類充當(dāng)，所以，我們把這些作用相當(dāng)于名詞的從句統(tǒng)稱為名詞性從句，把充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或同位語(yǔ)的從句分別稱為主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句或同位語(yǔ)從句。名詞性從句由連接詞(或關(guān)聯(lián)詞)引導(dǎo)。常用的連接詞有： 連接詞 作用 whether 是否 that (本身無(wú)詞義) 只起連接詞作用，引導(dǎo)從句，在從句中不作任何成分 who, whom, whose which 哪一個(gè) what 什么，所……的 在從句中分別作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ) 在從句中分別作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ) 在從句中分別作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)

　　when什么時(shí)候，where什么地方 how怎樣、怎么，why為什么 除了起連接詞作用外，還在從句中作狀語(yǔ) 疑問(wèn)詞(who, whom, whose, what, which, where, why, when, how)可以引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)從句。它們的特點(diǎn)是：①疑問(wèn)詞有本身的詞義；②疑問(wèn)詞在從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)句子成分，如主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)；③這種疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的從句一律用陳述語(yǔ)序，不能用疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序。 She asked me where I had been.(賓語(yǔ)從句) What you have done might do harm to other people. (主語(yǔ)從句) What I want to know is where he has gone for his weekend.(表語(yǔ)從句) 一、主語(yǔ)從句 1．that 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，that沒(méi)有意義，但不能省略。 It worried her a bit that her hair was turning gray. 她的頭發(fā)正在變白，這使她很不安。 That she is a rich woman is known to us all. 眾所周知，她是個(gè)富有的女人。 2．從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，多數(shù)情況下由 it 作形式主語(yǔ)，而把主語(yǔ)從句放在后面，尤其是謂語(yǔ)部分(包括賓語(yǔ))較短的情況下。 It wasn't very clear what she meant. 不清楚她是什么意思。 It is important that he should come on time. 他按時(shí)來(lái)是很重要的。 3．whether 既可以引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句也可以引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，但if不能引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。whether 后面可以加or not, 而if 不能與or not 連用。作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)不用if。 Whether I knew John doesn't matter. ＝ It doesn't matter whether I knew John.

　　我是否認(rèn)識(shí)約翰沒(méi)有關(guān)系。 Whether or not she'll come isn't clear. ＝ Whether she'll come or not isn't clear. ＝ It isn't clear whether… 她是否來(lái)還不清楚。 It all depends on whether we can get their cooperation.

　　這完全取決于我們是否能得到他們的合作。 She asked me whether/if you were married. 她向我打聽(tīng)你是否結(jié)婚。 二、賓語(yǔ)從句 在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、介詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、分詞、動(dòng)名詞之后都可以帶有賓語(yǔ)從句。某些形容詞如sure, happy, glad, certain, pleased 等之后也可以帶有賓語(yǔ)從句。 1．that 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句： that 沒(méi)有意義，在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中常省略。 I really feel she's making a mistake. 我的確感到她正犯錯(cuò)誤。 Hearing that her son was badly wounded, she hurried to the hospital to see him. 聽(tīng)說(shuō)兒子受了重傷，她急忙趕到醫(yī)院去看望他。 2．whether/if (是否)引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句：如果要突出“究竟是……還是不……”，常在whether 后面加or not; if 一般不與or not連用。 He asked me if/whether I knew John. 他問(wèn)我是否認(rèn)識(shí)約翰。 Let me know whether you can come or not. 你能來(lái)還是不能來(lái)，告訴我一聲。 3．在think, believe, suppose, expect 等動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句中，否定不用在從句中，而是將think 等詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄐ问健?I don't think the film is interesting. 我覺(jué)得這部電影沒(méi)什么意思。 I don't suppose we are going outing tomorrow. 我認(rèn)為我們明天不會(huì)出去郊游。 4．如果從句作賓語(yǔ)而后面還有補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，為了保持句子的平衡，用it 作形式賓語(yǔ)，而將賓語(yǔ)從句放在句尾。常跟這樣的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：make, find, see, hear, feel, think, consider, regard, take…for granted等。 George made it clear that he opposed this project. 喬治已明確表示他反對(duì)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。 I took it for granted that you'd stay with us. 我想當(dāng)然認(rèn)為你會(huì)和我們待在一起。 三、同位語(yǔ)從句 同位語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)名詞的內(nèi)容給予具體、詳細(xì)的說(shuō)明。常在后面接同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞有fact, news, idea, truth, hope, suggestion, question, problem, doubt, fear, belief等。同位語(yǔ)從句常用的引導(dǎo)詞為that，有時(shí)也用when, where 等疑問(wèn)詞。 The idea that you can do this task well without thinking is quite wrong. 你認(rèn)為不動(dòng)腦筋就能做好這件工作的想法是完全錯(cuò)誤的。 The difficulty lies in the fact that we are short of money. 困難在于我們?nèi)狈Y金這個(gè)事實(shí)。 注意：同位語(yǔ)從句的that 只是引導(dǎo)詞，沒(méi)有其他語(yǔ)法作用，在句子中不作句子成分，不能省略；而定語(yǔ)從句中的that 除了引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句外，還是定語(yǔ)從句的一個(gè)成分，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)不能省略，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略。 The idea that he proposed at the meeting is sheer nonsense.

