2024高考英語一輪精講教案：必修5 （7）

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　　必修5 Unit 4（1）

　　Unit 4　Making the news　Spanish explorers called them Las Encantadas, the Enchanted Isles, and Charles Darwin used his studies of the islands as the foundation for his theory of natural selection. The Galapagos are among the world's most important scientific treasures, a group of volcanic islands surrounded by deserted beaches and inhabited by unique varieties of giant tortoise, lizards, and birds.

　　Yet life on this United Nations world heritage site has turned sour. Battles have broken out between

　　fishermen and conservationists. Ecuador, which owns the islands, has sent a naval patrol (海軍巡邏隊(duì)) to put down disturbances.

　　The controversial director of the Galapagos National Park—which controls 97 percent of Galapagos land and the reserve extending to 40 miles offshore—has been fired, while an air of uneasy tension hangs over the islands, as the islanders prepare for election when they pick their representatives in Ecuador’s national assembly.

　　“It’s a very tense situation,” said Leonor Stjepic, director of the London-based Galapagos Conservation Trust, which raises money to help projects on the islands. “We are watching it with concern.”

　　The violence has been triggered by an alarming growth in the islands’ population. Puerto Ayora, on Santa Cruz island, housed just 45 inhabitants in the 50s. Today there are more than 10,000, while the islands' total population is more than 19,000 and growing by 6 percent a year, despite recently introduced a law to limit waves of immigrants fleeing the poor areas of Ecuador for a life “in paradise (天堂)”. On top ofthis, more than 100,000 tourists visit the islands every year. Such numbers have put the islands, special ecology under intense pressure. Conservationists backed by the Ecuador government, have replied by exercising strict controls to protect the islands* iguanas, blue-footed boobies, and giant tortoises.

　　These moves have angered many local people, however. They want to exploit (開發(fā)利用) the islands’ waters and catch its protected species of sharks, lobsters and sea cucumbers, which can fetch high prices in Japan and South Korea.

　　Angry fishermen surrounded the Charles Darwin research station on Santa Cruz last February, threatened to kill Lonesome George—the last surviving member of the Pinta Island species of the Galapagos giant tortoise.

　　The situation got improved after the Ecuador government made concessions (讓步) by increasing fishing quotas (配額), which angered conservationists. “It is tragic, the short-term gain of a few fishermen versus the long-term survival of the Galapagos,” said John McCosker of the California Academy of Sciences. “They are killing the golden goose.” Then, the Ecuador government appointed Fausto Cepeda as the national park's new director, a post that has become a political football for the mainland government. There have been nine directors in the past 18 months.

　　This appointment was particularly controversial, however. Cepeda was known to have close ties with the fishing industry, and the rangers (管理員),who run the national park and reserve, rebelled. More than 300 staged a sit-in at the park’s headquarters and prevented Cepeda from taking up his post. A battle broke out, and at least two people suffered serious injuries. Eventually, Cepeda—with the fishermen’s help- entered the park. “I am in office, i am in control. And I am trying to lower the tension,” he announced.

　　The Ecuador government took no chances, and sent a patrol boat to maintain the peace. A few days later, Ecuador Environment Minister Fabian Valdivicso met representatives of rangers. After discussions, he told newspapers that he had decided to remove Cepeda from the post. However, as the population continues to rise, the long-term pressures on the islands are serious and will not disappear that easily.

　　“We have to balance its special environment with the needs of local people. In that sense, it is a microcosm (縮影) for all the other threatened parts of the world. So getting it right here is going to be a very, very important trick to pull off,” said Stjepic. 66、What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 5 refer to?

　　A．The island’s swelling population.

　　B．The law to limit waves of immigrants.

　　C．A life in paradise.

　　D．The tourists’ visiting the islands every year.

　　How significant were the islands for Charles Darwin?

　　A．He based his theory on his studies there.

　　B．He built the Charles Darwin research center there.

　　C．He advocated the balance between ecology and people there.

　　D．He found the last surviving giant tortoise there.

　　68、What is the primary contributing factor to the conflict between conservationists and fishermen?

　　A．The dismissal of the previous director of the Galapagos National Park.

　　B．The exploitation of the islands.

　　C．The government's support of Galapagos Conservation Trust.

　　D．Cepeda’s close tie with the fishing industry.

　　We can learn from the passage that _______.

　　A．the projects of Galapagos Conservation Trust on the islands are profitable

　　B．conservationists get angry when fishermen are killing a goose

　　C．politicians from the mainland government play football on the islands

　　D．the government is trying to ease the tension

　　In Paragraph 13, what does the author mean by “The Ecuador government took no chances”?

　　A．The government did not seize opportunities.

　　B．The government made no compromises.

　　C．The government did not run risks.

　　D．The government shrank from responsibilities.