　　他在會(huì)議上提出的這個(gè)想法簡(jiǎn)直荒謬。(定語(yǔ)從句) No one is happy with the fact that he will become their boss. 沒(méi)有人對(duì)他將成為他們的老板這一事實(shí)感到高興。(同位語(yǔ)從句) 四、表語(yǔ)從句 表語(yǔ)從句位于主句的連系動(dòng)詞之后，在非正式文體中引導(dǎo)詞that可以省略。 That's why I have come. 那就是我為什么來(lái)了。 What I want to know is where we shall go and whether she will join us.

　　我想知道的是我們要去什么地方以及她是否加入我們。 此外，表語(yǔ)從句還可由as if (好像)引導(dǎo)。 It looked as if it was/were going to rain. 好像要下雨了。 五、形容詞后的that從句 that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句還可以用在一些形容詞后面。這種句型一般都用人作主語(yǔ)，所用的形容詞都是表示思想狀況或感情色彩的形容詞，如certain, sure, positive, afraid, convinced, anxious, disappointed, worried, glad, happy, sorry, amazed, surprised, aware, doubtful, confident等。 I am sure/certain that he's at home now. 我肯定他現(xiàn)在在家。 I am a bit worried that she will not be able to make it. 我有點(diǎn)擔(dān)心她做不成這件事情。 六、what 從句的小結(jié) 1．意思是“所……的事/物”， 相當(dāng)于the thing(s) that…， that which…， 或those which… 可以用于以下情況： (1)引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句 What is gone is gone. 過(guò)去的事就過(guò)去了。 (2)引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句 He's not what he was a few years ago. 他不是幾年前的他了。 (3)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，包括介詞賓語(yǔ) He could not express what he felt. 他不能表達(dá)他的感受。 As a friend of yours, I want to tell you what I hear. 作為你的朋友，我想告訴你我所聽(tīng)到的。 I don't care about money or what people call position. 我不在乎金錢或者別人所謂的地位。

　　2．用作插入語(yǔ)，指代后面的成分。這和非限定性定語(yǔ)從句正好相反，非限定性定語(yǔ)從句指代的是前面的成分。 It is a useful book, and, what is more, not an expensive one. 這是本很有用的書，再說(shuō)也不貴。 3．引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，等于“不管什么……”。注意狀語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序。 Do what she would, she could not invent a reason for not going.(＝No matter what may come，…) 不管她會(huì)做什么，她都編不出不去的理由。 Come what may, you'll always keep it secret.(＝No matter what she would do，…) 無(wú)論怎樣，你都要保守秘密。 1. She promised ________ he had enough money she would marry him.

　　A. that

　　B. if

　　C. that if

　　D. if that

　　C　其余幾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。句子的正常詞序?yàn)?She promised that she would marry him if he had enough money. 由于將條件狀語(yǔ)從句 if he had enough money 插入動(dòng)詞 promised 與其賓語(yǔ)從句之間，從而導(dǎo)致許多同學(xué)誤選。另外，本來(lái)動(dòng)詞 promise 后接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的 that 是可以省略的，但是按英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣，當(dāng)動(dòng)詞與其賓語(yǔ)從句之間插有其他成分時(shí)，引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的 that 通常不宜省略，所以此題不宜選B。 Module 6 Unit 1

　　Laughter is good for you（2） 1、 make sure 弄明白，設(shè)法確保 ◆To make sure that he was at home, I called him up in advance.

　　為了確定他在家，我事先打電話給他。 ◆Make sure that you put down every word she says.

　　切實(shí)要記下她說(shuō)的每一個(gè)字。 ◆Make sure the central heating is off.

　　集中供暖設(shè)備一定要關(guān)掉。 ◆It may freeze tonight, so make sure the plants are covered.

　　今晚大概會(huì)有霜凍，一定要把花草都遮蓋好。 ◆Make sure that the sign's the right way up.

　　一定要把符號(hào)的上下弄對(duì)。

　　make believe 假裝

　　　make it 及時(shí)到達(dá)；成功

　　　make love (to) 向……求愛(ài)

　　　make one's way 前去；去

　　　make up 和好；化妝；捏造，虛構(gòu)(故事、詩(shī)等) 　make up for 補(bǔ)償 　make out of… 用……制造， 理解， 了解

　　make the bed 鋪床 　make the tea 沏茶 　make coffee 煮咖啡 　make a close study 仔細(xì)研究 　make a claim 要求 　make a plain 訂計(jì)劃 　make certain 弄清楚，搞確實(shí) 我想把這個(gè)問(wèn)題弄明白。 I tried to 　 the problem. make sure of 2、 take on 接納，雇用；開始從事；呈現(xiàn)新的面貌 ◆The factory is taking on more men.

　　那個(gè)工廠將招收更多的工人。 ◆He was always ready to take on the hardest job.

　　他總是愿意干最艱難的工作。 ◆The land around the lake took on a different look.

　　湖四周的土地面貌發(fā)生了變化。 ◆This old term has taken on a new meaning.

　　這個(gè)舊詞有了新的意義。

　　take a chance 碰運(yùn)氣 　take a vote 表決 　take advantage of 利用 　take…as… 把……當(dāng)作…… 　take care 當(dāng)心，注意 　take charge of 負(fù)責(zé)，掌管 　take…for example 以……為例 　take hold of 抓住 　take in 吸收；領(lǐng)會(huì)；訂閱 　be taken in 被欺騙 　take interest in 對(duì)……感興趣 　take it easy 放松 　take notice of 注意 　take off 脫掉；起飛；打折扣 　take a day off 休假一天 　take office 就職

　　take over 接管 　take part in 參加 　take place 發(fā)生，舉行 　take pride in 以……為自豪 　take the place of 代替 　take turns 輪流 　take up 開始(學(xué)習(xí)、活動(dòng)等)；討論；從事；占用

　　①Advice has been given that we should ______ the fine weather these days to get in all the crops.

　　A. take charge of

　　B. take advantage of

　　C. take account of

　　D. take notice of ①B　這里表示“充分利用”好天氣把所有的莊稼收回來(lái)。

　　②My study of biology has ______ much of my spare time, but it has given me a great deal of enjoyment.

　　A. taken in

　　B. taken down

　　C. taken up

　　D. taken away ②C　生物科的學(xué)習(xí)占去了我大量的業(yè)余時(shí)間。

　　③After the students put up a Christmas tree in the centre, the classroom __________ a holiday appearance.

　　同學(xué)們?cè)诮淌抑醒敕帕艘豢檬フQ樹，教室里呈現(xiàn)出一派節(jié)日景象。 ③took on　

　　④The story then ______ a classic love triangle between Calaf, Turandot and Liu.

　　故事隨后演繹了發(fā)生在卡拉夫、圖蘭朵和柳兒之間的經(jīng)典三角戀情。 ④takes on 3、 hold out

　　維持；保持；帶來(lái)(希望)；使有(可能)；拿出 ◆How long can we hold out against these attacks?

　　我們對(duì)這些攻擊能抵抗多久？ ◆His parents hold out much hope for his education in university.

　　他的父母對(duì)他的大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)抱很大的希望。 　hold back 阻止，阻擋 　hold on 別掛；等一等；堅(jiān)持 　hold on to 堅(jiān)守；保留(房屋、財(cái)產(chǎn)等)；抓住 　hold water 經(jīng)得起檢驗(yàn)，站得住腳 — Is Peter there? — ______ (稍等) please. I'll see if I can find him for you. Hold on 4、 make fun of 取笑 ◆People make fun of her because she always speaks foolishly.

　　人們嘲笑她，因?yàn)樗Ｕf(shuō)傻話。

　　It's cruel to make fun of people who stammer.

　　嘲笑口吃的人未免不近人情。

　　◆Don't make fun of the poor boy.

　　不要取笑那個(gè)可憐的孩子。

　　◆That will teach him a lesson! It doesn't pay to make fun of the law, my man!

　　那會(huì)給他一個(gè)教訓(xùn)！與法律開玩笑絕不會(huì)有好下場(chǎng)，我的老弟。

　　Whatever the reason, research shows that in the end, the English saying ‘Laughter is the best medicine', may be true after all. 無(wú)論什么原因，最后研究顯示，英語(yǔ)諺語(yǔ)“笑是最好的良藥，”也許是真的。 這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，其中含有一個(gè)whatever 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，reason 后面省略了is，另外that引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句。 ①Whatever/No matter what　 ① happens, I'll be right there for you. 不管發(fā)生什么，我都會(huì)站在你這邊。 ②whatever ②The pandas are very dear to human beings. So people have been doing they take to save them. 熊貓是人類親密的朋友。所以人們竭盡所能去拯救它們。 1. A　本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。keep ＋sb./sth.＋done，根據(jù)句意，sb.與它后面的動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選A。 1. Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues ________ with her stories.(2010·上海)

　　A. amused

　　B. amusing

　　C. to amuse

　　D. to be amused 2. C　表示成千上萬(wàn)的外賓被吸引來(lái)參加上海的世博會(huì)。 2. Thousands of foreigners were ________ to

　　the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened.(2010·江蘇)

　　A. attended

　　B. attained

　　C. attracted

　　D. attached

　　3. D　考查名詞性從句。該空引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)句意“辦公室中沒(méi)人知道她為什么如此生氣”可判斷選D項(xiàng)。 3. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew ________ she was so angry.(2010·湖南)