　　【參考答案】66—70、AABDC

　　1．delighted(adj.)快樂的；欣喜的

　　2．eager(adj.)渴望的；熱切的

　　3．inform(vt.)告知；通知

　　4．meanwhile(adv.)其間；同時(shí)

　　5．a(chǎn)ccuse(vt.)指責(zé)；譴責(zé)；控告

　　6．demand(n.)需求；要求

　　　(vt.)強(qiáng)烈要求

　　7．gifted(adj.)有天賦的

　　8．a(chǎn)ccurate(adj.)精確的；正確的

　　9．process(vt.)加工；處理

　　　(n.)過程；程序；步驟

　　10．a(chǎn)ssist(vt.)幫助；協(xié)助；援助→assistant(n.)助手；助理；售貨員

　　11．concentrate(vi.& vt.)集中；聚集→concentration(n.)集中；專心

　　12．a(chǎn)cquire(vt.)獲得；取得；學(xué)到→acquisition(n.)獲得；得到

　　13．a(chǎn)ssess(vt.)評(píng)估；評(píng)定→assessment(n.)評(píng)估；評(píng)定

　　14．a(chǎn)pprove(vt.)贊成；認(rèn)可；批準(zhǔn)→approval(n.)贊成；認(rèn)可；批準(zhǔn)

　　15．a(chǎn)ppointment(n.)約會(huì)；任命→appoint(v.)約定；任命

　　1．concentrate_on集中；全神貫注于

　　2．a(chǎn)ccuse...of因……指責(zé)或控告……

　　3．a(chǎn)head_of在……前面

　　4．depend_on依靠；依賴

　　5．so_as_to_(do_sth.)為了 (做)……

　　6．be/get_absorbed_in注意，全神貫注于

　　7．make_an_appointment約會(huì)，預(yù)約

　　8．have_a_good_nose_for對(duì)……有敏感的嗅覺

　　9．keep_sth.in_mind記住

　　10．be_supposed_to應(yīng)當(dāng)，理應(yīng)……

　　11．inform_sb.of_sth.通知某人某事

　　12．get_the_wrong_end_of_the_stick完全誤解，弄錯(cuò)

　　1．Never will Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.

　　周陽永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記他在一家暢銷英文報(bào)紙的第一項(xiàng)工作任務(wù)。

　　名師指津：never置于句首，句子用部分倒裝。

　　例句仿寫：我接到了一個(gè)我最喜愛的足球明星的電話，在我生命中我從來沒有這么高興過。

　　I got a phone of my favourite football star.Never in all my life had_I_felt_so_happy.

　　2．His discussion with his new boss，Hu Xin (HX)，was to strongly influence his life as a journalist.

　　他與他的新老板胡新的討論對(duì)他的記者生涯必將產(chǎn)生重要影響。

　　名師指津：be to do在句中表示后來發(fā)生的事，常譯為“注定會(huì)……；一定……”。

　　例句仿寫：因?yàn)槟慵嚷斆饔智趭^，你一定會(huì)成功的。

　　You_are_to_succeed because you are wise and hardworking.

　　3．Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?

　　你有沒有遇到過這種情況：別人控告你的記者，說他的報(bào)道失實(shí)呢？

　　名師指津：a case/point/situation/stage where引導(dǎo)定語從句

　　例句仿寫：我能想出許多情況，學(xué)生知道許多英語詞匯卻寫不出好文章。

　　I_can_think_of_many_cases__where students knew quite a few English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.

　　4．So we arranged an interview between the footballer and the man supposed to bribe him.

　　因此我們安排這名球員和被認(rèn)為行賄的人一起接受采訪。

　　名師指津：be supposed to應(yīng)該……

　　例句仿寫：我到了人生中該自己拿主意的時(shí)候。

　　I have reached a point in my life where I am_supposed_to make decisions of my own.

　　acquire vt.獲得；取得；學(xué)會(huì)

　　教材原句P26：Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.只有當(dāng)你問了許多問題的情況下，你才能夠得到你需要的所有信息。

　　(1)acquire a knowledge of...獲得……的知識(shí)

　　acquire a habit

　　of...養(yǎng)成……的習(xí)慣

　　acquire a taste for...開始喜歡上……

　　(2)acquisition n．獲得；得到

　　acquired adj.已取得的；后天獲得的

　　As far as I know，she has acquired_a_good_knowledge_of English.據(jù)我所知，她英語已經(jīng)學(xué)得很好。

　　Although having acquired some general achievement，the professor was still dissatisfied in his research.雖然已經(jīng)取得了一些階段性成果，教授仍舊對(duì)自己的研究不很滿意。

　　Having read the book，she will be able to pass on the acquired knowledge to her students.

　　讀完此書，她便能將從書中所得傳授給她的學(xué)生。inform vt.通知；告訴

　　(牛津P1046)Please inform us of any change of address as soon as possible.地址如有變更請(qǐng)盡快通知我們。

　　(1) (2)information n．[U] 通知，消息，情報(bào)，信息

　　We regret_to_inform you that your application has been rejected.

　　我們很遺憾地通知你，你的申請(qǐng)未被接受。

　　Had I informed/If had informed him of the exact time for the meeting earlier，he wouldn’t have been late yesterday.要是我早一點(diǎn)通知他開會(huì)的準(zhǔn)確時(shí)間，昨天他就不會(huì)遲到了。

　　It keeps_us_informed of what have happened during the week.

　　它使我們及時(shí)了解一周來國(guó)內(nèi)外所發(fā)生的事情。case n．情況；病例；案例

　　(2024·北京卷)I took my driving license with me on holiday，in case I wanted to hire a car.

　　我度假時(shí)隨身帶著駕照，以備我租車之需。

　　in any case無論如何，總之

　　in case以防(萬一)

　　in case of萬一……，如果發(fā)生……

　　in no case決不(置于句首，引起倒裝)

　　in that case如果那樣的話；在那種情況下

　　as is often the case這是常有的事

　　①(牛津P296)There is no point complaining now—we’re leaving tomorrow in any case.

　　現(xiàn)在抱怨毫無意義，不管怎樣我們明天都要離開。

　　Enough space should be given to the kids，in_that_case，they will get more life experience.應(yīng)該給予孩子足夠的自由空間，那樣的話孩子會(huì)得到更多的生活經(jīng)歷。

　　As_is_often_the_case with him，he was late for class.

　　上課遲到對(duì)他來說是常有的事。accuse vt.指控，指責(zé)，把……歸咎(于)

　　教材原句P26：A footballer was accused of taking money for deliberately not scoring goals so as to let the other team win.一位足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員被指控受賄，故意不進(jìn)球，為了讓別的隊(duì)贏球。

　　accuse sb.of sth.控告/指責(zé)某人做某事

　　charge sb.with sth.指控/控告某人某事

　　A piece of bad news has been spread that the rich man has been accused of doing good things only to achieve a good reputation.

　　一條不好的消息已經(jīng)傳播開來：那位富人被指責(zé)做好事的目的只是為了沽名釣譽(yù)。

　　The fifteen accused young men from different parts of England，denied the charges.被告是15名來自英格蘭各地的年輕男子，他們對(duì)指控矢口否認(rèn)。

　　He was charged with cheating in the examination.

　　＝He was_accused_of cheating in the examination.

　　他被指控考試作弊。

　　demand n．要求，需要；vt.強(qiáng)烈要求

　　(2024·山東卷閱讀表達(dá))In 1973，kidnappers took his 16-year-old grandson，and demanded a large amount of money for his safe return.1973年綁架者綁架了他16歲的孫子，并索要一筆錢才讓他安全回來。

　　(1)be in (great) demand(迫切)需求

　　meet/satisfy one’s demands滿足某人的需求

　　(2)demand to do sth.要求做某事

　　demand that...should do...要求……

　　(從句用虛擬語氣，should可省略)

　　(2024·安徽書面表達(dá))First，science graduates are in_greater_demand than art ones in China.

　　首先，在中國(guó)，對(duì)理科畢業(yè)生的需求比對(duì)文科生的更大。

　　The manager promised that they would try to meet their customers’ demands.經(jīng)理許諾他們會(huì)盡力滿足顧客的需求。

　　The manager demanded that the workers (should)_work_extra_hours_to_complete the task ahead of time.

　　經(jīng)理要求工人加班，以提前完成任務(wù)。

　　My car demands/needs/requires repairing/to be repaired，so I have to go to work by bus.

　　我的小汽車需要修理了，因此我必須乘公共汽車上班。

　　approve v．贊成；認(rèn)可；批準(zhǔn)

　　(2024·安徽卷閱讀理解)Though not everyone approved of the new dance，saying it was a little too shocking，the dance did find enough supporters to make it popular.

　　雖然不是每個(gè)人都同意新的舞蹈，說它有點(diǎn)太令人震驚，但是該舞蹈的確找到了足以使它受歡迎的支持者。

　　(1)

　　(2)

　　①I approve_of_your_trying to earn some money，but please don’t neglect your studies.我同意你去掙一些錢，可是不要誤了功課。

　　②Nobody would approve your ideal plans for reforming the system of government.

　　沒有人會(huì)贊成你的關(guān)于改革政體的不切實(shí)際的計(jì)劃。

　　③I hope my suggestions will meet with your approval.

　　希望我的建議能得到您的認(rèn)可。

　　Ⅰ.完成句子1．His purpose of going to Canada is____________________(為了學(xué)好英語)．

　　答案：　to acquire a good knowledge of English

　　2．The minister of the Health Department demanded the problems referred to____________________(特別注意)．

　　答案：　(should) be paid special attention to